John Myers
Seb chanterelle, porcini, nceb, los yog oyster nceb - peb cov nceb noj hauv zos muaj tsawg kawg yog ob yam sib xws: Lawv saj qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo!
Noj qab nyob zoo nceb nrog tshuaj muaj zog
Cov nceb noj tau feem ntau qis dua thiab feem ntau tsuas yog noj me me xwb. Tsis tshua muaj leej twg paub tias nceb, shiitake, thiab oyster nceb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Txawm hais tias muaj cov nceb tshwj xeeb tshuaj, feem ntau yog los ntawm Asia thiab tau noj raws li kev noj haus los yog tshuaj, xws li B. Cordyceps nceb, uas ua rau koj muaj zog thiab muaj txiaj ntsig los yog cov nceb tshuaj ntsuab Reishi, uas tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav, txo qhov mob hauv caj dab thiab detoxifies lub siab.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tsom mus rau cov nceb noj tau, uas tseem muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab koj tuaj yeem yooj yim suav nrog lawv hauv koj tus kheej txoj kev npaj zaub mov ntau dua.
Kingdom of Mushrooms
Mushrooms yog tiag tiag zoo kawg nkaus creatures vim hais tias lawv yog hybrids ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag thiab tsim ib tug kiag li ywj siab lub nceeg vaj ntawm cov creatures. Txawm hais tias lawv nyob twj ywm zoo li cov nroj tsuag, lawv ua pa oxygen - zoo li tsiaj thiab tib neeg - thiab noj cov khoom siv organic (xws li ntoo, kab). Tsis tas li ntawd, fungi muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm tes zoo li cov nroj tsuag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov phab ntsa ntawm tes ntawm cov fungi tsis yog ua los ntawm cellulose, tab sis ntawm chitin, zoo li lub plhaub ntawm kab.
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 100,000 hom nceb tau paub thoob ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, tab sis nws tau kwv yees tias yuav muaj ntau tshaj li tsib lab. Txhua hom ntawm nceb yog endowed nrog ib tug yam ntxwv architecture. Thaum cov nceb nce hauv av, lawv pom kev ntseeg siab - nrog lub kaus thiab lub kaus mom. Tab sis dab tsi xaus rau hauv peb lub lauj kaub ua noj tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov fungus tiag tiag.
Vim hais tias qhov no tsuas yog lub cev fruiting, uas tsuas yog tshwm sim sporadically thiab yog siv rau kev yug me nyuam. Tus so ntawm cov fungus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua mycelium underground los yog nyob rau hauv cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo. Lub mycelium, uas tuaj yeem pom qhov muag piv rau cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag, yog tsim los ntawm cov xov ntev heev, nyias nyias (hyphae) uas pab nqus dej thiab zaub mov.
Feem ntau cov fungi nkag mus rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov nroj tsuag. Lub hyphae qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov ntoo hauv cov av thiab nqus cov suab thaj uas tsim los ntawm tsob ntoo. Nyob rau hauv rov qab, cov fungi muab cov ntoo nrog cov as-ham. Qee hom fungi thiab nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb yog ze.
Piv txwv li, B. lub bolete los yog saffron feem ntau yog nyob ntawm ko taw ntawm ntoo thuv, thaum lub birch fungus - raws li lub npe qhia - nyiam lub tuam txhab ntawm birch. Qhov no kuj yog vim li cas vim li cas cov neeg xaiv nceb paub meej qhov twg cov txiv neej nyiam nyob hauv hav zoov.
Noj nceb hauv chav ua noj
Tus txiv neej tau noj nceb txij thaum Lub Sij Hawm Pob Zeb. Txawm nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub thiaj li hu ua edible nceb tau khaws cia los ntawm qhuav lawv thiab khaws cia rau lub caij ntuj no hnyav. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, lawv tau pom raws li cov neeg pluag zaub mov, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Baroque era, lawv tau rov hais dua ib tug tiag tiag delicacy.
Mushrooms yog thawj cov nceb tau cog rau hauv Tebchaws Europe - ntau qhov tseeb hauv Fabkis - nyob ib ncig ntawm 1650. Txawv hauv Nyiv: Ntawm no z. B. Shiitake nceb tau cog rau tsawg kawg 2,000 xyoo.
