Strawberries: Chipatso Chomwe Ndi Chabwino Kwa Thupi Ndi Moyo

Zipatso sizimangokoma ngati ayisikilimu wa sitiroberi, keke ya sitiroberi, kapena casserole ya sitiroberi. Amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pa matenda ambiri osatha. Werengani zonse za sitiroberi, zotsatira zake ndi zakudya zomwe mabulosi ali nawo, zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana mukagula, komanso momwe mungakulire ndikuchulukitsa sitiroberi mumphika.

Zipatso: Chizindikiro cha chiwerewere

Strawberry ndi ofiira ngati chikondi ndi okoma ngati uchimo - n'zosadabwitsa kuti mitundu yonse ya nthano ikuzungulira chipatso chokoma. Anatumikira monga chikhumbo cha milungu yachikondi ingapo, monga Frigg ndi Venus, ndipo olemba ndakatulo a mibadwo yonse anauziridwa ndi iye. Wolemba ndakatulo wachiroma Virgil adalongosola sitiroberi ngati chipatso chaching'ono chokoma cha milungu, ndipo wolemba waku Germany Paul Zech anali wamtchire pakamwa pa sitiroberi.

Chipatsochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu mu nthano ndi nthano, kuphatikiza a Grimm a "Grandmother Evergreen", pomwe ana amatolera zipatso zochiritsa za amayi awo odwala. Ndipotu, sitiroberi akhala akuonedwa ngati mankhwala kwa zaka zikwi zambiri. ntchito chiwindi ndi ndulu matenda, matenda a mtima, chikuku, ndipo ngakhale nthomba.

Masamba a sitiroberi olemera tannin nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi tiyi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumankhwala owerengeka makamaka pa madandaulo am'mimba (kutsekula m'mimba), komanso kutupa kosatha (mwachitsanzo, rheumatism). Ndi bwino kuwasonkhanitsa musanayambe maluwa, koma musayembekezere fungo la sitiroberi pano. Masamba amakoma komanso osasangalatsa.

Kodi sitiroberi wamaluwa amachokera kuti?

Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza, sitiroberi anali amtengo wapatali kale mu Stone Age ndipo ndi amodzi mwa maswiti akale kwambiri omwe amadziwika ndi anthu. Choyamba, strawberries ang'onoang'ono zakutchire anasonkhanitsidwa. Pambuyo pake m’zaka za m’ma Middle Ages, zimenezi zinali kulimidwa m’minda yaikulu.

Masiku ano timadya makamaka sitiroberi (Fragaria × ananassa). Zinangowonekera chapakati pa zaka za zana la 18 ndipo ndi mwana wamkazi wa sitiroberi ofiira a ku North America komanso sitiroberi wa zipatso zazikulu zaku Chile. Munda wa sitiroberi udakhala nyenyezi m'minda yaku Europe.

Sitiroberi si mabulosi

Mwa njira, kuchokera ku botanical, sitiroberi si mabulosi konse, koma zipatso zophatikizika. Zipatso zenizeni ndi mtedza wachikasu pa "mabulosi" ofiira. Panopa pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya sitiroberi am'munda, yomwe 30 yokha, monga Sonata kapena Lambada, ndiyofunikira pakukula kwa zipatso zamalonda. Koma mastrawberries onse ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana: Ali ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika kwambiri.

Zopatsa thanzi

Zipatso za sitiroberi zimakoma kwambiri moti simungathe kuzipeza. Kuletsa kumeneku sikofunikira konse, chifukwa kumakhala ndi 90 peresenti ya madzi ndipo imakhala ndi 32 kcal pa 100 g. 100 g ya zipatso zatsopano zilinso ndi:

• madzi 90 g
• Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu 5.5 g (omwe 2.15 g shuga ndi 2.28 g fructose)
• mapuloteni 0.8 g
• Fiber 2g
• mafuta 0.4 g

Strawberries chifukwa cha tsankho la fructose?

Poyerekeza ndi zipatso zina, sitiroberi ndi otsika kwambiri mu fructose. Chiyerekezo cha fructose-glucose cha zipatso zofiira chimakhalanso pafupifupi 1: 1 kotero kuti ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndi tsankho la fructose amatha kulekerera bwino, osachepera pang'ono. Koma yesani izi mosamala, popeza aliyense wokhudzidwa ali ndi mulingo wosiyana wa kulolera.

Glycemic Load

Zipatso zokoma zimakhala ndi katundu wochepa wa glycemic (GL) wa 1.3, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizikhudza kwambiri shuga wamagazi. Poyerekeza: mkate woyera uli ndi GL pafupifupi 40, ndipo chokoleti chokoleti chimakhala ndi GL pafupifupi 35. Choncho ndi bwino kudya ma strawberries ochepa kusiyana ndi kuyesedwa ndi maswiti.

