Micah Stanley
Mbalamezi zimachokera ku Asia ndipo chifukwa cha kusasinthasintha kwake, zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choloweza mmalo mwa nyama, makamaka ngati choloweza mmalo mwa nyama ya nkhuku. Timalongosola momwe tingakonzekerere jackfruit, kadyedwe kake, ndi zotsatira zake pa thanzi.
Banja la mabulosi, jackfruit
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) amatchedwanso jackfruit. Chipatso chachikulu cha kumadera otentha ndi chiwalo cha banja la mabulosi ndipo chimachokera ku India, komwe ndi chakudya chambiri m'malo ena. Komabe, jackfruit tsopano imalimidwa m’madera onse otentha padziko lapansi. Maiko aakulu amene akubala akadali India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, ndi Nepal.
Dzina lakuti Jack linachokera ku Chimalaya "chakka", kutanthauza "kuzungulira" ndipo amatanthauza mawonekedwe a chipatso. The jackfruit si ozungulira, koma oval.
Jackfruit ndiye mtengo waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi
Ndichipatso chachikulu kwambiri komanso cholemera kwambiri, chomwe ndi mtengo waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mtengowo umatha kukula mpaka 1 m kutalika ndikulemera pafupifupi 20 kg. Ngakhale zonena zofikira 50 kg pa chipatso chilichonse zikufalikira pa intaneti.
Zimatenga pafupifupi masiku 180 kuti jackfruit ifike kukula kwake ndi kucha. Popeza kuti palibe nthambi iliyonse imene ingasenze kulemera kwake, imamera pamtengowo. Mtengo umabala mpaka 30 zipatso.
Chinthu chinanso chodziwika bwino cha jackfruit ndi khungu lake lopindika. Zimasintha kuchoka ku zobiriwira kukhala zachikasu panthawi yakucha. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zipatso zambiri, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kucha kwa jackfruit osati ndi mtundu komanso ndi fungo: kununkhira kwake kumawoneka bwino, kumakoma.
Pafupifupi mbale iliyonse ya nyama ikhoza kutsanziridwa ndi zamkati za jackfruit yosapsa - kaya mipira ya nyama, goulash, fricassee, msuzi wa nyama ya pasitala, kapena zodzaza ma burgers, tacos, kapena zikondamoyo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tsopano imaperekedwanso mu latitudes (yophikidwa kale mu zitini kapena vacuum-packed) ndi kukonzekera.
Izi ndi zomwe jackfruit amakoma
Chipatso chachikuluchi chimakoma chikapsa ndipo chimakhala chokoma ngati chakudya cham'mawa kapena mchere. Kukoma kwake kumakumbukira kusakaniza kwa nthochi ndi chinanazi ndi fungo la uchi-vanila. Cholemba cha mango chimatchulidwanso nthawi zambiri. Zikapsa, zipatso za jackfruit sizimamveka bwino ndipo zimatengera kununkhira kwa zonunkhira, marinades, ndi sosi zomwe zimakonzedwa.
Dzina lakuti Jack linachokera ku Chimalaya "chakka", kutanthauza "kuzungulira" ndipo amatanthauza mawonekedwe a chipatso. The jackfruit si ozungulira, koma oval.
Jackfruit ndiye mtengo waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi
Ndichipatso chachikulu kwambiri komanso cholemera kwambiri, chomwe ndi mtengo waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mtengowo umatha kukula mpaka 1 m kutalika ndikulemera pafupifupi 20 kg. Ngakhale zonena zofikira 50 kg pa chipatso chilichonse zikufalikira pa intaneti.
Zimatenga pafupifupi masiku 180 kuti jackfruit ifike kukula kwake ndi kucha. Popeza kuti palibe nthambi iliyonse imene ingasenze kulemera kwake, imamera pamtengowo. Mtengo umabala mpaka 30 zipatso.
Chinthu chinanso chodziwika bwino cha jackfruit ndi khungu lake lopindika. Zimasintha kuchoka ku zobiriwira kukhala zachikasu panthawi yakucha. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zipatso zambiri, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kucha kwa jackfruit osati ndi mtundu komanso ndi fungo: kununkhira kwake kumawoneka bwino, kumakoma.
Pafupifupi mbale iliyonse ya nyama ikhoza kutsanziridwa ndi zamkati za jackfruit yosapsa - kaya mipira ya nyama, goulash, fricassee, msuzi wa nyama ya pasitala, kapena zodzaza ma burgers, tacos, kapena zikondamoyo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tsopano imaperekedwanso mu latitudes (yophikidwa kale mu zitini kapena vacuum-packed) ndi kukonzekera.
Izi ndi zomwe jackfruit amakoma
Chipatso chachikuluchi chimakoma chikapsa ndipo chimakhala chokoma ngati chakudya cham'mawa kapena mchere. Kukoma kwake kumakumbukira kusakaniza kwa nthochi ndi chinanazi ndi fungo la uchi-vanila. Cholemba cha mango chimatchulidwanso nthawi zambiri. Zikapsa, zipatso za jackfruit sizimamveka bwino ndipo zimatengera kununkhira kwa zonunkhira, marinades, ndi sosi zomwe zimakonzedwa.