Niaj hnub no, cov nceb noj tau zoo siab rau lub koob npe nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj muaj ntau yam sib txawv: koj tuaj yeem noj cov nceb nyoos, kib lawv, stew lawv lossis boil lawv. Mushrooms pickled nyob rau hauv roj los yog vinegar los yog hauv av rau ib tug hmoov kuj siv nyob rau hauv lub chav ua noj. Cov nceb qhuav tuaj yeem siv tau, tab sis yuav tsum tau ua ntej soaked ua ntej noj lossis ua ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv Central Europe ib leeg muaj ntau pua hom nceb nceb, nrog pob nceb, chanterelles, oyster nceb, porcini nceb, morels, truffles, tiag tiag stimulating nceb, thiab shiitake nceb yog cov nyiam vim lawv tuaj yeem yuav luag txhua qhov chaw. Tab sis kuj tsis tshua muaj neeg paub zoo, xws li violet knightling, uas yog txiav txim siab los txo cov ntshav siab, yog cov nceb zoo heev.
Mushroom noj qab nyob zoo vim…
...lawv yog cov khoom lag luam zoo ntawm tag nrho cov khoom noj tseem ceeb:
Nceb muab cov protein muaj txiaj ntsig
Qee cov nceb muaj protein ntau ntau piv rau ntau hom zaub - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog porcini nceb nrog 5.5 feem pua ntawm cov protein. Mushrooms, oyster nceb, thiab chanterelles tseem muab 2 mus rau 3 feem pua tab sis tsis muaj protein ntau dua li spinach lossis broccoli.
Dietary fiber nyob rau hauv nceb
Cov nceb muaj fiber ntau, uas txhawb kev zom zaub mov, tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm plawv nres. Txawm hais tias German Society for Nutrition (DGE) pom zoo 30 g ntawm kev noj haus fiber ntau hauv ib hnub, tsuas yog 20 g tau noj nyob rau nruab nrab hauv cov teb chaws industrialized.
Mushrooms yog siab nyob rau hauv hemicellulose, fiber ntau uas tsim kom muaj kev xav ntawm satiety, uas yuav muaj kev txaus siab rau cov neeg uas rog dhau. Nws kuj ua rau cov quav ntau ntxiv thiab ua kom cov zaub mov nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nceb yog cov khoom noj fiber ntau chitin twb tau hais. Qhov no kuj yog vim li cas qee cov neeg tsis tuaj yeem zom cov nceb tau yooj yim. Hloov pauv, kev zom zaub mov tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm ntev yog tias nceb tau txais kev pab ntau dua.
Tswv yim: Qhov finer koj chop cov nceb los yog qhov zoo dua koj zom koj cov nceb noj, qhov ntau digestible chitin yog.
Cov khoom noj fiber ntau nyob ntawm seb hom nceb. Yog li, piv txwv li, 100 g tshiab nceb muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 2 g, chanterelles 5.5 g, porcini nceb 7 g, thiab truffles mus txog 16 g fiber. Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv, ntawm cov zaub, ntsuab peas yog cov frontrunners thiab muaj ib ncig ntawm 5 g ntawm fiber.
Cov minerals nyob rau hauv nceb
Nceb muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov zaub mov xws li potassium, hlau, selenium, thiab zinc.
Poov tshuaj
Potassium deficiency tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev poob qab los noj mov, cov leeg nqaij so, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub plawv cov leeg. Cov nceb yog cov khoom noj uas muaj poov tshuaj ntau tshaj plaws thiab muaj xws li B. 20 feem pua ntawm cov poov tshuaj ntau dua li cov nqaij. Mushrooms, chanterelles, thiab porcini yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog noteworthy ntawm no, qhov pom zoo noj txhua hnub ntawm cov poov tshuaj tuaj yeem them txog 30 feem pua ntawm cov nceb tshiab.
Hlau
Qee cov nceb xws li B. lub chanterelle - yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thiab yog li tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav qab zib (anemia), tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab ntau lwm yam tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau tsis txaus nrog kev noj tsis tu ncua. 100 g ntawm chanterelles tshiab muaj 6.5 mg ntawm hlau, uas npog ib nrab ntawm cov kev xav tau niaj hnub ntawm 10 mus rau 15 mg.
selenium
Selenium tiv thaiv cov dawb radicals, ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab ua kom cov thyroid hormones. DGE pom zoo kom 30 mus rau 70 µg selenium ib hnub twg rau cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov neeg laus vim tias cov neeg uas haus cov kab mob tsawg dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob ntau ntxiv. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev tsis txaus ntawm selenium thiab cov kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob plawv, thiab mob rheumatism. Yog li ntawd nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los noj cov zaub mov uas muaj selenium, suav nrog nceb.
