Stevia - Kutsekemera Kopanda Shuga

Masamba a Stevia amaonedwa kuti ndi chakudya chatsopano ku EU. Masamba sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chakudya. Kupatulapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito tiyi wa zitsamba ndi zipatso ndikukonza kukhala chotsekemera.

Zofunikira mwachidule:

• Chomera cha stevia ndi masamba ake amatengedwa ngati chakudya chatsopano ku EU ndipo sichinavomerezedwebe.
• Kupatulapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito masamba a stevia ngati chophatikizira mu tiyi, popeza masambawo adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu tiyi ku EU chisanafike 1997.
• Zotulutsa kuchokera ku chomera cha stevia (steviol glycosides) zimaloledwa ngati zotsekemera E 960 zokhala ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kotsimikizika. Chotsekemera sichigwera pansi pa Novel Food Regulation, chifukwa chake chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zosiyanasiyana.
• E 960 ndi pafupifupi 200-400 kutsekemera kuposa shuga wapa tebulo.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chimayambitsa malonjezo otsatsa a stevia kapena steviol glycosides?

Ogula nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa chithunzi cha "kukoma kwathanzi kuchokera ku chilengedwe".

Ngakhale kuti stevia ndi chomera chachilengedwe chopangidwa movutikira, ma steviol glycosides amasiyanitsidwa ndi chomeracho pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsa masitepe ambiri ndipo iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zovomerezeka mwalamulo. Ngakhale zopangirazo ndi chomera, njira zopangira ndi zotulutsa zomwe zapezedwa sizikhalanso ndi "chirengedwe".

Choncho, zotsekemera ndizopangidwa ndi mafakitale - monga momwe shuga woyengedwera ndi mankhwala a mafakitale omwe amachokera ku chomera "chachilengedwe" cha shuga beet kapena nzimbe.

Zotsekemera zimanenedwa kuti ndi "zathanzi m'malo mwa shuga".

Pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo, stevia adayambitsa chidwi kwambiri mdziko muno. Panali chiyembekezo chachikulu chakuti mavuto onse okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga ndi kumwa shuga adzathetsedwa - koma maganizo okhumba awa sanakwaniritsidwe.

M'malo mwake, steviol glycosides sapereka zopatsa mphamvu chifukwa sagawika kwa anthu. Chifukwa cha zinthu zapadera zomverera, monga kuyambika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kukoma komanso kutsekemera kwa liquorice, zowawa zowawa, shuga akhoza kusinthidwa ndi zotsekemera pang'ono muzakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kulibe kuyenera kulipidwa panthawi yophika ngati shuga asinthidwa ndi steviol glycosides.

Stevia wakhala akudziwika kuti ndi mankhwala azitsamba ku South America ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumeneko ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Stevia amanenedwa kuti ali ndi shuga wamagazi komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, vasodilating, plaque inhibiting komanso antimicrobial effect. Komabe, zotsatirazi sizinatsimikizidwe mwasayansi. Ndemanga pazaumoyo wa stevia kapena steviol glycosides ndizosaloledwa pazakudya.

"Stevia sweetener"

Kupanga kwa sweetener/sweetener uku kumapatsa ogula malingaliro olakwika a kapangidwe kake, monga amayembekezera a wopanda calorie mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku steviol glycosides okha. Koma nthawi zambiri sizili choncho.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu, monga polysaccharide maltodextrin kapena shuga wapa tebulo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodzaza. Opanga ena amagwiritsanso ntchito erythritol wopanda shuga m'malo mwake. Ngati mukufuna kuchita popanda zopatsa mphamvu kwathunthu, muyenera kuphunzira mndandanda wa zosakaniza mosamala.

Kodi zowopsa paumoyo za stevia kapena steviol glycosides ndi ziti?

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) idathetsa nkhawa zam'mbuyomu kuti stevia ndi carcinogenic komanso mutagenic, bola ngati milingo yayikulu iwonedwa.

Zing'onozing'ono zokha zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazakudya kuonetsetsa kuti kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku (ADI value) kokhazikitsidwa ndi EFSA sikudutsa.

Mtengo wa ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) umasonyeza kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chingathe kudyedwa tsiku ndi tsiku pa moyo wonse popanda kuopsa kwa thanzi.

