John Myers
Icaffeine ayifumaneki nje kwikofu okanye etini. Iyenzeka kwizityalo ezininzi njengokhuselo lwendalo kwizinambuzane. Emzimbeni womntu, i-caffeine isebenza njengento esebenza kwengqondo evuselela inkqubo ye-nervous central. Ikhafeyine nayo inefuthe lokuphelisa amanzi kancinci.
Isiselo esithambile
"Iziselo zekhabhoni", ezikwaziwa ngokuba ziziselo ezithambileyo okanye iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo, zibhekisa kuzo zonke ezo ziselo zinekharbon diokside inyibilikiswe emanzini. Yile kharbon diokside ezisa “ihiss” edumileyo ebhotileni. Ukongeza kwikharbon diokside, kukho inani lezinye "izithako" kwisiselo esithambileyo: enye itoti yodwa iqulathe malunga neitispuni ezilishumi zeswekile, iikhalori ezili-150, kunye ne-30 - 55 mg yecaffeine kwaye igcwele umbala wokutya kunye neesulfide.
Umkhwa ongathandekiyo!
Isiqulatho seswekile phantse kuzo zonke iziselo ezithambileyo singaphezulu kwemfuneko yemihla ngemihla. Ngoko ke akumangalisi ukuba iziselo ezithambileyo ngokukodwa zezona nxalenye inkulu kwiphiramidi yokutya yaseMelika: malunga ne-7% yenani elipheleleyo leekhalori.
Xa kuthethwa ngabantu abatsha, eli nani linyuke laya kutsho kwi-13%. Kwi-1998, ukusetyenziswa kwaminyaka yonke kweziselo zekhabhoni kumntu ngamnye kwakuyi-212.6 ilitha. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, nangona ukusetyenziswa e-US kwehle nge-7% ngo-2004, uninzi lwabantu baseMelika basasebenzisa izixa ezigqithisileyo zeziselo ezithambileyo.
Ngokutsho kwe-US National Soft Drinks Association (NSDA), ukusetyenziswa konyaka ngomntu ngamnye yi-600 ye-servings eyodwa ye-355 ml nganye. Ukusetyenziswa kuphindeke kathathu ukusukela ngo-1978 kumakhwenkwe kwaye kuphindwe kabini kumantombazana. Amakhwenkwe namadoda aphakathi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibini kunye nama-22 aphambili apha - ngeelitha ezingama-606 ngonyaka kwaye phantse iilitha ezi-1.9 ngosuku.
Izinto azikho ngcono kakhulu e-UK, apho ngaphezulu kwe-5.56 yezigidi zeelitha zeziselo ezihlwahlwazayo ziselwa minyaka le! Ngokujonga kubemi baseGreat Britain malunga. Izigidi ezingama-60.2, nto leyo ekhokelela kusetyenziso lonyaka ngomntu ngamnye ngaphezu kweelitha ezingama-92. IOstreliya ayisemva kakhulu. Ngokutsho kwe-Australian Bureau of Statistics, ukusetyenziswa ngonyaka ngomntu ngamnye kuye kwanda kwiminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo ukusuka kwi-47.3 ilitha (1969) ukuya kwi-113 ilitha (1999).
Ngubani ofuna amazinyo atyheli?
Iziselo ezithambileyo zisizisela izinto ezothusayo, enye yazo ingumonakalo omkhulu kwi-enamel yezinyo. Ukuqhubeka nokusela ezi ziselo zibandayo kunokubangela amazinyo atyheli kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele kwisifo samazinyo. Oku kungenxa yeasidi yephosphoric kwiziselo ezithambileyo, ekwakholeleka ukuba yenza kubenzima ukwetyisa.
I-Phosphoric acid iyonakalisa i-enamel yezinyo
Umzimba uhlala uzama ukugcina ixabiso layo lendalo, i-alkaline encinci ye-pH ye-7.4. Iziselo ezibandayo zine pH ye 2.0. Iasidi yazo iphezulu ngokuphindwe ngama-100,000 kunaleyo yamanzi acocekileyo. Iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo zishiya intsalela yeasidi emlonyeni, nto leyo yehlisa umgangatho wendalo wamathe.