Mavitamini, mchere ndi kufufuza zinthu
Kashiamu imakhala yochuluka kwambiri pa zipatso za 50 mg pa 100 g ya jackfruit yosapsa. Apulo, mwachitsanzo, ilibe ngakhale 10 mg. Malalanje, mabulosi akuda, nkhuyu, ndi kiwi okha ndi omwe ayenera kukhala ndi calcium yochuluka mofanana ndi jackfruit yosapsa.
Jackfruit imakhalanso yosangalatsa pankhani yachitsulo. Zipatso zosapsa zimapatsa pafupifupi chitsulo cha jackfruit kuwirikiza kanayi, mpaka 2 mg pa 100 g - pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri chitsulo mu chifuwa cha nkhuku ndi pafupifupi chitsulo chofanana ndi cha ng'ombe.
Inde, jackfruit (monga pafupifupi chipatso chilichonse) ilinso ndi vitamini C - mpaka 14mg pa 100g, pamene nyama imakhala ndi 0mg ya vitamini C.
Ma calories a jackfruit osapsa amangokhala 50 kcal (209 kJ) pa 100 g, poyerekeza ndi kuwirikiza kawiri nyama ya nkhuku.
Jackfruit ili ndi zotsatira za thanzi
Zotsatira za thanzi la jackfruit makamaka zimakhudzana ndi zipatso zakupsa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala pazakudya ku Asia koma zimapezeka m'masitolo apadera m'madera athu.
Ndemanga ya 2012 inayang'ana makamaka pa jackfruit ndi ubwino wake wathanzi kwa anthu. Komabe, mmodzi anaika maganizo ake pa zosakaniza zake zokha ndiyeno n’kunena kuti chipatso chonsecho chimakhala ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi za chinthu chimodzi chokha.
potaziyamu, magnesium ndi calcium
Popeza chipatsocho chimakhala ndi potaziyamu, mwachitsanzo, ndipo potaziyamu imathandiza kuti magazi azithamanga, jackfruit imatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Popeza kuti jackfruit ilinso ndi magnesium ndi calcium, mamineral onse awiri ofunika pa mafupa, akuti chipatsocho chimalimbitsa mafupa.
Iron mu jackfruit
Jackfruit imakhalanso ndi chitsulo, kotero ndemanga yomwe tatchulayi ikunena kuti chipatsocho ndi chabwino kwa kuchepa kwa magazi.
vitamini C
Zomwe zili ndi vitamini C zidapangitsa ofufuzawo kulemba kuti jackfruit ili ndi anti-kukalamba komanso antioxidant katundu. Vitamini C wa jackfruit siwokwera kwambiri koma ndi 7 mpaka 14 mg pa 100 g. Zipatso zina monga malalanje, kiwis, ndi sitiroberi zili ndi pafupifupi 50 mg ya vitamini C.
CHIKWANGWANI
Zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti jackfruit ilembedwe kuti ndi yabwino kwa chigayidwe, ngakhale kuti zipatso zina zimakhala ndi ulusi wochuluka, kapena wochulukirapo. Mwachitsanzo, apulo wakupsa amapereka ulusi wowirikiza kawiri, ndipo peyala yakupsa kuwirikiza katatu.
Mkuwa
Ndipo chifukwa chakuti zipatso za jackfruit zili ndi mkuwa wambiri, akuti zimalimbikitsa thanzi la chithokomiro chifukwa mkuwa—monga ayodini ndi selenium—ndiwo umafunika pakupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Monga gwero la mkuwa, jackfruit ndi yosangalatsadi. Lili ndi pafupifupi 1400 µg zamkuwa (ngati palibe cholakwika muyeso) ndipo motero kwambiri kuposa zipatso zina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapereka pakati pa 50 ndi 200 µg zamkuwa.
Jackfruit ilinso ndi lectin yotchedwa jacalin, yomwe amati ili ndi antiviral properties. Maphunziro a in-vitro, lectin adawonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza polimbana ndi ma virus a HI ndi ma virus a herpes (shingles). Komabe, n'zokayikitsa ngati kudya jackfruit kumakhala ndi zotsatira zofanana, chifukwa maphunziro ofananira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtundu umodzi, koma chipatsocho chimakhala ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri.
Carotenoids
Jackfruit ilinso ndi carotenoids, yofunika kwambiri yomwe ndi lutein ndi beta-carotene. Popeza kuti maphunzirowa akuwonetsa kuti amalimbikitsa thanzi la mtima, ndizofunikira kwa maso, komanso amatha kupewa mitundu ina ya khansa, jackfruit imalimbikitsidwa pazisonyezero zonsezi.
Jackfruit ngati wakupha khansa: maphunziro akusowa
"Sayansi Imatsimikizira Kuti Jackfruit Ndiwopha Khansa Yamphamvu" kapena zina zonga zimenezo ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi jackfruit ndi zotsatira zake zodabwitsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti china chake monga Sayansi chimatsimikizira kuti jackfruit ndikupha khansa yamphamvu. M'mabuku ena, mumalankhulanso za "mphesa yamphamvu kwambiri ya khansa jackfruit", mwachitsanzo, wakupha khansa yamphamvu kwambiri yotchedwa jackfruit.
