Paul Keller
Kana kupihwa kwemichero yemuno kuchishaikwa mumatsutso nechando, pineapple, mango, papaya nezvimwe zvakadaro ndiyo yakakurumbira dzimwe nzira. Kuti tigone kunakidzwa nemichero yekunze zvakachipa, vashandi vekudyara vanotambura nemamiriro ekushanda asina kunaka. German supermarket cheni zvakare inokonzera izvi. Chii chatingaita sevatengi?
Kunyangwe mango, pineapple, kumquats, papaya: michero yekunze inokwanisika kwatiri uye inowanikwa rinenge gore rose. Kune rimwe divi, vashandi vekurima munyika dzekurima vanobhadhara mutengo wakakura. Kubva muna 2008, sangano rekusimudzira Oxfam rakaratidza kushungurudzwa kwakanyanya mukurima mananasi muCosta Rica: kuwedzera kwegomarara uye kupfupfudzika nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine muchetura, mihoro yakaderera uye kusaremekedzwa kwevashandi nekodzero dzemubatanidzwa.
Franziska Humbert, mukuru webhizinesi nekodzero dzevanhu weOxfam, akaenda kuCosta Rica zvakare muna 2016. Mumushumo unoti “Zvinotapira, Chokwadi Chinovava” (verenga pano) anopfupikisa zvakaitika kwaari: “Mushure memakore masere [kureva kubvira 2008], mamiriro ezvinhu. pasaiti hazvina kumbonaka."
Exotic michero inowanzokura mune monocultures
Chidzidzo ichi zvakare chakaendesa vashandi veOxfam kuminda yemabhanana muEcuador. Vashandi vakawanda vaichema-chema kuti mishonga yezvipembenene iri kumwayiwa kunyangwe vanenge vachishanda muminda, kana kuti vanotozodzokera kuminda mvura yanaya ine muchetura. Mabhanana anonyanyorimwa mukurima mumwe chete uye vashandi vanoshandisa mishonga yezvipembenene inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzeresa kenza.
Pasinei nekushoropodzwa kwake, Franziska Humbert anobva kuOxfam anoonawo kufambira mberi kushoma: “Vazhinji vevaimboshanda sevashandi vemazuva ano vava kushanda.” Kunyange subcontractors vaibhadhara mari shoma. "Uye vamwe vashandi vakashinga zvekuti vanotaura pachena uye vanotobvumira kutorwa mifananidzo."
Zvitoro zveGerman zvakabatanidzwa
Zvakadaro, vemasangano evashandi vachiri kufanira kuverenga zvirango. Munzvimbo zhinji hamuna masangano evashandi zvachose: Oxfam yakaongorora makambani makumi maviri muEcuador - maererano nezvaive pasina mumiriri akadaro akazvimirira mune chero ipi zvayo. Pamutengesi weLidl Matías, 20 muzana yevakapindura vakati vaisada kuumba mubatanidzwa vachitya kutsiva, chirevo chinodaro.
Oxfam inopomera cheni dzechitoro cheGerman - Aldi, Edeka, Schwarz Group, iyo inosanganisira Lidl, naRewe - nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma evanhu. Vane simba remusika uye vanoisa mitengo nekuisa dzvinyiriro kune vanogadzira uye vatengesi. Saka dzinofanirwa kunge dzakachipa sezvinobvira. Sekureva kwesangano rekutsvagisa reFrance Basic, mitengo yekupinza mapineapple yakaderera nechidimbu pakati pa2002 na2014, kunyangwe mitengo yekugadzira ichikwira.
Exotic michero: Lidl akadzokorora kutsoropodzwa
Lidl kunyanya anoshoropodzwa neOxfam, kunyangwe sangano neanoderedza vari muhurukuro uye Lidl akavapa mukana kune imwe yemapurazi ekurima. Izvi zvakasimbiswa nehofisi yevatori venhau yesupermarket payakabvunzwa neTEST. Mushandi weOxfam anobva kuCosta Rica akasimbisa nemuromo kuti kambani yeFinca Once, mutengesi weLidl, "ndeimwe yevari nani zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa nemapurazi anopfuura chiuru nemazana mashanu muCosta Rica".
