John Myers
Zoposa theka la mitundu pafupifupi 560 ya njuchi zakuthengo ku Germany zili pangozi. Malo awo achilengedwe akuzimiririka.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe zothandizira zisa za njuchi zakuthengo ndi thunthu lamatabwa lolimba lomwe lili ndi mabowo, monga momwe timathandizira kumanga zisa m'misika yambiri.
Zofunika pollinators
Njuchi zakuthengo ndi achibale awo, mitundu yomwe imatulutsa mungu wa njuchi zakuthengo, ndi amodzi mwa anthu ofunikira kwambiri pa chilengedwe (ecosystem) omwe amapereka chithandizo kapena “opereka”. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa cha ntchito yawo ngati ma pollinators. Pafupifupi 80% ya mbewu zonse zimadalira pollination ndi njuchi. Akayendera maluwa a mitengo ya maapulo, yamatcheri, kapena sitiroberi, zipatsozo zimayamba kukula. Popanda njuchi, mashelufu athu a m’masitolo akuluakulu angakhale opanda kanthu. Njuchi zakuthengo ndizomwe zimatulutsa mungu wabwino kuposa njuchi za uchi. Kuwonjezera apo, zimauluka pamalo otsika kwambiri ndipo zimachititsa kuti maluwawo azitha kutulutsa mungu wamaluwa omwe njuchi za uchi sizingafikebe m’miyezi yozizira kwambiri.
Njuchi si njuchi chabe
Poyerekeza ndi njuchi za uchi, njuchi zakuthengo zogwira ntchito molimbika sizikhala m'gulu la njuchi. Mitundu yambiri ya njuchi zakutchire imakhala yokha ndipo sizitulutsa uchi. Komanso saikira mazira m’zisa, koma m’makola osungiramo zisa zomwe amawapeza m’chilengedwe kapena kumanga okha.
Ena amakumba maenje pansi, ena amawononga tsinde la zomera. Mitundu yambiri ya njuchi zakuthengo imamanga zisa zawo m’ngalande zodyeramo njuchi m’mitengo yakufa. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti m’nkhalango zathu zoyang’aniridwa bwino muli nkhuni zambiri zakufa komanso malo osungiramo malo abwino ndiponso malo ena okhalamo akutha, ndi nthawi yabwino yochirikiza njuchi zakuthengo – mitundu ya njuchi zakuthengo zikuwopsezedwa!
Thandizani njuchi zakutchire
Ngati mukufuna kuthandiza njuchi zakutchire, mukhoza kuchita zambiri ndi khama lochepa. Njuchi zakutchire zimafuna zomera zakutchire kuti zidzidyetse okha komanso ana awo. Chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njuchi zakutchire imakhalanso kunja ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka, ndikofunika kuwapatsa maluwa ambiri kuyambira masika mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Ngati muli ndi dimba, mutha kukhazikitsa ngodya yamaluwa yamtchire kapena dambo lamaluwa akutchire. Onetsetsani kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakanikirana ndi tizilombo komanso, koposa zonse, zomera za m'madera. Makhonde ndi mazenera ndi abwino chifukwa maluwa akutchire amatha kupeza malo ngakhale malo ochepa.
N’zothekanso kupatsa njuchi zakutchire pomanga zisa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe zothandiza pomanga njuchi zakutchire ndi thunthu lamatabwa lolimba lomwe lili ndi mabowo. Timabowo ting’onoting’ono ta tsindelo timatsanzira njira zodyeramo tizilombo tomwe timakhala m’chilengedwe.
Thandizo lathu lodyera njuchi zakuthengo - laling'ono koma lothandiza
Mahotela opitilira 90% a tizilombo pamsika masiku ano ndi achabechabe kapena owopsa ku njuchi zakuthengo. Chitsanzo: nthawi zambiri mahotela a tizilombo amaperekedwa ndi zinthu zodzaza monga ma cones, udzu, kapena khungwa. Komabe, izi zimakopa ma earwig, mwachitsanzo, omwe ndi owopsa kwa mphutsi zakuthengo.
Sikofunikiranso kukhazikitsa chinthu chachikulu momwe mungathere, chomwe mwachiwonekere chimakhala ndi tizilombo tambiri. Kuyika imodzi kapena zingapo zokhala ndi zida zomveka bwino, zing'onozing'ono zopangira zisa kumabweretsa zabwino zambiri ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo.
Thandizo la zisa liyeneranso kuletsedwa, apo ayi, limapereka mbewu za mbalame.
Thandizo lathu lomanga zisa lomwe limapangidwa ndi matabwa olimba, okhala ndi zibowo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njuchi zakuthengo, ndiye, malo abwino kwambiri okhalamo odulira mungu ogwira ntchito molimbikawa.
Zofunika pollinators
Mosiyana ndi njuchi za uchi, mitundu ina ya njuchi zakuthengo zimauluka ngakhale panyengo yotentha kapena nyengo yoipa. Uwu ndi mwayi waukulu, mwachitsanzo chifukwa cha zipatso zomwe zimaphuka masika. Umu ndi momwe masamba ndi zipatso zimasungidwira mungu wodalirika kukakhala kozizira kapena mvula m'nyengo ya masika.
Thandizo lothandizira pakhungu
Chimodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe zothandiza pomanga njuchi zakutchire ndi thunthu lamatabwa lolimba lomwe lili ndi mabowo. M’mapanga ang’onoang’onowa amatsanzira mmene njuchi zakutchire zimadyeramo m’chilengedwe. Njuchi zakuthengo zomwe zimamanga zisa m'mipata zimaphatikizapo njuchi zomangira (Osmia spec.), njuchi zobisika (Hylaeus spec.), ndi njuchi za scissor (Chelostoma spec.).
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa chithandizo chamankhwala?
Njuchi zakutchire zimamanga mizere ya zipinda. M’zipinda zonsezi, amamanga keke ya mungu ndi kuikira dzira pamwamba pake. Mphutsizi zikangoswa, zimadya munguwo kenako n’kumapanga pululu. Nthawi zambiri zimawulukira chaka chotsatira pambuyo pa hibernation.
Malangizo opangira chithandizo chanu cha njuchi zakuthengo
Ngati mukufuna kupereka chithandizo chogona chotere, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa olimba okha. Chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake, mazira ndi mphutsi zimatetezedwa bwino. Mitengo yoyenera ndi, mwachitsanzo, beech, oak, phulusa, ndi Robinia. Robinia adagwiritsidwanso ntchito polemba izi. Softwoods, kumbali ina, ndi yosayenera.
Pobowola, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mabowowo ali ndi mainchesi awiri mpaka asanu ndi anayi. Kuonjezera apo, mabowowo ayenera kubowoledwa pambewu yamatabwa osati kumapeto kwa njere. Mabowo amitundu yosiyanasiyana amapangitsa kuti zisa zikhale zokongola zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ziphuphu zimatha kuvulaza nyama, choncho ntchito iyenera kuchitika mwaukhondo nthawi zonse.