Koma palibe umboni weniweni. Palibe maphunziro omwe akuwonetsa momveka bwino mphamvu yolimbana ndi khansa ya jackfruit. Munthu amakonda kutchula maphunziro omwe amaperekedwa ku zotsatira zotsutsana ndi khansa ya zinthu za zomera zomwe zilinso mu jackfruit, komanso muzakudya zina, monga saponins, lignans, ndi isoflavones.
Jackfruit m'malo mwa nyama
Popeza jackfruit yosapsa imakhala ngati nyama ikaphika ndi kuwiritsa, tsopano ikupezeka ku Ulaya ndi ku USA atapakidwa kale m'malo mwa nyama, mwachitsanzo ngati "shredds" ya nyama yodulidwa kapena mu mawonekedwe a cubes kwa goulash-ngati mbale Zakudya. Ngakhale kuti zamkati zaphikidwa kale komanso zokonzeka kuphikidwa, nthawi zambiri zimayenera kuwonjezeredwa monga momwe mukufunira.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito jackfruit m'malo mwa nyama
Kuti zipatso zotsala zipse bwino, ena mwa zipatso za jackfruit nthawi zonse amakololedwa osapsa (izi zimatchedwa "kufinya"). Kudziko lakwawo, zipatso za jackfruit zosapsa zimakonzedwa ngati masamba kapena, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa wowuma, amatumizidwa m’malo mwa mpunga. Chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito jackfruit yosapsa ndikwabwinobwino.
Chakudya chodziwika bwino chopangidwa ndi jackfruit chosapsa ndi gudeg wochokera ku Central Java. Jackfruit amawiritsa mu mkaka wa kokonati kwa maola angapo, woyengedwa ndi shallots ndi adyo, ndi kuwaza ndi ginger, coriander, laimu, ndi shuga wa kanjedza. Gudeg amatumikiridwa ngati chophatikizira ndi mbale za nyama, komanso tofu kapena tempeh.
Popeza kuti kusinthasintha kwake kwa ulusi pambuyo pophika kumakumbukiranso nkhuku (yowoneka ngati ragout ya ng'ombe), jackfruit - yogawidwa moyenerera, yophikidwa kale, ndi vacuum packed - yakhala ikupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ngati cholowa m'malo mwa nyama.
Zamkatimu zimasweka mwachangu zikaphikidwa kapena zokazinga. Ngati mukufuna kupeza mawonekedwe a cube (mwachitsanzo, "ragout"), mutha kungowotcha ma cubes ang'onoang'ono kwakanthawi kochepa. Nyengo mwamphamvu, chotsani ma cubes mu poto, ndikuyika pambali. Msuzi ukakonzeka (monga msuzi wotsekemera wa bowa), onjezerani jackfruit wodulidwa mu msuzi ndikutenthetsa pang'ono pamenepo.
Organic jackfruit ndi yabwino
Jackfruit nthawi zambiri amalimidwa mu monocultures. Sagwiritsidwanso ntchito kawirikawiri m'zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo B. amalimidwa pakati pa tchire la khofi m'minda ya khofi.
Ngakhale jackfruit satengeka kwambiri ndi matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi kapena ma virus, pali tizirombo tating'ono tomwe titha kuwononga mbewu, ndichifukwa chake amathiridwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo polima wamba. Organic jackfruit ndiye chisankho chabwinoko mukagula.
Ecological balance ya jackfruit
Mtengo wa jackfruit nthawi zambiri sufunika kuthiriridwa. Zomera zazing'ono zokha ndizo zomwe zimatha kuwuma ndipo ziyenera kuthiriridwa ngati kuli kofunikira (pakakhala nthawi yayitali yowuma). Izi zitha kukhala choncho m'zaka zitatu zoyambirira za moyo wa mmera popeza mizu sinakulire bwino panthawiyi. Kenako, nthawi zambiri mtengowo sufunika kuuthirira. Poyerekeza: mapeyala kapena nthochi nthawi zonse amafunikira 3 mpaka 1000 malita a madzi pa kilogalamu ya zipatso.
Komabe, popeza jackfruit imachokera kumadera otentha, kulinganiza kwake kwachilengedwe sikoyenera, kokha chifukwa cha njira yayitali yoyendera. Malinga ndi chilengedwe, soya kapena lupine zopangidwa kuchokera ku zopangira zakomweko ndizoyenera kwambiri m'malo mwa nyama nthawi zonse. Kuti musinthe, komabe, mutha kubwereranso pa jackfruit - makamaka popeza palibe chibadwa chomwe chagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuswana mpaka pano, chomwe chimadziwika kuti nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi chiopsezo ndi soya.
Ngakhale nyama zomwe zimapangidwira kuchokera ku soya kapena zopangira zina zimatsutsidwa mobwerezabwereza, zimakhala zathanzi kuposa nyama mukagula m'masitolo ogulitsa zakudya.