Mavitamini ndi mchere

Strawberries ali ndi mavitamini ndi minerals ambiri, omwe amathandiza kwambiri pa thanzi lawo.

The yachiwiri chomera zinthu

Malinga ndi ndemanga ya gulu lapadziko lonse la ofufuza, kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti kudya mabulosi nthawi zonse kuli ndi kuthekera kwakukulu popewa komanso kuchiza matenda. Mwa kusangalala ndi zipatso zofiira, kupsinjika kwa okosijeni ndi kutupa kungathetsedwe ndipo chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri, mtundu wa shuga wa 2, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, matenda a maso, ndi khansa akhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Kumbali imodzi, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri komanso, kumbali ina, kumitundu yonse yazomera zachiwiri, kuphatikiza makamaka ma polyphenols monga anthocyanins, quercetin, kaempferol, fisetin, ellagic acid, ndi makatechini. .

Malinga ndi ofufuza ku Norwegian, zili bioactive zinthu zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri ndipo mwachitsanzo kutengera zosiyanasiyana. Kufufuza kwa mitundu 27 ya sitiroberi kwawonetsa kuti pali pakati pa 57 ndi 133 mg wa mankhwala a phenolic mu 100 g wa sitiroberi. Ma anthocyanins, omwe amapatsa zipatso zazing'ono mtundu wofiyira wowala, ndi zina mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pamitengo yachiwiri. Zomwe zili pakati pa 8.5 ndi 66 mg ndipo zimawonjezeka mosalekeza pakukhwima.

Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi asayansi aku Italy ndi ku Spain adapeza zochititsa chidwi kwambiri: pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya ma antioxidants ali mu mtedza wa sitiroberi. Chifukwa chake sizothandiza kwambiri ngati zipatso z. B. kusisita mu sieve popanga sitiroberi puree.

Kumva njala kumachepetsedwa mutadya sitiroberi

M'mayiko olemera kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri ndi vuto lalikulu - oposa theka la anthu onse a ku Germany akhudzidwa kale. Komabe, kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana wasonyeza kuti sitiroberi amapereka zabwino kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri. Amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni otchedwa adiponectin, omwe amathandizira kuwongolera njala.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma antioxidants omwe ali mu chipatsocho amachepetsa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni, komwe kumawonekera kwambiri mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri kuposa omwe ali ndi kulemera kwabwinobwino.

Miyezo ya antioxidants imawonjezeka mukatha kudya

Kafukufuku yemwe adachitika ku Oklahoma State University mu 2016 adakhudza anthu 60 onenepa kwambiri omwe anali ndi lipids yayikulu m'magazi. Iwo anagawidwa m’magulu anayi. Magulu awiri adalandira chakumwa chokhala ndi 25 g kapena 50 g wa sitiroberi owumitsidwa tsiku lililonse kwa milungu 12. Magulu ena awiriwa amamwa chakumwa chowongolera tsiku lililonse chokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zofanana ndi zakumwa za sitiroberi.

Dalirani dera pogula sitiroberi!

Malinga ndi bungwe la Federal Center for Nutrition, matani oposa 150,000 a sitiroberi adakololedwa ku Germany mu 2016. Komabe, popeza kufunikira kumaposa kwambiri kupanga, zochuluka zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku mayiko ena monga Spain, Netherlands, ndi Italy.

Nyengo ya sitiroberi pano imangoyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, koma zipatsozo tsopano zikupezeka chaka chonse. Mastrawberries omwe timadya m'miyezi yozizira amachokera kutali monga Mexico, Chile, California, Florida, ndi Israel. Ma strawberries ochokera kunja amakhala ndi chilengedwe choyipa ndipo nthawi zambiri amamva kukoma chifukwa amakololedwa osapsa ndipo samapsa pambuyo pake.

Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso z. B. mu Spain youma, amene kale nthawi zonse kuvutika ndi chilala, ayenera intensively ulimi wothirira yokumba. Ena mwa madziwa amawapopa mosaloledwa, ndipo malinga ndi zimene bungwe la WWF linanena, zikuwopseza kuti malo oteteza zachilengedwe otchedwa Coto de Doñana National Park, omwe ndi amodzi mwa madambo aakulu kwambiri kum’mwera kwa Ulaya, komanso m’nyengo yozizira ya mbalame masauzande ambiri.

Chifukwa chake ndizomveka m'njira zingapo ngati mumangosangalala ndi sitiroberi munyengo (Meyi mpaka Ogasiti) kuchokera kudera lanu!

