John Myers
Introduction
Iranian cuisine is one of the oldest and most diverse in the world, with a rich history dating back to the ancient Persian Empire. The country’s unique location, situated at the crossroads of Asia and the Middle East, has led to a melting pot of cultures and culinary traditions that have influenced Iranian cuisine over the centuries. Despite these diverse influences, Iranian cuisine has maintained its unique identity, and there are several staple foods that are essential to Iranian cooking.
Rice: The King of Iranian Cuisine
Rice is the most important staple food in Iranian cuisine, and no Iranian meal is complete without it. Persian rice is unique in that it is steamed with oil and saffron, giving it a distinct golden color and delicate flavor. This method of cooking, known as chelow, produces a fluffy and aromatic rice that is perfect for soaking up rich stews and sauces. Iranians also use rice to make tahdig, a crispy and golden crust that forms at the bottom of the pot when the rice is cooked. Tahdig is considered a delicacy and is often served as a separate dish alongside the main course.
Flatbreads: A Staple in Every Iranian Meal
Flatbreads are another essential component of Iranian cuisine, and there are several varieties that are popular throughout the country. Lavash, a thin and flexible bread, is often used to wrap kebabs and other grilled meats. Sangak, a coarse and chewy bread, is baked on hot stones and is usually served with stews and dips. Barbari, a thick and fluffy bread with a crispy crust, is a popular breakfast food and is often eaten with feta cheese and fresh herbs.
Luscious Stews: the Heart of Iranian Cooking
Iranian stews, or khoresh, are hearty and flavorful dishes that are simmered slowly over low heat to create a rich and complex flavor. These stews are often made with tender cuts of meat, such as lamb or beef, and are flavored with a variety of herbs, spices, and fruits. Ghormeh sabzi, a stew made with herbs, kidney beans, and lamb, is one of the most popular dishes in Iran and is often served with chelow rice. Fesenjan, a sweet and tangy stew made with pomegranate paste and walnuts, is another beloved Iranian dish that is often served on special occasions.
Kebabs: A Treat for Meat Lovers
Kebabs are a staple in Iranian cuisine, and there are several varieties that are popular throughout the country. Chelo kabab koobideh, a dish made with minced lamb or beef that is seasoned with onions and spices and then grilled on skewers, is one of the most popular kebabs in Iran. Joojeh kabab, a dish made with marinated chicken that is grilled to perfection, is another beloved Iranian dish that is often served with saffron rice and grilled vegetables. Kebabs are usually served with lavash bread, fresh herbs, and grilled tomatoes.
Herbs and Spices: Essential Flavors in Iranian Cuisine
Herbs and spices are essential to Iranian cuisine, and they are used to add depth and complexity to dishes. Some of the most common herbs and spices used in Iranian cooking include saffron, turmeric, coriander, cumin, and cinnamon. Saffron is used to add a distinct floral flavor and golden color to rice dishes, while turmeric is used to add a warm and earthy flavor to stews and meats. Coriander, cumin, and cinnamon are often used together to create a complex and aromatic flavor that is unique to Iranian cuisine. Fresh herbs such as parsley, dill, and mint are also commonly used in Iranian cooking to add a bright and refreshing flavor to dishes.