Kwa steviol glycosides, mtengo wa ADI ndi mamiligalamu anayi pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi. Izi zitha kupitirira mosavuta, makamaka ndi ana chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa thupi lawo. Choncho, m'munsi pazipita milingo ntchito pa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Steviol glycosides amavomerezedwa m'magulu opitilira 30 azakudya ku EU, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa kudya kumatha kuchitika ngati zinthu zingapo zotsekemera ndi stevia zidyedwa.

Kodi stevia ndi chiyani ndipo ndi chiyani?

Chomera cha Stevia rebaudiana chimadziwikanso kuti sweetweed kapena honeyweed ndipo chimachokera ku South America, koma tsopano chimalimidwanso ku China. Masamba a chomeracho amakhala ndi mankhwala otsekemera otchedwa steviol glycosides. Mwachikhalidwe, masamba owuma ndi ophwanyika a stevia amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku South America kutsekemera tiyi ndi mbale.

Kusakaniza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya steviol glycosides, yomwe imachotsedwa pamasamba, imatchedwanso stevia - osati molondola. Glycosides ndi mankhwala azitsamba omwe amamangiriridwa ku zotsalira za shuga kuti asungunuke m'madzi ndikuyenda mkati mwa mbewu. Pakalipano, pafupifupi khumi ndi limodzi steviol glycosides amadziwika, omwe amachititsa kukoma kokoma.

Zosakaniza zina m'masamba ndi monga zinthu za zomera zachiwiri, vitamini C, vitamini B1, iron, magnesium, selenium, zinki ndi unsaturated mafuta acids.

Kodi stevia amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito stevia, kusiyana kuyenera kuchitika pakati pa masamba a stevia ndi chotsitsa cha stevia.

Masamba a chomera cha stevia amasankhidwa kukhala "zakudya zatsopano" pansi pa zomwe zimatchedwa Novel Food Regulation. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zitsamba sizingagulitsidwe ngati chakudya mpaka zitatsimikiziridwa kuti ndizosavulaza thanzi. Mpaka pano izi sizinachitike.

Komabe, pali mitundu iwiri:

• Kuyambira 2017, masamba a stevia amatha kuwonjezeredwa ngati chophatikizira pazosakaniza zamasamba ndi tiyi. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndikoletsedwa pazakudya zina zonse.
• Kuchotsa masamba, steviol glycosides, kumbali ina, amavomerezedwa ngati sweetener E 960 ku EU. Steviol glycosides amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu opitilira 30 azakudya, makamaka omwe ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa.

Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupeza zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, jamu, yoghurt, ketchups, maswiti, liquorice komanso chokoleti chotsekemera ndi steviol glycosides pamsika. Zotsekemera zimangovomerezedwa pazakudya wamba - chifukwa chake sizipezeka muzinthu zopangidwa ndi organic.

Zotsekemera patebulo, mwachitsanzo, zotsekemera, zotsekemera zamadzimadzi kapena mapiritsi a zakumwa zotsekemera kapena chakudya chokhala ndi steviol glycosides, zitha kupezekanso pamsika.

Pokonzekera zodzoladzola, kukonzekera kwamadzi kumapangidwa ndi ufa kuchokera ku masamba a stevia, omwe amatsitsimutsidwa mu zonona, mafuta odzola kapena osambira, mwachitsanzo. Ufa umaperekedwanso nthawi zambiri chisamaliro cha mano.

Kodi muyenera kuganizira chiyani mukamagwiritsa ntchito stevia?

Mukamadya zakudya zotsekemera ndi E 960 tsiku lililonse, ogula akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti akutsatira zomwe zaperekedwa tsiku lililonse za 4 mg pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi - kusamala kwambiri kuyenera kuchitidwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera patebulo ndi steviol glycosides, monga momwe zimapangidwira nthawi zambiri. alibe chidziwitso cholingana.

• Zotsekemera patebulo zokhala ndi steviol glycosides ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa shuga wapanyumba kapena zotsekemera zina zomwe zimafanana ndi mphamvu yakutsekemera.
• Masamba a Stevia amayenera kuyenda mtunda wautali kuti afike kwa ife - zoyendera zimalemetsa chilengedwe ndi nyengo mopanda chifukwa.
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zotsekemera kumathandizanso kuti mukhale ndi chikhalidwe cha kukoma kokoma.
• Masamba a Stevia omwe amagulitsidwa ngati zodzikongoletsera sayenera kulembedwa ngati chakudya kapena kuwonetsa kuti ndi chakudya.