John Myers
Majini athu amakhudza kukhutitsidwa kwathu, kukhuta, mafuta metabolism, ndi kugawa mafuta. Kotero pali chibadwa chotengera kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Kunenepa kapena kukhala wowonda zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma majiniwo amaonanso mmene zimavutira kukhalabe wonenepa. Amapereka mapulani azinthu zonse m'thupi lathu ndipo amagwira nawo ntchito yopanga mahomoni ndi mapuloteni omwe amatsimikizira zomwe timadya komanso metabolism.
Leptin ndi MC4R zimatsimikizira kukhuta
Ngati ndondomeko ya hormone ya satiety leptin kapena leptin receptor (LEPR) ili ndi vuto, palibe kumva kukhuta ndipo munthu amene akukhudzidwayo amakhala pachiwopsezo chodya kwambiri.
Mtundu wa melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) umakhudzanso chilakolako: mitundu ina ya jini iyi imatanthauza kuti omwe amawanyamulira samaganizira za kudya, motero amadya pang'ono ndikukhala oonda. Komabe, mitundu ina imatanthauza kuti chilakolako chofuna kudya chili ponseponse. Onyamula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majini samamva kukhuta motero nthawi zambiri amadya kwambiri.
FTO imayang'anira kagayidwe ka mafuta
Jini lodziwika bwino lomwe limakhudza kagayidwe ka mafuta limatchedwa FTO ("Fat mass and obesity-associated jini"). Imawongolera ngati timasunga kapena kuwotcha mafuta. Anthu ali ndi mitundu itatu ya maselo amafuta: maselo oyera amafuta amasunga mafuta, pomwe maselo a bulauni amawotcha mafuta pomwe amatulutsa kutentha. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi mafuta ochepa a bulauni.
Mtundu wachitatu ndi wotsimikiza: maselo amtundu wa beige. Mukhoza kutentha ndi kusunga mafuta. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya jini ya FTO, maselo a beige mafuta amatha kusunga mafuta osawotcha - zotsatira zake ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Kugawa mafuta kumadalira majini
Asayansi azindikira kale magawo opitilira 40 a majini omwe amatsimikizira momwe mafuta amagawidwira m'thupi. Choncho pali chibadwa chotengera kunenepa. Ponseponse, ofufuzawo akudziwa kale mitundu 2.1 miliyoni ya jini m'magawo 100 a genome omwe amakhudza kulemera.
Pamodzi, kusiyana kwa majini kumatha kuwerengera mpaka mfundo zisanu mu index mass index (BMI) - ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza kusiyana pakati pa anthu onenepa kwambiri, onenepa kwambiri komanso onenepa kwambiri. Pamiyeso, komabe, ngakhale majini amphamvu kwambiri amangolemera ma kilogalamu awiri.
Kusala kudya kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kusintha kwamakhalidwe kumakhudza majini
Chikoka cha zinthu zobadwa nacho chimatsimikizira malo osiyanasiyana oyambira. Komabe, khalidwe lathu limasankha ngati majini amazimitsa kapena kuzimitsa: zomwe zimatchedwa njira za epigenetic zimayambitsa, mwachitsanzo, jini yomwe yasinthidwa ndi zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri kuti zikhazikitsidwe ndi kusala kudya kwapakatikati, chakudya chochepa cha calorie kapena masewera, choncho. kuti kagayidwe ka mafuta kapena kagayidwe ka shuga kamagwiranso ntchito bwino ndikuchepetsa thupi.
Thandizo lopangidwa mwaluso ndilo cholinga
Zifukwa za kunenepa kwambiri zimasiyana munthu ndi munthu. Ndipo njira yabwino yochepetsera thupi ndi yosiyana. Malo a kunenepa kwambiri amadalira zinthu zitatu zomangira polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri:
- kayendedwe
- malangizo a zakudya
- opaleshoni ya bariatric, monga gastric bypass
Ndi njira iti yomwe imakhala yothandiza kwambiri payekhapayekha imadalira kwambiri majini a omwe akukhudzidwa.
