Emma Miller
Yog vim li cas chocolate tau txais ib txheej dawb? Tej zaum txhua tus neeg uas nyiam chocolate tau nug lawv tus kheej lo lus nug no vim lawv tau ntsib dua li lub tswv yim xws li dawb los yog "blooming" chocolate.
Qhov tshwm sim coj txawv txawv no tau ua chocolatier qhov ua kom yuam kev txij li lub ntiaj teb pib ua cov khoom qab zib hauv nruab nrab-1800s thaum British confectioner Joseph Fry pom tias chocolate tuaj yeem tawv yog tias cov cocoa butter tau ntxiv rau Dutch cocoa.
Qhov tseeb, txheej txheej dawb tseem yog "qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom lag luam chocolate tiav," hais tias Michael Laiskonis, kws ua zaub mov noj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Nov yog yam koj yuav tsum paub ua ntej koj mus tom ntej mus rau qhov khoom qab zib aisle.
Cov txheej txheem chocolate yog dab tsi?
Muaj ob hom chocolate txheej: rog thiab qab zib. Cov roj txheej zoo li me ntsis zoo li "qhov chaw ntawm lub hli," hais tias Nick Sharma, tus kws paub txog tsiaj keeb kwm molecular hloov tus sau phau ntawv qhia. Cov qhob noom xim kasfes tuaj yeem tshwm chalky, nrog sib dua xim av thiab grey streaks, hais tias Christopher luj tshib, tus tswv ntawm lub khw chocolate eponymous hauv Kansas City.
Lub caij no, cov suab thaj "greying" feem ntau yog cov xim dawb dawb lossis txawm tias muaj plua plav, hais tias Suzanne Yoon, tus tsim ntawm Stick With Me Sweets, New York chocolate shop.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim los qhia qhov txawv. Raws li Laiskonis, rog thiab qab zib "greying" tuaj yeem tshwm sim ib txhij. "Qee lub sij hawm qhov pom kev cuam tshuam me me, thiab chocolate tsuas yog poob nws ci ci." Txawm tias muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws, rog thiab qab zib greying yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam.
Dab tsi ua rau chocolate tawg?
Fatty "greying" feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom lossis khaws cov qhob noom xim kasfes. Thaum tempered kom zoo-cov txheej txheem cua sov thiab cua txias uas stabilizes thiab hardens cocoa, cocoa butter, thiab qab zib-chocolate ua "ci thiab crispy thiab melts nyob rau hauv lub cev kub," hais tias tsw tus kws tshawb fawb Ariel Johnson. Tab sis yog tias koj cia cov qhob noom xim kasfes kub dhau, cov roj muaju yuav yaj thiab "recrystallize rau hauv cov duab tsis ruaj khov," Laiskonis hais. Qhov no yog dab tsi tsim cov tsos ntawm "rog streaks nyob rau saum npoo ntawm chocolate," Yoon ntxiv.
Sarah Flanders, tus tswv cuab ntawm Salt Rock Chocolate Co. qee zaum ntsib cov greasy thaj ua rau thaj thaum nws tempers chocolate ua apricots, Grape-Nuts bars, thiab cashew txiv ntoo pawg. "Yog hais tias cov qhob noom xim kasfes kub dhau thaum peb ua nws, cov cocoa butter yuav sib cais, nce mus rau saum npoo thiab tawv, tawm hauv cov roj dawb seem," nws hais. "Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias chocolate tsis tawv sai txaus," nws piav qhia.
Raws li Laiskonis, ntau lwm yam tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj roj dawb hauv cov qhob noom xim kasfes, xws li cov roj tawm mus sab nraud los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov txiv ntoo uas muaj chocolate. Txawm hais tias txhua hom qhob noom xim kasfes tuaj yeem tsim muaj cov rog rog, "cov qhob noom xim kasfes tsaus yog qhov raug mob tshaj plaws," Laiskonis hais. "Nws feem ntau ntseeg tias me me ntawm cov mis nyuj muaj roj pom hauv cov mis nyuj thiab cov qhob noom xim kasfes dawb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws txoj kev tsim rau qee yam."
Ntawm qhov tod tes, qab zib whitening tshwm sim thaum chocolate los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog noo noo. Qab zib yog hygroscopic, hais tias Sharma, uas txhais tau hais tias nws "absorb noo noo." Yog tias huab cua tshwj xeeb, cov suab thaj yuav nqus cov kua, yaj, thiab tom qab ntawd tig mus rau hauv cov muaju loj uas yuav rov qab los rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm chocolate.
Raws li Laiskonis, kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog dej lossis ib puag ncig hloov pauv sai, xws li txav cov khoom los ntawm qhov txias mus rau qhov sov sov, tuaj yeem ua rau lub bar condense, uas tseem ua rau qab zib greying.
Chocolate nrog txheej dawb: koj puas tuaj yeem noj nws?
Cov txheej txheej chocolate yuav zoo li tsis noj qab haus huv, tab sis nws muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li noj. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias koj yuav xav noj nws, vim qhov saj thiab kev ntxhib los mos yuav txawv.
Laiskonis hais tias "Lub paj feem ntau ua rau cov qhob noom xim kasfes ntawm qee qhov nws nyiam tshaj plaws," Laiskonis hais. Raws li lub luj tshib, qhob noom xim kasfes nrog cov roj txheej yuav ua tau zoo ib yam li cocoa butter. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog me ntsis "waxy lossis crumbly piv rau tempered thiab khaws cia chocolate," Johnson ntxiv. Raws li Laiskonis, qhob noom xim kasfes nrog cov qab zib txheej zoo li yuav muaj "grainy" qhov ncauj.
Dawb txheej ntawm chocolate - yuav ua li cas tshem nws?
Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom zam tau cov qhob noom xim kasfes "grey," tab sis kev cia kom zoo yeej pab tau. "Yuav tiv thaiv koj cov kab los ntawm ob hom kev tawg paj, xyuas kom lawv tau zoo qhwv thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav," Johnson hais. Qhov no txwv tsis pub lub tub yees, "uas yog ntub dhau." Yog tias koj nyob hauv qhov chaw kub heev uas lub tub yees yog koj txoj kev xaiv nkaus xwb, nws qhia kom npog cov qhob noom xim kasfes kom nruj nrog cov yas qhwv thiab muab cov tuav rau hauv lub hnab zip-saum kom tsis txhob ya raws los ntawm kev nkag mus.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias chocolate hloov dawb?
Chocolate discoloration tsis txhais hais tias qhov kawg ntawm koj cov khoom noj. "Chocolate tseem zoo rau yaj, ci, lossis ua noj," Elbow hais. Sharma qhia kom yaj cov qhob noom xim kasfes los ua ib qho txhaws, lossis txiav nws thiab siv nws hauv cov khoom ci zoo li ncuav qab zib. Thaum qhov teeb meem ntawm cov piam thaj dawb tshwm sim, Laiskonis siv nws los ua mousse lossis ganache, "qhov twg cov piam thaj loj dua yuav yaj," nws hais. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem noj nws xwb.