Cov nceb porcini ib txwm nyob rau hauv peb hav zoov yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm selenium, 100 g muaj ib tug whopping 184 µg. Hauv kev sib piv, cov ntsiab lus selenium ntawm cov nceb shiitake yog 76 µg thiab cov nceb birch yog 8 µg.
zinc
Txawm hais tias metabolism, lub cev tsis muaj zog, lossis cov tshuaj hormones: Zinc ua tiav ntau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Raws li Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (WHO), qhov pom zoo txhua hnub ntawm zinc yog 12 txog 15 mg.
Cov ntsiab lus zinc ntawm nceb yog piv rau cov ntses thiab nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.5 thiab 1 mg. Tsuas yog qis dua 0.9 mg, oyster nceb nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov ntsuas no, thaum porcini nceb nyob deb dhau qhov ntawd, uas yog muab 1.5 mg ntawm zinc.
Cov vitamins hauv nceb
Cov nceb kuj tseem pab kom npog txhua hnub uas yuav tsum tau muaj vitamin A, vitamin B, thiab vitamin D.
vitamin A
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis muaj vitamin A muaj xws li B. ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob ntau ntxiv, cov plaub hau qhuav mus txog plaub hau, qhov muag tsis pom kev, tsis muaj hlau, thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Vitamin A feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg tsiaj, tab sis nws cov precursors, xws li B. cov beta-carotene, kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab nceb thiab hloov mus rau hauv vitamin A nyob rau hauv lub cev.
Qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub xav tau yog 1 mg ntawm vitamin A, uas sib haum rau 6 mg ntawm beta-carotene. 100 g ntawm chanterelles tshiab muaj 0.2 mg ntawm vitamin A, uas koj tuaj yeem npog 20 feem pua ntawm koj qhov kev xav tau txhua hnub.
Vitamin B
Tsis tas li ntawm cov vitamins B, cov nceb yuav tsum tsis txhob thuam. B. 100 g ntawm nceb tshiab muaj 35 feem pua ntawm qhov pom zoo noj txhua hnub ntawm vitamin B5 thiab 28 feem pua ntawm cov vitamin B2, thaum oyster nceb muaj txog li 0.2 mg ntawm vitamin B1 thiab qhov yuav tsum tau them yog 20 feem pua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nceb kuj yog ib qho khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm niacin thiab yuav tsum sib npaug nrog cov nqaij thiab ntses hauv qhov kev hwm no. Koj tuaj yeem them 100 feem pua ntawm koj qhov kev xav tau niacin (B3) txhua hnub nrog 100 g ntawm cov chanterelles tshiab.
vitamin D
Hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, txog li 90 feem pua ntawm cov neeg laus raug kev txom nyem los ntawm vitamin D tsis txaus.
Vitamin D tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lub cev nws tus kheej. Cov zaub mov, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsuas yog ua rau me me kom npog cov vitamin D xav tau thiab yog li yuav luag tsis saib xyuas. Tsuas yog ntses muab cov vitamin D muaj feem cuam tshuam. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog lo lus nug rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij lossis vegans. Nceb tuaj yeem pab tawm ntawm no. Txawm hais tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem them cov vitamin D yuav tsum tau, koj tuaj yeem pab them rau nws - xws li 2 mus rau 3 µg ntawm vitamin D.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nceb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj
Cov kws tshawb fawb Ancient twb paub tias cov nceb tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog ua zaub mov tab sis kuj yog tshuaj. Yog li sau z. B. Plinius tus Txwj Laug hauv nws txoj haujlwm "Naturalis Historia" (kev tshawb fawb ntuj) qee zaum hais txog kev kho cov nyhuv ntawm larch polypore, uas tau siv los tiv thaiv kab mob hauv plab hnyuv thiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Ntau lwm phau ntawv tshuaj ntsuab tau ua raws li ntau pua xyoo, xws li B. "tshuaj ntsuab phau ntawv" los ntawm Adamus Lonicerus, luam tawm xyoo 1679, uas cov nceb nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj qhov chaw tas mus li. Piv txwv li, Judas pob ntseg tau siv los kho cov qog nqaij hlav, stinkhorn pab tiv thaiv kab mob gout, thiab zib ntab fungus tau siv los ua laxative, uas lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe (Lub ntuj raug txim - lub ntsiab lus ntuj txiag teb tsaus - nyob rau hauv A) yuav tsum qhia unmistakably.
Tab sis tom qab ntawd cov kev paub txog kev kho cov khoom ntawm cov nceb noj tau poob ntau thiab ntau dua rau hauv oblivion - tsawg kawg nyob rau sab hnub poob. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias - sib nrug los ntawm nceb - tsis muaj leej twg paub yuav ua li cas lawv tuaj yeem cog thiab siv kev lag luam yog li tsis tuaj yeem ua tau.
