John Myers
M'zaka za m'ma 1950, ofufuza a ku America adapeza kuti zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Choncho, zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri zinkaonedwa kuti ndizo zonse komanso mapeto a moyo wathanzi. Koma phunzirolo linalipidwa ndi makampani a shuga ndipo linali lolakwika. Izi tsopano zikuwonetsedwanso ndi kafukufuku wamkulu wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Phunziro: Anthu omwe amadya mafuta amakhala ndi moyo wautali
Pa kafukufuku wa PURE (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study) ofufuza adafunsa anthu 135,000 padziko lonse lapansi za kadyedwe kawo ndipo adawona kuti ndi angati mwa omwe adafunsidwa adamwalira pazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Zotsatira zake: anthu omwe amadya mafuta ambiri amakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha kufa kusiyana ndi omwe amadya mafuta ochepa.
Motero kafukufukuyu anatsimikizira pamlingo waukulu zotsatira za kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi asayansi a ku Spain zaka ziŵiri zapitazo: Panthaŵiyo, gulu lina linali litadya chakudya chambiri chamafuta ndi mafuta ochepa, ndipo magulu ena aŵiri anali atadya mafuta ambiri a azitona kapena mtedza. ndi ma carbohydrate ochepa. M’magulu onse aŵiri okhala ndi zakudya zonenepa kwambiri, 30 peresenti ya kudwala kwa mtima kunachitika mocheperapo kusiyana ndi gulu lazakudya zonenepa kwambiri, zamafuta ochepa.
Mafuta okhuta savulaza
Chodabwitsa pa kafukufuku wa PURE ndikuti anthu omwe makamaka amadya mafuta a saturated, monga mafuta a nyama ndi mkaka, nawonso adapindula. Pakadali pano, madokotala akhala akuda nkhawa kuti mafuta odzaza amawonjezera LDL, mwachitsanzo, cholesterol "yoyipa".
Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zimatha kukudwalitsani
Kupeza kwachiwiri kofunikira pa kafukufuku wa PURE ndikuti omwe amadya kwambiri ma carbohydrates ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kufa kuposa munthu amene amadya pang'ono mkate, pasitala, ndi mpunga. Ma carbohydrate amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Izi zimalepheretsa kuyaka kwamafuta, zimakupangitsani kukhala mafuta m'kupita kwanthawi, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi. Pakapita nthawi, kapamba amalemedwa ndipo mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga mellitus ukhoza kukula. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wa PURE akuwonetsa kuti zakudya zokhala ndi ma carbohydrate ambiri zitha kuonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa komanso kutenga matenda. Izi zinali zifukwa zazikulu za imfa mu kafukufukuyu.
Mbewu zonse ndi ndiwo zamasamba m’malo mwa shuga ndi tirigu
Komabe, asayansi sanasiyanitse mitundu yazakudya zomwe zimadyedwa. Akatswiri a kadyedwe kabwino amavomereza kuti zimapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu kaya mumadya chakudya chamafuta kuchokera ku shuga woyengedwa bwino kapena, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kumbewu kapena masamba. Ndizomveka kuganiza kuti ma carbohydrate ochokera ku shuga wokonzedwa, ufa wa tirigu, ndi zinthu zina zofananira ndizomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira zoyipa. Ayenera kusowa pazakudya momwe angathere.
Idyani masamba ambiri ndi mafuta abwino
Akatswiri amalangiza masamba ambiri ngati maziko a chakudya. Mafuta abwino nawonso ndi gawo lake chifukwa mafuta amadzaza inu ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati chonyamulira chofunikira. Masamba okonzedwa ndi mafuta ambiri amakoma ndikukhutitsa, kotero kuti simukhalanso ndi chilakolako cha chakudya chambiri cha pasitala kapena mkate.
The German Society for Nutrition (DGE) yakonzanso malingaliro ake: imalangiza kuchepetsa shuga ndi kudya mafuta ochepa. Pochita izi, DGE imatsatira zomwe zimachitika kwa akatswiri ambiri okhudzana ndi zakudya, omwe akhala akulimbikitsa kwa nthawi yaitali kuti azidya zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya chochepa chophatikizana ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta abwino.
Kafukufuku wa PURE sanenapo kanthu za gawo la mapuloteni muzakudya. Malinga ndi akatswiri, mapuloteni, pamodzi ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndiwo maziko a zakudya zabwino. Amawonetsetsa kukhutitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali ndikupatseni thupi zomanga zofunika zomanga minofu.