Oku kungalingani kuvula indlela yokulungisa emzimbeni. Ukuguqula ixabiso le-PH elineasidi libuyele [kwi-alkaline eqhelekileyo], umzimba usebenzisa i-sg Neutralizers ezifana ne-calcium ion, z. B. kwenzeka ezinyo. Ngale ndlela, i-enamel yezinyo iyancipha kwaye iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe.
Kwaneziselo ezibhalwe “ayinaswekile” okanye “iswekile ethotyiweyo” zisenako ukuba neswekile eyaneleyo ukuba yonakalise amazinyo, kwaye neasidi yazo iyafana neziselo eziqhelekileyo zekhabhoni.
Le asidi inokubangela ukudumba kwesisu kwaye ikhokelela ekuqhekekeni komgca wesisu kwixesha elide. Okuxhalabisa nangakumbi: Umzamo oqhubekayo womzimba “wokulungisa” awukho ngokwemvelo, kuba indawo eneasidi eninzi, nayo ibekek’ ityala ngokulahleka kwamathambo.
Ukulahleka kwamathambo kunye nokwaphuka
Imikhwa yokutya ibonakaliswe ukuba inefuthe kwimpilo yethu. Kule meko impilo yamathambo ethu. I-US National Osteoporosis Society ithi malunga ne-55% yabo bonke abantu baseMelika, uninzi lwabasetyhini, basengozini enkulu ye-osteoporosis.
Ngaba iziselo ezithambileyo zinegalelo kwiOsteoporosis?
Inqaku lika-Oktobha 2006 kwi-American Journal of Clinical Nutrition libhekisela kuphononongo lwe-epidemiological olwenziwa nguKatherine Tucker kunye namaqabane akhe.
UKatherine Tucker ungumlawuli wabantu kunye nesondlo kwiJean Mayer USDA Research Centre kwiNutrition and Aging kwiYunivesithi yaseTufts eBoston, kwaye uphando lwakhe lubonisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukusela iziphuzo ze-carbonated kunokunciphisa ukuxinana kwamathambo kubasetyhini abadala, oko kwandisa umngcipheko we-osteoporosis. .
KwiSifundo seFramingham Osteoporosis, uTucker kunye nabasebenzisana naye bafunde ngaphezu kwe-2,500 abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala be-60. Bathatha imilinganiselo yobuninzi bethambo ukusuka kwintlambo kunye nemimandla emithathu eyahlukeneyo ye-hip kwaye bafumanisa ukuba ukuxinwa kwamathambo kwabasetyhini abasela i-coke rhoqo baye bancipha nge-4 I-% kuyo yomithathu imimandla ye-hip, kungakhathaliseki ubudala babo, nokuba bakwixesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni, bathathe i-calcium eyongezelelweyo okanye izongezo ze-vitamin D, okanye basele utywala kunye nemidiza.
Iqela ekujoliswe kulo: abantwana besikolo
Ayikokugxeka ulutsha okanye abantu abadala ngokutya kwabo okungafanelekanga. Iinkampani zesiselo esinxilisayo, kwelinye icala, kunye nenani lezifundo zonyango, zihlala zingxamile ukufuna unobangela wokuwohloka kwezinto zamathambo kuphela kwabo bachaphazelekayo. Iziselo ezibandayo zifanele zibe netyala njani ukuba ekuphela kwento etyiwayo ngokwenene ayilunganga?
Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyayibetha ngoyaba inyani yokuba ziikhalori ezingenanto kanye ezithathwe kunye neziselo ezithambileyo ezinokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni ngumdla kwaye kamva ekungondleki. Ngelishwa, ezona ziselo zisetyenziswayo ziphambili ezikolweni.
Iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo zithathe indawo yobisi njengesona siselo. Hayi kuphela kwabaselula kodwa nakubantu abadala. Ukususela ngo-1985 ukuya ku-1997, ii-odolo zesikolo zobisi zehle phantse ngama-30% ngelixa ii-odolo zeziselo zekhabhoni zonyuka.
Izikolo zizithengisela iinkampani zeziselo ezinxilisayo
Kutheni izikolo zithenga iziselo ezikhulu kangaka kwasekuqaleni? Lo mbuzo ukhokelela komnye umba oyingxaki: Ekubeni uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwezikolo lusoloko lungonelanga ukufikelela kuzo zonke iinkalo zesikolo – ingakumbi ezo zisebenzela ulonwabo olusebenzayo nezilala ngaphandle kwekharityhulamu – izikolo ezininzi zingena kwizivumelwano neenkampani zeziselo ezinxilisayo.