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia - tshwj xeeb hauv Nyiv, Tuam Tshoj, Indonesia, thiab Kaus Lim Kauslim - qhov xwm txheej txawv heev. Ntawm no, qhov twg cov tshuaj niaj hnub thiab niaj hnub tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke nrog kev thaj yeeb, cov nceb tshuaj ntsuab yeej ib txwm nyiam qhov chaw tsis muaj zog. Myotherapy (cov tshuaj nceb) yog tus cwj pwm ntawm ib sab tes los ntawm kev coj noj coj ua qub ntawm naturopaths thiab ntawm qhov tod tes los ntawm kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam. Incidentally, lub sij hawm myotherapy tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau tus kws tshawb fawb nceb Prof. Jan Ivan Lelley thiab cov lus qhia hauv qab no los ntawm nws cov kev paub zoo heev.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, txawm li cas los xij, kev txaus siab rau cov khoom siv tshuaj ntawm cov nceb kuj tau rov ua dua nyob rau sab hnub poob ntiaj teb. Qhov kev txiav txim siab yog tias ntau thiab ntau tus neeg - txawm tias cov kws tshawb fawb lossis tsis yog - tau mob siab rau kev kho lwm txoj hauv kev (xws li tshuaj suav tshuaj). Kev paub tau rov tshawb pom tias tsis yog cov neeg Esxias nkaus xwb tab sis peb cov nceb ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Peb tam sim no xav qhia peb ntawm lawv rau koj kom ntxaws ntxiv.
Cov nceb tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav
Cov nceb tseem hu ua Egerlinge hauv cov teb chaws hais lus German thiab yog cov nceb nrov tshaj plaws. Muaj ntau hom nceb, tab sis ob-spored Egerling (Agaricus bisporus) yog ib qho muag muag. Qhov no hu ua cultivated nceb yog cov feem ntau cultivated nceb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no - ib ncig ntawm 1.5 lab tons yog tsim txhua txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab North America ib leeg.
Cov nceb yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg uas xav kom poob phaus, tab sis cov neeg mob gout, ntshav qab zib, thiab cov neeg mob ntshav siab yuav tsum suav nrog cov nceb cua hauv lawv cov zaub mov ntau dua. Cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj sodium thiab qabzib, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov poov tshuaj thiab vitamin ntau ntxiv nrog rau cov plab hnyuv siab raum ua rau qhov tseeb tias cov neeg mob tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb los ntawm nceb.
Cov nceb tseem tsis tau muaj kev lig kev cai ntev nyob rau hauv Asia, tab sis nws yog ib qho ntawm cov nceb tshuaj uas tau lees paub. Yog li, ib qho enzyme hu ua tyrosinase, z. B. tiv thaiv UV hluav taws xob, muab cov nyhuv antihypertensive. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob hauv Suav teb pom zoo kom cov niam pub niam mis noj nceb tsis tu ncua vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua mis ntau ntxiv.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov nceb - nrog rau pob nceb - tawm tsam cov qog. Suav cov kws tshawb fawb muaj z. Nws tau pom, piv txwv li, cov nceb extract tuaj yeem ua tiav 90 feem pua kev loj hlob inhibition hauv cov qog nqaij hlav malignant.
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Lub Nroog Hope Cancer Center ze Los Angeles kuj tau qhia tias cov nceb muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav thiab z. B. qeeb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog mis. Qhov no tshwm sim vim tias cov nceb inhibit qhov enzyme aromatase, uas yog koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj estrogen. Hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, noj nceb kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv.
daim ntawv thov:
Mushrooms tsis tshua muaj raws li cov nceb qhuav tab sis tuaj yeem yuav tshiab txhua xyoo puag ncig. Txhawm rau kom txaus siab rau lub zog kho ntawm nceb, txawm li cas los xij, 100 mus rau 150 g yuav tsum tau noj 2 mus rau 3 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam.
Oyster nceb tswj cov qib roj cholesterol
Cov nceb oyster lossis oyster nceb (Pleurotus ostreatus) tuaj yeem pom yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb. Nws loj hlob ntawm lub pob tw thiab ceg ntoo thaum nws pub rau ntawm lignin hauv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, hom beech yog nws nyiam nyob. Oyster nceb yog cov nceb noj tau zoo heev thiab yog li ntawd cog qoob loo ntau - nyob ib ncig ntawm 2.5 lab tons tau sau thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo.
