Elizabeth Bailey
Mipukutu ya mkate kuyambira dzulo lake, zotsalira pachakudya chamadzulo, yoghuti yatha - pafupifupi matani 11 miliyoni a chakudya amatha ku zinyalala ku Germany chaka chilichonse. Timapereka malangizo kuti chakudya chochepa chimathera mu bin mosafunikira.
Kaloti amafota, mipukutuyo ndi yolimba kwambiri ndipo tsiku labwino kwambiri la yogurt ladutsa: pafupifupi, German aliyense amataya makilogalamu 82 a chakudya chaka chilichonse. Zambiri zomwe zimathera mu bini sizikhala momwemo. Chakudya chochuluka chomwe chimatayidwa sichingowonongeka ayi, zomwe zimangokhala sizikutikwanira.
Malangizo ochepetsera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimathera mu zinyalala
Boma likufuna kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chakudya ndi theka pofika chaka cha 2030. Ngati titakwaniritsa cholingacho, dziko la Germany lokha likhoza kupulumutsa matani 38 miliyoni a mpweya woipa wowononga dziko. Izi ndizoposa theka la kuchuluka kwa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera ku ulimi waku Germany mu 2020, malinga ndi WWF.
Ndibwino kuti tiyambe lero - nawa maupangiri athu azakudya zochepa m'zinyalala:
1. Pewani kugula zinthu zosafunikira ndi kugula zinthu zolakwika
Ngati muli panja ndi mndandanda wazinthu zogulira ndikuyika zomwe zili pangolo yogulira m'ngolo yogulira, mudzagula zinthu zochepa zosafunikira. Zofunika: Musanapite kokagula zinthu, yang'anani katundu kunyumba kuti muwone ngati couscous, mandimu ndi zitsamba zidakali zokwanira.
2. Kumvetsetsa bwino tsiku lisanafike molondola
Malinga ndi malamulo aku Europe, moyo wa alumali wocheperako uyenera kufotokozedwa pafupifupi pazakudya ndi zakumwa zonse. Komabe, tsiku labwino kwambiri (MHD) si tsiku lotha ntchito. Ndi "chitsimikizo chatsopano" kuchokera kwa wopanga, kunena kuti chinthu chomwe chagulidwa ndi chotsimikizika kuti chidzasunga kukoma kwake, mawonekedwe ake ndi mtundu wake mpaka pano. Pofuna kupewa mikangano yamilandu yomwe ingachitike, MHD nthawi zambiri imayikidwa mwachidule ndi wopanga. Komabe, zakudya zambiri zimakhalabe bwino kwa nthawi yayitali.
Greenpeace yayesa nthawi yayitali bwanji chakudya chikadadyedwa tsiku lomaliza ntchito. Chotsatira chodabwitsa: Zakudya zitatu mwa zisanu ndi zitatu zinali zodyedwabe pakatha milungu 16 tsiku lopambana litatha. Izi ndizo yogurt, yoghurt ya soya ndi tofu. Salami, tchizi ndi makeke zinakhalanso kupitirira tsiku labwino kwambiri lisanafike.
Tsiku labwino kwambiri lisanachitike sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi tsiku logwiritsira ntchito: chakudya chomwe chadutsa tsiku logwiritsira ntchito chiyenera kutayidwa.
3. Khulupirirani mphuno ndi maso anu - osati MHD
Kodi simukutsimikiza ngati mungasangalalebe ndi chakudya ngakhale chadutsa tsiku lake labwino kwambiri lisanakwane? Khulupirirani maganizo anu. Mphuno yanu ndi maso anu ndi kalozera wabwino kuposa tsiku lisanafike. “Aliyense amene amayang’ana, kununkhiza, kuyang’ana kusasinthasintha ndi kulawa pang’ono nthaŵi zambiri amapanga chiweruzo choyenera,” akutero Hanna Simons, mneneri wa bungwe la Greenpeace ku Austria.
Ndi mkaka, ndizosavuta kudziwa ngati mankhwalawo akadali abwino: kusinthika, kununkhira kowoneka bwino kapena kukoma ndizizindikiro kuti katundu wawonongeka. Ngati sizili choncho, nthawi zambiri imatha kudyedwa popanda kukayikira.
Kwa mpunga ndi pasitala wopanda mazira, moyo wa alumali umakhala wopanda malire.
Shuga, khofi, tiyi, zosungira, nyemba zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso zonunkhira zomwe zili m'matumba oteteza fungo zitha kusungidwa kwanthawizonse.