Organic sitiroberi ndi athanzi

Tsoka ilo, pankhani ya zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ma strawberries apanyumba samachita bwino kuposa katundu wotumizidwa kunja. Zofukufuku zomwe zinayambitsidwa ndi Saldo (Verbraucherinfo AG) ku Switzerland zasonyeza kuti 3 yokha mwa zitsanzo za 25, zomwe zinachokera ku Spain ndi France m'malo onse, zinali zosaipitsidwa. Zitsanzo ziwiri mwa zitatu zokhala ndi zotsalira zapamwamba kwambiri zidachokera ku Switzerland.

Malinga ndi zomwe ofesi yofufuza zamankhwala ndi zamankhwala ku Stuttgart mu 2016 idawunikira, mwa zitsanzo 78, 77 zinali ndi zotsalira ndipo 76 zinali ndi zotsalira zingapo. Pankhani ya zitsanzo 6, kuchuluka kwake komwe kunaloledwa kudapitilira. Izi zinali zinthu monga klorate, zomwe malinga ndi European Food Safety Authority ndizowopsa ku thanzi la ana, spinosad, zomwe ndizowopsa kwa njuchi, kapena chlorpropham, zomwe zitha kukhala zoyambitsa khansa.

Ndizowopsanso kuti kusanthula mobwerezabwereza kumabweretsa zinthu zoletsedwa, monga fungicide bupirimat (poizoni wa mitsempha), kugwiritsa ntchito kwake sikunaloledwe ku Germany kwazaka zopitilira 20.

Popeza sitiroberi ndi zina mwa zipatso zoipitsidwa kwambiri kuposa zonse, muyenera kudalira organic quality. Izi zimathandizidwanso ndi kafukufuku wa Chipwitikizi, yemwe adawonetsa kuti ma organic strawberries ali ndi antioxidant zotsatira kuposa zipatso zomwe wamba.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti minda ya sitiroberi yachilengedwe imabala zipatso zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo dothi lawo labwino kwambiri limatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo komanso zolimbana ndi nkhawa.

Strawberries m'nkhalango ya pulasitiki

Kuchulukirachulukira sitiroberi minda akuzimiririka pansi mulch filimu. Izi zimaonetsetsa kuti nthaka ikutentha msanga kuti nyengo ya sitiroberi iyambe msanga ndikubweretsa zokolola zambiri. Izi zimachepetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera udzu. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito zojambulazo kulinso ndi zovuta zake.

Mafilimuwa amapangidwa ndi zinthu monga polyvinyl chloride, yomwe imakhala ndi mapulasitiki omwe amawononga thanzi komanso chilengedwe. Makanema a PVC ndi ovuta kwambiri, mwinanso zosatheka, kuwagwiritsanso ntchito komanso akatenthedwa, mwachitsanzo ma dioxins oyambitsa khansa. Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti gawo lalikulu la zinyalala zonse za pulasitiki tsopano zimatumizidwa kumayiko ngati China, komwe kulibe nyumba zosonkhanitsira ndi kukonzanso.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa mafilimu a mulch kumaganiziridwanso kwambiri kuti kuwononga malo okhala nyama ndi zomera, zomwe zikuthandizira kuchepa kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana m'minda ndikupangitsa kuchepa kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Vuto ndilokuti mafilimu amang'ambika mosavuta akachotsedwa ndipo zigawo zapulasitiki - pazovuta kwambiri mpaka 40 peresenti ya zinthu - zimakhalabe m'minda.

Katswiri wina wosamalira zachilengedwe, Christoph Münch, analengeza pankhaniyi kuti mbalame monga Mwachitsanzo, buluzi amagwiritsa ntchito zidutswa zapulasitiki pomanga chisa chawo chifukwa chimaoneka ngati tsamba. Izi zikhoza kukhala zakupha kwa ana chifukwa madzi sangathe kuthamanga chifukwa cha zigawo za pulasitiki.

Ofufuza a ku America ochokera ku Beltsville Agricultural Research Center adatha kutsimikizira koyambirira kwa 2009 kuti mafilimu a mulch ali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa zosakaniza monga anthocyanins komanso kuti sitiroberi, motero, ali ndi mphamvu zochepa za antioxidant.

Ngakhale pali biodegradable mulch mafilimu kuti u. Zimakhala ndi chimanga ndi wowuma wa mbatata ndipo zimatha kuphatikizidwa munthaka kapena kutayidwa mu kompositi. Tsoka ilo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa amawononga ndalama zochulukirapo kawiri ndipo amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Opanga nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza mfundo yakuti mafilimu owonongeka safuna kuyeretsedwa ndi kutayidwa.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudalire organic sitiroberi kuchokera m'mafamu ang'onoang'ono achigawo, omwe amagulitsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumunda. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wotha kuwona komwe mbewuzo zikukula. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kuthyola chipatso nokha. M'mafamu amtunduwu mulibe pulasitiki.

Limani nokha sitiroberi

Strawberries amathanso kulimidwa m'machubu