Zvakadaro, mushumo weOxfam une mhosva dzakawanda: Zvinoenderana neizvi, kodzero dzemubatanidzwa dzakatyorwawo papurazi iri. Muhoro wepasi wepamutemo wakabhadharwa. “Zvisinei, izvi zvinoreva nguva yekushanda yemaawa masere. Vazhinji vevashandi vakaongororwa, kune rumwe rutivi, vanobhadharwa zvinoenderana nekushanda uye vobva vashanda kusvika kumaawa gumi nemaviri kuti vawane muhoro wepasi. Mamiriro ezvinhu zvino aita nani, Franziska Humbert anopupurira kune anobvisa Lidl mwedzi gare gare. Asi izvozvo hazvina kukwana.
Vashandi vanoshanda kusvika maawa gumi nemaviri paminda
Sekureva kwekambani, vagadziri veLidl vemabhanana nemapineapple vanopihwa zvitupa neFairtrade kana nesangano reRainforest Alliance. Kambani iyi inosimbisa kuti: "Mukuongorora kwakazvimirira kwakazvimirira, Rainforest Alliance haina kuwana humbowo hwezvaipomerwa neOxfam pamapurazi eFinca Once muCosta Rica neMatías kuEcuador, anoshandira Lidl."
The Rainforest Alliance isangano repasi rose rine chitupa chinoshandiswa nemacheni esupamaketi muGermany pamaananasi nemabhanana. Nekudaro, maitiro acho ari kure nekuomarara zvakakwana, kunyanya kana zvasvika kumamiriro ekushanda. Sangano rakapindura zvaipomerwa neOxfam ndokutarisa minda.
Banana & mapurazi epineapple haana-certified
"Zvimwe zvekupomerwa zviri kunze kwenzvimbo dzakafukidzwa neSAN chiyero chekurima kwakasimba - hwaro hwekupa chisimbiso. Zvimwe zvinhu hazvina kusimbiswa,” akadaro mutauriri weRainforest Alliance paakabvunzwa neTEST.
Sekureva kwayo pachayo, zvisinei, kubva muna Ndira kusvika Chikumi 2017 yakabvisa chitupa chayo kubva ku18 mabhanana nemapurazi emapineapple, mapfumbamwe acho muCosta Rica neEcuador. Uye muchirimo cha2017, dare rezvitupa rinotarisira Ecuador rakambomiswa "nekuda kwekushomeka kwemhando mumaitirwo ekuongorora, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu".
Oxfam haisi yega mukuzvipira kwayo kune mamiriro ekushanda akanaka. Sangano reBanafair rinounza zviuru zvemabhokisi emabhanana anotengeswa zvakaringana kubva kuEcuador pamusika svondo rega rega uye akazvipira kumamiriro ekurima anowirirana uye ane hunhu kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri nemashanu. Kune mavara akajeka, anodaro Manafair Managing Director Rudi Pfeifer. "Asi maonero angu ndeokuti tiri kuramba tichitarisana nezvinetso zvakafanana."
Banafair inoda kuvandudza kutengeserana muchero unoshamisa
Zvimwe zvibvumirano hazvikodzeri bepa rakasainwa: "Pachine kutyorwa zvachose kwemutemo wevashandi." Nhaurirano inoitika, kune zvibvumirano zvezviito uye matafura akatenderedzwa panogarawo vatengesi nevatengesi. Zvisinei, maererano naPfeifer, ngozi ndeyokuti hurukuro dzinokwevera kwenguva refu pasina chinoshanduka kune vanhu vakabatwa panzvimbo. Anoona zvichinyanya kukosha kuti vanzwiwe. “Hatigone kutaura nezvavo, tinofanira kutaura navo.”
Kuita kuti kutengeserana kwemichero yekunze kuve nemagariro uye zvine hushamwari zvakare ivavariro yemushandirapamwe wepasi rose we "Make Fruit Fair", umo mamwe masangano gumi nemanomwe anobatanidzwa pamwe neOxfam neBanafair. Mushandirapamwe unoda kuti vatengi vaparadzire zvinhu pamusoro penyaya iyi paInternet, inopa ruzivo pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu nechiratidziro chekufamba kana kuti inotanga zvichemo uye zviito zvekukurumidzira kutsigira masangano evamwe, semuenzaniso mukutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, paminda.