4. Moyo wachiwiri wa mkate, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba
Mlingo wanzeru umathandizira mkate wakale ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe sizili zatsopano. Zipatso zokhwima zimatha kuwiritsidwa mwachangu mu kupanikizana. Zipatso zakupsa zimapereka kukoma kwabwino kwambiri. Mbatata zokhwinya zimatha kusinthidwa kukhala mbatata yosenda. Kaloti zomwe sizili zatsopano zimakhala msuzi.
Mkate wouma ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma dumplings a mkate kapena croutons. Ngati mkate ndi wovuta kwambiri, mungagwiritse ntchito kupanga zinyenyeswazi. Zabwinonso: amaundana mkate usanakalamba ndi kuzizira ngati pakufunika.
5. Pitani mufiriji!
M'malo mwa "kuchoka mu bin!" zikutanthauza kuti kuyambira tsopano "kuchoka ku mufiriji!". Ngati mwapeza kuti mwagula buledi, ndiwo zamasamba, mkaka kapena tchizi wochuluka kwambiri, mukhoza kuzizira chakudyacho ndipo mwakutero kutalikitsa moyo wake.
6. Sungani bwino
Ikani katundu wam'chitini watsopano m'kabati kuseri kwa zomwe zinalipo kale. Mwanjira iyi, zazifupi zokhalitsa zimadyedwa koyamba.
Ndipo onetsetsani kuti mwasunga bwino zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba: tomato, mwachitsanzo, amamva kuzizira. Johanna Prinz anati: “Zimasiya kukoma m’furiji ndipo zimawonongeka msanga. Akulangiza kuti: Ndi bwino kuzisunga pamalo opanda mpweya komanso ozizira pa pantry. Garlic ndi anyezi amawola msanga. Asamasungidwe m’zotengera zopanda mpweya.
8. Kutaya chakudya kumayambira kumunda
Strawberries akhala chizindikiro cha zinyalala chakudya: mbali yaikulu ya zokolola amalima pansi, iwo kuvunda m'munda kapena kuthera biogas zomera. Zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa chakudya m'munda:
Gulani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba
Ngati n’kotheka, sankhani nokha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m’munda chilimwe chikubwerachi.
Funsani makamaka za "Class II" zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Pankhani ya kupanikizana okonzeka, zipatso zowuma ndi zosungira, perekani m'malo mwazogulitsa zakomweko.
9. Yatsani chakudya m’malo mochitaya
Sizingatheke nthawi zonse kumamatira ku ndondomeko ya chakudya ndendende, kapena banjalo limakhala ndi njala yochepa kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Kenako chakudya chimasiyidwa ndipo chimakhala chofooka, chofewa kapena cholimba ngati chasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
10. Chonde tayani zakudya zowonongeka
Kumbali ina, zotsatirazi zikugwiranso ntchito: chakudya chomwe chawonongeka ndi cha m'nkhokwe, osati pa mbale. Matenda oyambitsidwa ndi chakudya komanso nkhungu siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Ngati mkate wasanduka nkhungu, muyenera kutaya mkate wonsewo, ngakhale nkhunguyo inali yaying'ono. Zakudya za nyama ndi soseji zilinso m'zinyalala tsiku logwiritsidwa ntchito litadutsa.
Kupaka kwanzeru ndi tsogolo
Iwo sali ofala kwambiri chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo, koma kufufuza kwakukulu kukuchitika: Makampaniwa akhala akugwira ntchito yopangira ma CD anzeru kwa nthawi yaitali, omwe amayenera kupereka chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cha mankhwala. Bungwe la Federal Center for Consumer Protection limatchula njira zinayi zosiyana: zizindikiro za kutentha kwa nthawi, zizindikiro zatsopano, mawayilesi kapena ma barcode.
Mavuto amtundu wathu wotaya zinthu
Anthu athu okonda kutaya zinthu amabweretsa mavuto a makhalidwe abwino: timataya chakudya chimene chikanakhalabe chodyedwa - m'mayiko ena anthu amavutika kapena kufa ndi njala. Kutaya chakudya ndizovuta zachilengedwe. Zida zofunika zinagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga: mphamvu, madzi ndi zipangizo. Pafupifupi 3.3 gigatons of carbon dioxide ofanana amayambitsidwa ndi zomwe zimatchedwa kuwononga chakudya, malinga ndi Greenpeace. Magulu oteteza zachilengedwe amavomereza kuti zonyansa zambiri zimapeŵeka.
