John Myers
Nkhalango ndi chuma chenicheni cha dziko lathu lapansi. Nkhalango zikhoza kulimbana ndi umphaŵi wadzaoneni ndi miliri ya njala m’madera ambiri a dziko lapansi. Chifukwa nkhalango ndizomwe zimaperekera zakudya zabwino kwambiri. Tsopano dziko la ofufuza lazindikiranso kuti nkhalango zambiri sizingathetse vuto la nyengo, komanso vuto la njala. Osati nkhalango chabe, ndithudi. Yankho lake likanakhala minda ya m’nkhalango! Chakudya chochokera m'minda ya m'nkhalango ndi chopatsa thanzi, chotsika mtengo, komanso chathanzi!
Nkhalango: Magwero Athanzi Kwambiri a Chakudya
Munthu mmodzi pa anthu asanu ndi anayi alionse padziko lapansi ali ndi njala, makamaka ku Africa kapena ku Asia.
Mayiko osauka amapatsidwa chakudya cha ufa ndi tirigu kuti achepetse vuto la njala. Mutha kupulumuka nawo ngati kuli kofunikira, koma sizowoneka bwino pakapita nthawi - osati kwa anthu kapena tsogolo lawo.
Koma nkhalango sizikanangothetsa vuto la njala komanso mavuto ena ambiri. Sakanangopatsa anthu chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Nkhalango zingapangitsenso malingaliro - monga momwe zasonyezedwera ndi kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane ndi asayansi oposa 60 ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.
The Forest Report inasindikizidwa ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse la ofufuza za nkhalango - International Union of Forest Research Organisations (IUFRO).
Ikugogomezera kufunika kosunga kapena kubwezeretsa mwayi wopita ku nkhalango kwa anthu osauka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chifukwa chakuti nkhalangoyi imaimira magwero abwino koposa ndi athanzi la chakudya. Osati zokhazo!
Nkhalango zimapulumutsa miyoyo!
Nkhalango zimaperekanso malo okhala, nkhuni, ndi zomangira, zimatha kuchepetsa kusintha kwa nyengo, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo zimateteza ku mphepo yamkuntho ndi kuopseza kwa nthaka ya nthaka paliponse - zomwe sitinganene za minda yathu yachikhalidwe nkomwe.
M'malo mwake! Mphamvu zopangira minda nthawi zonse zimakhala zochepa, dothi likucheperachepera, mphepo ikuwomba mopanda kuwongolera ndipo, chodabwitsa, nkhalango zambiri zikuwonongedwa kuti apange minda yatsopano.
Kunena zoona, kukula kwa malo olimidwa ndi kumene kukuchititsa kuti 73 peresenti ya nkhalango ziwonongeke padziko lonse.
Komabe, zikuwonekeratu kuti chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi sichingadyetsedwe ndi ulimi wamba wamba.
Komabe, nkhalango zikanatha kupereka chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri m’madera ambiri amene akuvutika ndi njala ndi umphaŵi.
Nkhalango zimatsutsana ndi nyengo ndi nyengo
"Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zaulimi kumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha nyengo yoipa, zomwe zitha kuchitika pafupipafupi mtsogolomu chifukwa cha kusintha kwanyengo.
Umboni wa sayansi umasonyeza kuti nkhalango pano ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zosavuta kuzisamalira, "anatero Christoph Wildberger, wogwirizanitsa bungwe la Global Forest Expert Panel Initiative (GFEP), lomwe linayambitsidwa ndi IUFRO.
Ndipo Bhaskar Vira waku University of Cambridge, yemwe ndi wapampando wa Global Forest Expert Panel on Forests and Food Security, akuwonjezera kuti:
"Mukafukufukuyu, tikuwonetsa zitsanzo zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimafuna kuwonetsa bwino momwe nkhalango ndi mitengo zilili zothandiza kwambiri pazaulimi ndipo - makamaka m'madera omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tsoka - zitha kuthandizira kupeza ndalama za anthu okhala kumeneko. .”
Pansanja zinayi za dimba la nkhalango
Zoonadi, sitikunena za kulimidwa kofananako kumene tsopano kumatchedwa nkhalango m’maiko otukuka. Pakuti ngakhale nkhalango ya mitengo ya spruce kapena mitengo ya thundu sizingadyetse munthu.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, nkhalango zakalekale, zomwe zimatchedwa minda ya m’nkhalango, n’zofunika kwambiri. Izi ndi zikhalidwe zosakanikirana zomwe zimayikidwa pa "nkhani" zingapo ndipo zimafuna chisamaliro chochepa.
- Zitsamba, zomera zakutchire, ndi masamba osatha zimakula bwino pansanja yoyamba.
- Zitsamba za Berry pansanjika yachiwiri.
- Pansanjika yachitatu pali mitengo yazipatso yochepa ndi ya mtedza waung’ono, ndipo m’madera otentha mulinso nthochi ndi mapapaya.
- Pansanjika yachinayi, mitengo italiitali (monga mtedza, mapeyala), mitengo ya kanjedza (monga kokonati, madeti), ndi zomera zokwera (mphesa, zipatso za chilakolako, ndi zina zotero) zimamera pansi.
Moyo wochokera kunkhalango: chakudya, zomangira & mafuta
Nkhalango zamtunduwu zimapereka zakudya ndi zinthu zosiyana kwambiri:
Zipatso zamitengo ngati chakudya
Zipatso zamitengo si zipatso chabe monga momwe timazidziwira. Ndi zakudya zoyenera, ngakhalenso zakudya zokhazikika.
Kuphatikiza pa zipatso zanthawi zonse, zipatso zamtengowo zimaphatikizansopo mtedza, mapeyala, carob, durian, breadfruit, sapota, safe, ndi zipatso zina zambiri za kumadera otentha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso mapuloteni.