Hauv TCM, cov nceb qhuav oyster yog siv xws li B. siv los ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg thiab so cov leeg. Tab sis oyster nceb kuj tau ua lub npe rau nws tus kheej hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub. Yog li nrhiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav z. B. nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj los kho lumbago thiab limb thiab tendon txhav, thaum nyob rau hauv Czech koom pheej oyster nceb extracts yog coj los tiv thaiv cov roj cholesterol siab.
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Leibniz University of Hanover tau qhia tias kev noj cov nceb nceb tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntshav rog.
20 cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj cov roj cholesterol siab me ntsis tso lawv tus kheej ntawm kev pabcuam kev tshawb fawb rau peb lub lis piam. Thaum ib pab pawg noj 600 ml ntawm qhuav oyster nceb kua zaub txhua hnub, pawg tswj hwm tau txais tib cov kua txiv lws suav. Hauv cov neeg kuaj mob uas tau noj cov nceb kua zaub, qhov txo qis hauv triglycerides - qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob plawv thiab o ntawm lub txiav - tau pom piv rau pawg tswj hwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txo qis hauv "phem" LDL cov roj cholesterol thiab tag nrho cov roj cholesterol concentration tau ntsuas hauv cov ntshav ntawm "piv txwv li nceb".
Tsis tas li ntawd, Slovak cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv hauv Bratislava tau pom tias cov nceb oyster yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav (3). Txhua tus neeg uas noj oyster nceb yog ua ib yam dab tsi zoo rau lawv cov hnyuv, uas yog qee zaum vim cov chitin. Cov hnyuv nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem siv cov chitin indigestible, tab sis cov kab mob hauv plab tuaj yeem. Tom qab noj cov nceb, tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob plab uas xav tau nce ntxiv thaum lawv pom cov polysaccharides uas pleev chitin tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qab. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, ib tug noj qab nyob zoo plab hnyuv flora milieu yog tsim, uas yog tshwj xeeb yog tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv.
daim ntawv thov:
Txhawm rau tswj cov roj cholesterol, 3 mus rau 9 g ntawm qhuav thiab hmoov oyster nceb tau pom zoo ib hnub. Cov hmoov nceb tuaj yeem muab coj los ua cov tshuaj ntsiav, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov tshuaj yej sov lossis kua zaub, piv txwv li.
Ink cap blocks qog cell
Tus number case cap (Coprinus comatus) tseem hu ua asparagus nceb lossis nceb nceb thiab yog ib txwm nyob rau Europe. Nws nyiam qhia nws tus kheej raws txoj kev thiab hauv cov nyom tab sis kuj tau pom peb lub nroog ua qhov chaw nyob rau nws tus kheej. Yog li txawm nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov vaj tsev nyob, feem ntau muaj ntau pawg ntawm Crested Tints. Cov nceb, nrog rau lawv cov yam ntxwv oval rau lub tswb-puab lub kaus mom, pub rau me me nematodes, uas nyob rau hauv lem qhia dab tsi zoo kawg nkaus creatures lub nceb yuav ua tau.
Tus number case cap tsuas yog suav hais tias yog cov nceb noj tau zoo heev hauv nws cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas txij li cov laus conspecifics yaj mus rau hauv cov kua dej zoo li tus number case - uas yog qhov uas nws lub npe los ntawm. Qhov tseeb, cov nceb decaying siv los ua ib hom cwj mem uas siv tau los sau nrog.
Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm tus number case cap yog tias nws yog ib qho ntawm ob peb cov nceb tuaj yeem cog tau. Qhov teeb meem nrog qhov no yog tias cov nceb yuav tsum tau siv sai heev txij li txawm tias cov qauv me me sai sai ua inky tom qab sau. Vim li no, Schopftintling feem ntau yog bred los ntawm cov neeg nyiam.
Hauv TCM, shaggy number case tau piav qhia tias txhawb kev zom zaub mov thiab tseem siv los kho hemorrhoids. Cov kws tshawb fawb Suav tau pom nyob rau hauv kev sim hais tias cov fungus muaj 100 feem pua txoj kev loj hlob-inhibiting nyhuv ntawm malignant qog ntawm connective thiab txhawb cov ntaub so ntswg thiab 90 feem pua ntawm Ehrlich's carcinoma (skin cell qog).
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Haifa hauv Ixayees tau qhia tias qee yam ntawm cov plaub hau shad thaiv cov chaw receptors rau cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej ntawm cov qog hlwb. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov qog noj ntshav raws li tshuaj hormones xws li mob qog noj ntshav mis lossis prostate tuaj yeem cuam tshuam zoo.
