John Myers
Introduction: Papua New Guinea’s dietary landscape
Papua New Guinea is a culturally diverse country, with over 700 different languages spoken and a rich history of traditional practices. These cultural differences are also reflected in the dietary habits of the population. The majority of the population relies on subsistence farming and fishing, with a diet that is largely based on root vegetables, fruits, seafood, and meat. However, there are also various traditional food taboos and beliefs that dictate what can and cannot be eaten.
Traditional food taboos and beliefs
Many traditional societies in Papua New Guinea have specific food taboos and beliefs. These can vary depending on the region, tribe, or even family. For example, some cultures believe that certain foods are forbidden or should not be eaten during certain times of the year, such as when they are preparing for a festival or during a mourning period. Other taboos relate to specific types of food, such as pork or shellfish, which may be seen as unclean or associated with bad luck.
Restrictions during mourning periods
During mourning periods, there are often strict dietary restrictions in place. For example, the people of the Sepik River region do not eat any meat or fish during mourning periods, as it is believed to be disrespectful to the deceased. Instead, they primarily consume sago, a starchy staple food made from the pith of various tropical palm trees.
Restrictions for women during pregnancy
Pregnant women in some traditional societies are subject to strict dietary restrictions. For example, in the Highlands region, women are forbidden from eating certain types of meat, such as pig or wild pig, during pregnancy as it is believed that it will harm the unborn child. Instead, they are encouraged to eat certain types of vegetables and other protein sources.
Religious dietary restrictions
Religion also plays a role in dietary restrictions in Papua New Guinea. For example, Seventh-day Adventists do not eat pork or shellfish, while Muslims do not consume any pork products. Other religious groups may also have specific dietary restrictions.
Modern influences on Papua New Guinea’s diet
In recent years, modern influences have also had an impact on the dietary landscape of Papua New Guinea. The introduction of processed foods and the adoption of a more westernized diet has led to an increase in health problems such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. However, there are also efforts to promote traditional foods and to encourage people to eat a more balanced diet that incorporates both traditional and modern foods.