Zipatso zamtengo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi mchere wambiri ndipo zimatha kupereka maziko a zakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zathanzi kusiyana ndi zakudya zopangidwa ndi tirigu, mwachitsanzo.
Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo chambewu zouma za mtengo wa carob wa ku Africa kapena mtedza wa cashew waiwisi ndi wofanana kapena wochuluka kwambiri kuposa wa ayironi mu nyama ya nkhuku.
Zakudya za Zinyama - Nyama ya nyama zakuthengo
Kumene kuli nkhalango, kulinso nyama zambiri. Nyama zakuthengo zimapezanso malo awo okhala - ndipo pomwe pali mathithi amadzi, nsomba zimatha kugwidwa.
Kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, tizilombo timathandizanso kwambiri pazakudya. Mwachitsanzo, mphutsi yamafuta a sago palm weevil ndi gwero lofunikira la mapuloteni m'madera ena.
Ngati mukuona kuti ndi zoipa, ndi chifukwa chakuti simunazolowere. Kwenikweni, kudya mphutsi zodzaza dzanja sikuli konyansa ngati kudya chidutswa cha nyama. Ndipo mukadakulira kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, zikadakhala zabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi - monga momwe kudya nkhono ndichinthu chodabwitsa kwa munthu wa ku France kapena waku Spain.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapereka magwero otsika mtengo komanso ochulukirapo a mapuloteni, mafuta, mavitamini, ndi mchere - mwachidule, chakudya choyenera, osachepera poyerekeza ndi magwero a mapuloteni a nyama.
Chotsatira chake, nkhalango zambiri ndi madera a nkhalango ku Southeast Asia amayang'aniridwa kale ndi madera omwe ali m'deralo omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa tizilombo todyedwa.
nkhuni ndi zomangamanga
Nkhalango n’zodziwikiratu kuti palinso nkhuni ndi makala. Izi zimathandiza anthu kuwiritsa madzi ndipo motero amadziteteza ku matenda. Amatha kuphika chakudya komanso kutenthetsa nyumba zawo. Komanso mukhoza kumanga nyumba zamatabwa.
Zakudya ndi malo okhala ziweto
Nkhalango zimagwiranso ntchito monga malo okhala njuchi ndi tizilombo tina tomwe timatulutsa mungu ndipo motero zimapatsa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zabwino. Mofananamo, mitengo yambiri yodula mitengo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga chakudya cha ziweto, kotero kuti nkhalango za m’madera ambiri zipangitsa kupanga nyama ndi mkaka kukhala kothekera poyamba.
Nkhalango monga gwero la ndalama
Forest Report inanenanso kuti pafupifupi munthu wachisanu ndi chimodzi aliyense amadalira nkhalango kuti apeze chakudya kapena ngakhale kupeza ndalama.
Ku Sahel, mitengo ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana zimayimira pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya ndalama zonse, zomwe zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kupanga mtedza wa shea.
Kuonjezera apo, popeza kutsika kwabwino kwa nkhalango kumapangitsa kuti nkhalangoyi ikhale ndi gawo lalikulu la ndalama zapakhomo, pakufunika mwamsanga kuteteza nkhalango m'madera osauka a dziko lapansi kapena kubzala nkhalango - makamaka zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi chilala ndi chilala. kulimbana ndi capers zina zanyengo.
Mwachitsanzo, m’dziko la mu Africa la Tanzania, muli kale njira yowonjezeretsa ulimi wa mbewu zotchedwa Allan Lacki. Mafuta odyedwa atha kupezeka kuchokera ku izi, zomwe zingakhale ndi mwayi waukulu pamsika wapadziko lonse wazakudya.
Minda yankhalango yazakudya zathanzi padziko lonse lapansi
Choncho m’tsogolo, nkhalangoyi idzakhala ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri pakupanga chakudya padziko lonse lapansi.
Zipatso zake ziyenera kugwirizana ndi mbewu zanthawi zonse m'njira yoti pasakhale minda yowonjezera. Inde, zingakhale bwino kutembenuza minda kukhala minda yankhalango.
Komabe, izi sizophweka - osati kumadera aku Europe.
Ngati muli ndi munda, yesani kupeza chiphaso cha dimba la nkhalango ndiyeno mutulutse chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Sizikhala zophweka, koma wina ayenera kuyamba…
Sizidzakhala zophweka m'mayiko achitatu. Chifukwa Monsanto & Co amalamulira kumeneko, komanso m'nkhalango, simungathe kufalitsa mbewu zamtundu kapena kupopera Roundup…
M’nthaŵi zamavuto, nkhalango zikhoza kubwezera kupereŵerako kwa chakudya. Chifukwa chakuti pamene nyengo ya chilala, kutsika kwa mitengo ya zinthu m’misika, mikangano yankhondo, ndi mavuto ena zikafika, kupangidwa kwa chakudya choyenera kumaima. Nkhalango zikanakhoza kumugwira ndi kumuteteza.
Mwinamwake lipoti la nkhalango lingathandizenso kutsimikizira kuti nkhalango pomalizira pake zimapeza chiyamikiro choyenerera! Kupatula apo, zidawoneka posachedwa kutanthauzira komaliza kwa zolinga zokhazikika za bungwe la United Nations, zomwe, kuphatikiza pa zovuta zina zapadziko lonse lapansi, cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa umphawi ndi njala.
Lipoti la Wald likupereka zidziwitso zofunikira za momwe UN ingachite kuti ikwaniritse cholinga chake chothetsa njala padziko lonse pofika 2025.
Kukanakhala kodabwitsa chotani nanga ngati nkhalango ndi zakudya zake zikaloledwa kuchita mbali yaikulu m’zimenezi!