Cov ntshav qab zib txo cov nyhuv ntawm Schopftintling kuj tseem nthuav heev. Ib tug German mycologist hu ua Kronberger, uas nws tus kheej raug mob ntshav qab zib, tau sim nws tus kheej hauv xyoo 1960. Nws pom tias nceb txo cov ntshav qab zib. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau raug pov thawj nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb hais tias txawm ib tug me me ntawm cov fungus ua rau ib tug ntau dua tso tawm ntawm insulin los yog txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib nyob rau hauv hom 1 thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib thiab yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev inferior rau cov pa pa tshuaj - tab sis tsis muaj. ua rau muaj kev phiv.
daim ntawv thov:
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab tswj cov ntshav qab zib, nws yuav tsum tau noj tsis tu ncua - 100 mus rau 200 g ntawm nceb tshiab tau pom zoo ib hnub. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv 10 mus rau 20 g ntawm qhuav thiab hmoov nceb, uas - nyob ntawm seb koj nyiam - z. B. yogurts, kua zaub, los yog stews ntxiv. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov shad number case extract, uas yog ib nrab ib teaspoon mus rau tag nrho cov teaspoon ntawm cov extract yog tov nrog ib tug me ntsis dej los yog tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj yej ob zaug ib hnub twg. Kev kho mob nceb yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsawg kawg peb lub hlis.
Tus huab tais oyster nceb tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau kev nco
Tus huab tais oyster nceb ( Pleurotus eryngii ), tseem hu ua huab tais oyster nceb, loj hlob hauv Tebchaws Europe, txawm hais tias nws tsis tshua pom muaj nyob hauv cov tsiaj qus hauv tebchaws Yelemes. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm nws cov muaj zog, hearty aroma, uas dais ib tug zoo li tus porcini nceb. Cov nceb noj tau zoo muaj qhov zoo uas nws tseem nyob al dente thaum ua noj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tsis haum rau kev noj nyoos vim tias nws nyuaj rau zom.
Tus huab tais oyster nceb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv antioxidants thiab, raws li ib txoj kev tshawb no, yog li ntawd muaj peev xwm muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau Alzheimer's. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm Alzheimer's yog oxidative kev nyuaj siab.
Rau txoj kev kawm Taiwanese, nas tau pub huab tais oyster nceb rau rau lub lis piam. Tom qab lub sijhawm ntawd, nws qhov kev nco tsis txaus tau zoo heev, thaum cov quav hniav tso rau ntawm Alzheimer's tau poob qis. Cov kws tshawb fawb, yog li ntawd, xav tias huab tais oyster nceb tuaj yeem txhawb kev nco hauv tib neeg.
10 lub tswv yim los daws cov nceb
Prof. Lelley - tus kws tshawb fawb txog nceb paub zoo uas tus kws kho mob mycotherapy tuaj yeem taug qab tau - pom zoo: "Nqa cov nceb thiab koj yuav nyob ntev dua!" - tab sis tsuas yog tias tsis muaj toadstools lossis cov nceb uas tsis tau noj tau mus rau hauv lub lauj kaub ua noj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj lis cov nceb nrog kev saib xyuas, koj tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm ob qho tib si ua noj ua haus zoo thiab kho cov nyhuv ntawm "woodman".
Yog li koj tuaj yeem sau tau nceb
Cov nceb noj tau tuaj yeem sib sau hauv cov nyom thiab hav zoov txij Lub Xya Hli mus txog rau Kaum Ib Hlis, tab sis lub caij nplooj zeeg yog lub caij zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsuas yog cov qauv uas tuaj yeem paub meej meej raug tshem tawm. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej txog qee yam nceb, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj lawv, tab sis ua ntej, hu rau lub chaw qhia txog nceb.
Maj mam twist cov nceb tawm ntawm cov av. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev vim tias feem ntau muaj cov cim qhia tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov stems uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txheeb xyuas. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum npog lub qhov nrog av dua kom cov mycelium tsis qhuav tawm. Nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tso cov nceb me me nyob qhov twg, nrog rau cov qauv qub. Nco ntsoov tias feem ntau cov nceb lom tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm toadstools, tab sis los ntawm cov laus, rotten nceb.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los thauj cov nceb sau rau hauv cov pob tawb airy kom lawv nyob twj ywm ntev dua. Koj yuav tsum tau khaws cov nceb uas koj tsis tuaj yeem paub meej cais, vim piv txwv li, cov nceb tuag tuaj yeem hloov cov nceb zoo tshaj plaws rau hauv toadstools los ntawm kev tso cov spores.
