John Myers
Abincin ganyayyaki ya fi kyau ga yanayin fiye da abinci mai nauyi na nama tun da abincin da ya ƙunshi abinci na tushen shuka zai rage yawan hayaƙin CO2.
Nama da cuku sun fi cutar da yanayin
Ko tsiran alade, cuku, ayaba, biscuits, ruwan inabi, ko giya - duk abin da aka samar a cikin kudi na muhalli. Kowane mataki na samarwa da tallace-tallace (namo, yi, marufi, ajiya, sufuri) yana samar da iskar gas kuma ta haka yana cutar da yanayin.
Nama mai sabo - cuku yana biye da shi - yana samar da mafi yawan iskar gas. Don haka zai zama da hikima matuƙa don bincika naman naman ku, tsiran alade, da yadda ake amfani da kayan kiwo - ba shakka kawai idan kuna sha'awar yanayi da yanayin.
A cikin wannan mahallin, masu binciken Amurka daga Jami'ar Michigan kwanan nan sun ba da rahoton cewa hayaki mai gurbata yanayi zai karu da kashi 12 cikin 2010 idan duk Amurkawa sun bi ka'idodin abinci mai kyau na hukumomin kiwon lafiya na Amurka ("Jagorancin Abinci ga Amurkawa, ").
Amma ta yaya abinci mai koshin lafiya zai kasance mai dacewa da yanayi?
Martin Heller da Gregory Keoleian na Cibiyar Kula da Tsarukan Dorewa ta Jami'ar Michigan sun auna hayakin CO2 daga samar da abinci na yau da kullun 100 kuma sun yi nazarin tasirin da zai iya yi idan al'ummar Amurka sun canza abincinsu bisa ga shawarwarin Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka. USDA, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka).
Binciken, mai suna "Kididdigar fitar da iskar gas na Greenhouse na zaɓin abinci na Amurka da asarar abinci," an buga shi a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2014, a cikin Journal of Industrial Ecology.
Heller da Keoleian sun gano cewa jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a ba su yi la'akari da muhalli sosai ba, balle yanayin yayin ƙirƙirar shawarwarin abinci na yanzu.
Duk da cewa za a rage cin nama, kaji, da kwai daga kashi 58 zuwa kashi 38 cikin 31, wanda hakan ba shakka zai rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli, a lokaci guda kuma ya kamata a sha da yawa, wato kashi 17 a maimakon kashi 2 na baya, wanda ke rage hayakin CO yanzu zai sake tashi.
Cin ƙarin 'ya'yan itace, hatsi gabaɗaya, da kayan lambu shine kyakkyawan ra'ayi, amma shawarwarin anan ya ɗan fi girma fiye da abincin Amurka na yanzu don haka ba ya rage yawan hayaƙin carbon.
Kisan yanayi no. 1: Shanu, takin zamani, da dogayen hanyoyin sufuri
Samar da abinci shine ke da alhakin kusan kashi 8 cikin na hayakin iskar gas na ƙasa a cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu, tare da samar da abinci na dabba da ke samar da carbon dioxide da yawa fiye da samar da abinci na tushen shuka.
Samar da naman sa da na kiwo yana da alaƙa da hayaƙin CO2 musamman tun da shanu da kiwo suna da ƙarancin canjin abinci don haka dole ne a noma abinci da yawa don kiwon su da abinci mai gina jiki.
Samar da abinci, a gefe guda, yana buƙatar yin amfani da takin wucin gadi da sauran kayan taimako, waɗanda dole ne a fara samar da su ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai ƙarfi da CO2. Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar man fetur mai yawa don aiki da kyau da kuma kula da barga da inji.
Abincin vegan zai zama mafita mafi kyau
Haka kuma an dade da sanin cewa shanu da shanu suna fitar da methane mai yawan gaske - daya daga cikin iskar iskar gas mai karfi - ta hanyar yawan fashewar su da iskar gas din hanji.
Don haka Heller da Keoleian sun kuma bayyana cewa noman naman sa kawai yana samar da kashi 36 cikin na yawan iskar gas da ake samarwa dangane da samar da abinci.
A cewar masanan biyu, idan yawan jama'a ya canza zuwa cin ganyayyaki kawai, hakan zai haifar da raguwa mafi girma a cikin hayakin da ke da alaƙa da abinci.
Tabbas, ba kowa ba ne ya canza zuwa cin ganyayyaki nan da nan, Heller ya kara da cewa, tunda dabbobi ma na iya zama wani bangare na noma mai dorewa. Amma raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin cin nama da kayan kiwo zai riga ya sami babban amfani - ba kawai ga yanayin ba har ma da lafiyar mutum.
Masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar Lancaster ta Burtaniya sun zo ga irin wannan shawarar.
Namomin kaza da kayan lambu masu ban mamaki tare da mummunan sawun yanayi
Masu binciken karkashin jagorancin Farfesa Nick Hewitt daga Jami'ar Lancaster sun yi nazari kan nau'o'in abinci daban-daban guda 61 dangane da lalacewar yanayinsu.
Sun gano cewa ana samar da kilogiram 17 na carbon dioxide a kowace kilogiram na nama, kilogiram 15 na CO2 a kowace kilogiram na cuku, da kilo 9 na CO2 a kowace kilogiram na naman alade.
Kodayake namomin kaza da kayan lambu masu ban sha'awa ko 'ya'yan itatuwa suma zasu haifar da hayakin carbon dioxide mai yawa (kimanin kilogiram 9, watau kama da naman alade), waɗannan abincin wani abin al'ajabi ne kawai a cikin abinci na tushen shuka.
Maganin: kwayoyin halitta, yanayi, da yanki - kuma ba shakka vegan
Idan kuna cin abinci na yanki da na yanayi wanda baya buƙatar wuraren zama ko kuma dogon hanyoyin sufuri, to yana samar da ƙasa da kilogiram 2 na carbon dioxide a kowace kilogiram na abinci, wanda yayi daidai da kashi ɗaya bisa takwas na adadin CO2 da ake samarwa a cikin samar da nama. .
Farfesa Hewitt ya bayyana cewa, noma na masana'antu musamman yana samar da iskar gas mai yawa, don haka kowannensu zai iya ba da babbar gudummawa wajen rage yawan iskar carbon dioxide a cikin yanayi:
Na farko, ta hanyar zabar samfuran halitta da yanki, na biyu kuma, ta zaɓin abincin da ya dace, wato wanda ya fi dacewa da shuka.
Hewitt da abokan aiki sun buga sakamakon binciken su a cikin mujallar Energy Policy kuma sun sanar:
Idan kowane ɗan Biritaniya ya zama mai cin ganyayyaki ko kuma aƙalla mai cin ganyayyaki, wannan kaɗai zai iya ceton tan miliyan 40 na iskar gas, wanda ya yi daidai da kusan kashi 50 na adadin iskar gas da ke tserewa daga zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a Burtaniya kowace shekara.