Tenga redunhu pane michero yekunze
Zvikasadaro, vadi vemichero vane sarudzo shoma kunze kwekutenga kunyanya mwaka uye yedunhu michero uye organic zvigadzirwa, izvo, zvisinei, hazvireve hazvo kuvimbisa mamiriro akanaka ekushanda.
Zvirinani kana zvasvika kumabhanana eFairtrade, vatengi vanogona kutarisira mamiriro ekushanda munharaunda uye mubhadharo wakanaka. Mushure mezvose, muna 2016 matani 72,000 akanaka emabhanana ekutengesa akadarika eGerman shop counters, ese ari organic, maererano neruzivo kubva kusangano reTransfair, iro rinopa mubairo weFairtrade logo muGermany. Kekutanga muna 2016 maivewo nemaranjisi nemaranjisi ane Fairtrade label, asi mumishandirapamwe madiki ega.
Sei michero yakawanda yekunze isingabereki chisimbiso? Sangano rinotsanangura kuti huwandu hukuru hunodiwa pamusika weGerman. Izvi hazvisati zvave kuwanikwa pasi peFairtrade mamiriro. Pane dambudziko rehuku nezai pano, anodemba mutauririkadzi Edith Gmeiner. Mubvunzo ndewokuti: "Kutengeserana kunofanirwa kuvimbiswa kudiwa kwakavimbika kuitira kuti mamwe masangano evagadziri agone kupihwa zvitupa, kana kuti panofanirwa kutanga kuve nenhamba huru yevagadziri vane zvitupa kuti vanyengetedze kutengeserana kutendeuka?"
Fairtrade haina kupararira muchero unoshamisa
Sangano remubatanidzwa "Die Verbraucher Initiative" rinoonawo vatengi vari mudambudziko kana vachitenga michero - kunze kwemabhanana ekutengesa zvakanaka: "Panenge pasina muchero wakanaka," anodaro Laura Gross. “Kusiyana-siyana kune mutengo wazvo. Pane nguva dzose nyaya dzenzanga uye dzezvakatipoteredza zvinobatanidzwa. Uye vatengi havana mukana wekunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu. "
Zvakakosha kuti vazive nezvematambudziko aya, vobva vazviyera pavanenge vachitenga. Sekureva kwaFranziska Humbert anobva kuOxfam, vatengi "zvinosuruvarisa kuti vane simba shoma pano. Pamusoro pazvose, zvematongerwo enyika nemakambani anofanira kuunza shanduko.
Exotic Zvibereko: Izvo Vatengi Vanogona Kuita
Heano mamwe matipi ezvekutarisisa paunenge uchitenga:
Anenge mabhanana anogona kutengwa neFairtrade chisimbiso. Fair trade mabhanana ave kuwanikwa munenge musupermarket yese.
Mabhanana anobva kuBanafair anowanikwa muzvitoro zvakawanda zvepasi rose muGermany uye muzvitoro zvakawanda organic.
Iyo Rainforest Alliance label, kune rumwe rutivi, haipe maitiro akakwana, nekuti haivimbisi vashandi mutengo wakaderera, uye yese mishonga ine chepfu pane yakarambidzwa rondedzero. Chero zvazvingava, chisimbiso cheRainforest chiri nani pane kusava nechiratidzo zvachose.
Nepapaya, pineapple & co., zvakaoma kuwana muchero wekutengesa wakarurama. Nokudaro, nyatsoteerera kune mazita ekwakabva: Dzimwe nguva, semuenzaniso, mapapaya kana marimu anogona kuwanikwa kubva kuCanary Islands - uye nokudaro kubva kuEurope, uko mamiriro ekushanda akanaka anoshanda.
Uye: Kana uchipokana, organic muchero muchero uri nani, zvakare kune vanogadzira, nekuti mishoma mishonga yezvipembenene inoshandiswa panguva yekurima. MuGermany unogona kuwana organic pineapples, ayo dzimwe nguva anotobva kune kutengeserana kwakanaka, semuenzaniso muzvitoro zvepasi uye zvepasi rose kana mumabhokisi ekunyorera michero.
Chero ani anotenga zvakanyanya mudunhu uye nemwaka anodzivirira matambudziko nemichero yekunze nekunakidzwa nazvo zvakanyanya pazororo - munyika dzavanogara.