Saib seb puas muaj tshuaj lom ob
Qee cov nceb noj tau muaj tshuaj lom ob zaug, uas koj yuav tsum tau qhia sib nrug thaum sau nceb. Qhov thib ob inedible ntawm porcini nceb, piv txwv li, yog lub gall boletus, uas qab qab heev iab. Cov tshuaj lom ob ntawm cov nyom nceb yog cov nceb tuag, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
Lub parasol, uas saj thiab tsw qab ntxiag nutty thiab muaj ib tug zawv zawg nplhaib hauv qab lub kaus mom, kuj muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm doubles, ib co ntawm cov tshuaj lom, lwm tus neeg tsis. Yog tias lub nplhaib (lub cuff) txav tsis tau, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias nws tsis yog lub kaus mom, tab sis tej zaum muaj tshuaj lom loj heev parasol nceb.
Tsis tas li, nrhiav seb puas muaj kev txwv kev sau lossis txwv hauv koj cheeb tsam.
Cov nceb puas khaws cov xov tooj cua thiab cov hlau hnyav?
Yuav luag 40 xyoo dhau los txij li thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib tsoo hauv Chornobyl - thiab qee cov nceb qus tseem kis tau los ntawm xov tooj cua. Qhov degree ntawm kev sib kis nyob ntawm qhov ntau thiab qhov chaw.
Cov kab mob tsawg tshaj plaws yog ntau yam uas loj hlob ntawm ntoo, piv txwv li B. oyster nceb, thaum z. B. txiv ntseej bolets raug suav hais tias yog cov kab mob hnyav heev. Russia thiab Ukraine yog qee zaum cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj tseem nyob sab hnub tuaj European lub teb chaws xws li Hungary thiab yav qab teb lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab Switzerland.
Txij li cov nceb kuj khaws cov hlau hnyav xws li cadmium lossis mercury, DGE pom zoo kom noj tsis pub ntau tshaj 250 g ntawm cov nceb qus hauv ib lub lis piam. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb thiab yog tias koj xav nyob rau sab nyab xeeb, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov nceb nceb.
Thaum koj yuav nceb
Ceev faj tsis yog thaum khaws cia xwb, tab sis kuj thaum mus yuav khoom hauv lub tsev loj. Nws tsis yog tsis yooj yim rau cov nceb uas twb lwj mus muab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov nceb feem ntau khaws cia tsis raug lossis ntev dhau. Thaum cov nceb lwj, co toxins tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob fungal. Yog li thaum koj yuav lawv, nco ntsoov tias cov nceb tsis tau ntim rau hauv airtight (xws li hauv cov yas).
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav qhuav, stained, los yog mouldy nceb. Rau cov qauv loj xws li porcini nceb, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev xeem tshiab: tsuas yog nias lub hau maj mam nrog koj tus ntiv tes ntsuas. Yog hais tias nws yog mos thiab muab txoj kev, lub nceb yog feem ntau yuav lwj.
Yuav khaws cov nceb li cas
Raws li koj twb paub lawm, nceb tsuas nyob tshiab rau ob peb hnub. Cov nceb qus tau zoo tshaj plaws npaj rau tib hnub. Txij li cov nceb yog qhov nkag siab heev rau lub teeb, cua sov, thiab siab, lawv yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv lub thawv cua-permeable los yog hauv ib lub hnab ntawv hauv zaub compartment ntawm lub tub yees.
Khov nceb
Mushrooms kuj zoo rau khov kom nce lawv lub txee lub neej. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum ntxuav lawv kom zoo, txiav lawv mus rau hauv slices los yog pieces thiab ces blanch lawv luv luv. Cias muab cov nceb hauv boiling dej salted, tshem tawm lawv thiab shock lawv nrog dej txias. Tom qab ntawd ntws cov nceb kom zoo. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias koj pat qhuav txhua daim ib tus zuj zus. Cov nceb tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub freezer li 6 lub hlis.
Pickle nceb
Sib nrug ntawm Tintlingen, koj tuaj yeem khaws tag nrho cov tub ntxhais hluas, khov kho, thiab tsis muaj kab mob tsis muaj kab mob hauv cov kua zaub, roj, lossis vinegar. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pickling nceb muaj xws li B. porcini, pob nceb, chanterelles, irritants, los yog butter nceb.
