John Myers
Waxaa la ogaa sannado badan in dhadhanka subagga macmalka ah (diacetyl), sida kan loo isticmaalo dabalka microwave, uu keeni karo cudur sambabada oo halis ah oo loo yaqaan sambabada salool. Waagii hore, diacetyl waxay inta badan burburisay sambabada dadka ka shaqeeya warshadaha saloolada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa naxdin leh, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale jira isticmaaleyaal salool oo buka. Sidee looga fogaado qiiqa diacetyl? Cuntooyinkee ka kooban diacetyl?
Dhadhanka subagga khatarta ah - diacetyl
Kiimikada loo yaqaan 'diacetyl' waxay leedahay dhadhan subag leh oo xooggan oo aad u kala duwan, taas oo ah sababta ugu horrayn loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo salool microwave. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diacetyl ayaa sidoo kale loo haystay mas'uuliyadda waxa loogu yeero sanbabada salool (bronchiolitis obliterans) sanado.
Uumiga walaxda dhadhanka leh ayaa ah kuwo aad u dhib badan,sababtoo ah waxay xiraan kiishyada hawada ee sambabada marka la neefsado,taasoo mustaqbalka fog keeni karta nabar ku dhaca unugyada sambabada, khalkhal aad u weyn oo ku yimaada gaaska,iyo xitaa dhimasho.
Sambabada salool ee diacetyl
Horraantii 2000, maamulka caafimaadka ee Maraykanku waxa ay sheegeen in toban shaqaale ah oo ka shaqeeya warshad salool ah ay ku dhaceen bronkiolitis obliterans, laakiin taasi wax saamayn ah sharci kuma laha isticmaalka diacetyl wakhtigaas.
Ma ahayn ilaa todoba sano ka dib, ka dib markii dhowr dacwadood oo ka dhan ah soosaarayaasha dhadhanka subagga macmalka ah laga gudbiyay maxkamado kala duwan oo Maraykan ah, in waxa loogu yeero Popcorn Workers Lung Disease Act la ansixiyay.
Xeerkani wuxuu hadda ku qasbayaa Maamulka Badbaadada iyo Caafimaadka Shaqada ee Mareykanka inay dejiyaan heerar ku xiran diacetyl.
Yurub hadda waxba lagama qaban – sida ku cad hal-ku-dhigga “sugo oo arag oo cab shaaha”. Waxay ahayd 2010-kii kaliya in Guddiga Sayniska ee Xadka Soo-gaadhista Shaqada (SCOEL) ay soo saareen talo ku saabsan qiimaha xaddidan ee uumiga diacetyl ee goobta shaqada.
Laakiin hal sano ka dib (2011), cilmi-baaris cilmiyeed cusub ayaa muujisay in heerarka US iyo EU ee la qoray aysan ku filneyn inay si dhab ah u ilaaliyaan shaqaalaha warshadaha saloolada.
Qiimaha xaddidan ee ay ku taliyeen saynisyahannadu aad bay u hooseeyaan in xitaa qaar ka mid ah macaamiisha saloolku ay halis geli karaan - tanina waa waxa hore loo arkay:
Sambabada saloolku sidoo kale waxay ku jirtaa macaamiisha saloolada
Horaantii sannadkii 2007 kii, kiis sambabada salool ah ayaa laga helay nin aan ka shaqayn warshadda salool, balse maalin kasta si joogto ah u cuni jiray laba jawaan oo salool microwave-ka ah. Ilo wareedyo kala duwan ayaa ku waramaya in arrintani aysan ahayn mid kali ah. Laakin ilaalinta macaamiishu uma eka inay tan ilaa hadda xiisaynayso.
Doodda ku saabsan diacetyl iyo waxyaabaha kale ee cuntada lagu daro waxay heshay Hay'adda Badbaadada Cunnada Yurub (EFSA) si ay dib u qiimeyso dhadhanka kala duwan, laakiin ilaa maanta, sida muuqata ma aysan awoodin inay ogaadaan wax khatar ah oo macaamiisha ka imanaya diacetyl cuntada.
Isticmaalka dhadhanka subagga macmalka ah weli lama mamnuucin, inkastoo cilmi-baaristu ay muujisay in ku dhawaad dhammaan dhadhanka subagga salool ee macmalka ah - oo ka duwan subagga dhabta ah - ay soo saari karaan qadar sare oo qiiqa diacetyl ah marka la kululeeyo.
Qaar badan oo ka mid ah shirkado popcorn microwave ayaa hadda sameynaya diacetyl la'aanteed salool si ay u xaqiijiyaan macaamiishooda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diacetyl hadda waxaa lagu bedelay kiimikooyin kale oo aan daruuri ahayn ka wanaagsan.
Cuntooyinkee ka kooban diacetyl?
Diacetyl-ka macmalka ah ayaa wali laga helaa cuntooyin badan oo dhadhanka subagga oo kale ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah saliid shiilan oo dhadhan leh, margarine, cuntooyin cunto, iyo cunto fudud oo kala duwan. Inkasta oo diacetyl ay sidoo kale tahay qayb dabiici ah oo ka mid ah cuntooyinka kala duwan sida subagga dhabta ah, cuntooyinka dabiiciga ah guud ahaan waxay keenaan khatar yar.
Siidaynta diacetyl ee subagga, tusaale ahaan, ayaa marar badan ka hooseysa tan dhadhanka subagga macmalka ah ee la sheegay.
Laakiin maadaama subaggu uu sidoo kale bixiyo uumiga diacetyl marka la kululeeyo, waxaa la niyad-jabinayey sanado badan in loo isticmaalo subagga shiilan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray saliid shiilan oo aad u badan oo aad u dhadhansanaysa in muddo ah, kuwaas oo dhammaantood ur aad u badan oo subagga ah oo, yaab leh, aan cidina kula talin.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira fikrado ah in alaabooyinkani ay sidoo kale keenaan khatar caafimaad, maadaama ay sidoo kale sameeyaan uumiga marka la dubayo. Khaasatan cunto karisyada ama cunto karisyada hiwaayadda leh ayay khatartu saamayn kartaa.
Haddii aad rabto inaad iska ilaaliso dhadhanka subagga macmalka ah sababahan, waa inaad fiirisaa maaddooyinka. Laakiin ka taxaddar: Diacetyl waxay ku qarin kartaa ereyada "caraf", "caraf subag" iyo xitaa ka dambeeya "caraf udgoon subagga dabiiciga ah". Haddii aad rabto inaad ku jirto dhinaca nabdoon, waa inaad guud ahaan iska ilaalisaa alaabta dhadhanka leh - gaar ahaan kuwa ay tahay in la kululeeyo, maadaama khatarta diacetyl la og yahay inay ka timaaddo uumiga.