Yuav kom pickle nceb nyob rau hauv cov txiv roj roj, ua ntej boil 1 liter ntawm zoo wine vinegar, 0.5 liv dej, 2 tablespoons ntsev, thiab cov txuj lom ntawm koj xaiv, ntxiv 2 kg ntawm nceb thiab cia lawv ua noj rau 5 mus rau 10 feeb. Tom qab ntawd ncuav tawm lub brew, kis cov nceb tawm ntawm ib daim ntaub huv si, thiab tawm mus txias rau ob peb teev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj tsis txhob kov cov nceb boiled nrog koj txhais tes. Nyob rau hauv lub meantime, sterilize lub yuav tsum tau sealable ntim ntim.
Thaum kawg, sau lub khob nrog ib txheej ntawm nceb thiab npog lawv nrog cov roj txiv roj zoo - kom txog thaum lub khob puv - thiab kaw kom nruj. Nco ntsoov xyuas kom meej tias txhua qhov nceb tau zoo nrog cov roj txiv roj, txwv tsis pub, pwm yuav tsim.
Qhuav nceb
Nws kuj tsis yog foob pob ua ntxaij science kom qhuav koj cov nceb. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum txiav lawv nyob rau hauv ib nrab los yog hlais lawv nyias thiab ces qhuav lawv nyob ib ncig ntawm 40 degrees Celsius. Lub tshuab nqus dej ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no, tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv qhov cub. Koj tuaj yeem tso cov nceb hlais rau ntawm daim ntawv ci ci nrog daim ntawv ci los yog ntawm ib lub xov hlau khib. Xaiv lub convection muaj nuj nqi los yog cia lub qhov cub tawg qhib.
Lwm txoj hauv kev yog huab cua kom qhuav. Cov nceb kuj raug txiav rau hauv slices, threaded on strings, thiab dai nyob rau hauv ib tug sheltered qhov chaw (xws li qab nthab). Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, cov nceb pieces kuj tau muab tso rau ntawm ib daim ntaub los yog parchment ntawv thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub.
Cov nceb qhuav yuav tsum tau khaws cia airtight.
Npaj nceb
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lub ntsiab lus tsis yog siv cov kaus poom, vim ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb tau ploj mus los ntawm kev khaws cia. Cov nceb khov yuav tsum tsis txhob thawed ua ntej ua noj.
Ua ntej cov nceb qus tau npaj, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si. Koj tuaj yeem maj mam txhuam lawv hauv qab dej los yog qhuav lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob tso cov nceb hauv dej, vim tias lawv yuav tom qab ntawd zoo li daim txhuam cev thiab poob lawv cov aroma. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau pat lawv kom qhuav tom qab ntxuav. Cultivated nceb tuaj yeem wiped tawm nrog ib daim ntaub ntub dej.
Noj nceb nyoos?
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub tias feem coob ntawm cov nceb muaj tshuaj lom nyob rau hauv lawv lub xeev nyoos! Cov no suav nrog cov kab mob loj tshaj plaws uas tau cog qoob loo tab sis feem ntau tsis yog. Vim tias nceb, shiitake, thiab porcini nceb tuaj yeem noj nyoos hauv qhov ntau npaum li cas. 50 g, xws li B. Marinated thaum hmo ntuj (nyob rau hauv lub fridge) nyob rau hauv txiv qaub kua txiv, txiv roj roj, hiav txwv ntsev, qej, thiab tshuaj ntsuab.
Yog tias koj feem ntau tsis zam cov nceb zoo heev thiab muaj cov kab mob digestive rhiab heev, koj yuav tsum tau ua kom sov cov nceb no tsawg kawg 15 feeb, vim tias lawv nyuaj rau zom yog tias lawv tau siav rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Cov hauv qab no siv: qhov me me lawv raug txiav qhib, qhov yooj yim dua rau kev zom - txawm hais tias peb ib txwm taw qhia tias nws feem ntau tsis yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom uas yog qhov ua rau, tab sis qhov kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus thiab tsis kam zom ntau. Yog tias koj noj hauv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab zom tau yooj yim, koj mam li nco dheev tuaj yeem zam tau ntau yam khoom noj uas yav dhau los ua rau koj tsis xis nyob.
Koj puas tuaj yeem rov ua cov nceb?
Incidentally, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim reheat nceb tais diav. Tau ntau xyoo lawm muaj lus ceeb toom txog qhov no, tab sis qhov ntawd tsuas yog vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov hnub qub tsis muaj tub yees thiab cov nceb siav tau tawg yooj yim. Tab sis yog tias koj tso koj cov tais diav hauv lub tub yees thaum hmo ntuj, koj tuaj yeem sov nws thiab txaus siab rau nws hnub tom qab lossis hnub tom qab ntawd.