Kwi-1993, umzekelo, iSekethe ye-11 e-Colorado Springs yaba ngowokuqala e-US ukuba asayine isivumelwano kunye no-Burger King, owathi ke waqhuba intengiso enkulu kunye neebhodi zebhodi kwii-corridors zesikolo kunye neebhasi zesikolo. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, isithili satyikitya isivumelwano seminyaka elishumi neCoca-Cola ngezigidi ezili-11 zeerandi.
Ezi khontrakthi zibeka ubuncinane bokuthengwa konyaka, okuthetha ukuba abafundi bakhuthazwa ngokuphandle ukuba bathenge kwaye bavunyelwe nokuba bathathe iziselo ezibandayo eklasini. Ngolu hlobo lwekontraka luphakamisa inkxalabo, iibhodi zezikolo ezizithengisayo kwiinkampani zesiselo esihlwahlwazayo ziye zaqwalaselwa ngakumbi.
Ayizozikolo kuphela ekujoliswe kuzo kwiinkampani ze-cola. Umzekelo, iCoca-Cola, kuthiwa ihlawule izigidi ezingama-60 zeedola zaseMelika kwiiKlabhu zamantombazana kunye namakhwenkwe aseMelika ukuze kuthengiswe kuphela iimveliso zeCoca-Cola kwiiklabhu ezingaphezu kwama-2,000.
Le mali ibonakala inkulu ekuqaleni, kodwa ekugqibeleni, iCoca-Cola ifumana inzuzo ephezulu. Kuba xa inkampani efana neCoca-Cola ibeka umyinge wayo omncinci wokukhula ngonyaka kuma-25 ekhulwini, amaqela amatsha abathengi kufuneka aphumelele. Imarike yabantu abadala ibonakala inzima, kwaye ke abantwana baba zizinto ezinqwenelekayo.
Ngaba ungathanda iglasi yezibulali zinambuzane?
Iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo zinezixa ezikhulu zefluoride nobunye ukungcola kunye neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ezinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi zempilo. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, i-chlorine, i-trihalomethane, isinyithi, i-cadmium, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo.
Kumazwe asakhasayo kuphela apho kukho ukungcoliswa kweziselo ezibandayo. Ngokomzekelo, eIndiya, iZiko leNzululwazi kunye nokusiNgqongileyo (CSE), umbutho ozimeleyo egameni loluntu ngokubanzi - lifumene amanqanaba aphezulu nangaphezulu amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi kwezinye iziselo ezibandayo.
Nangona iminyaka emithathu yokuxoxisana kunye neentlanganiso ze-20, i-Bureau yeMigangatho yaseIndiya (AS) ayikaseka izikhokelo zendalo yonke yeziselo ezithambileyo.
Endaweni yoko, ababukeli bakamabonwakude bajongana nohlobo olutsha lwentengiso: iinkwenkwezi ezisebenza njengomlomo kwiinkampani zesiselo esihlwahlwazayo, ezibatyikityayo ngokubanga ukuba isiselo ekuthethwa ngaso asinabungozi kwaphela. Nangona kunjalo, i-cola ayinabungozi. Ayinikezi umzimba ngezondlo-i-acids kuphela, i-pesticides, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo!
Iziselo ezinesondlo-Kutheni kufuneka sizisele?
Lo mbuzo ubetha eyona ngongoma ibuthathaka. Kutheni sinokusela into engenazo izondlo kwaye, okubi ngakumbi, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo? Ngaba ukwanda kokuthandwa kweziselo ezibandayo kubangelwa kukungakhathali kwethu? Abagxeki abasakwazi ukufikelela kumajelo amakhulu eendaba!
Kwangowe-1942, iBhunga leAmerican Medical Association kuKutya neSondlo labhengeza oku kulandelayo:
"Ngokwembono yezempilo, kuya kufaneleka ukunciphisa iswekile ekudleni okungenasondlo, njenge-confectionery kunye neziphuzo ezithambileyo ze-carbonated. IBhunga likholelwa ekubeni isithintelo esinjalo, esiya kuba yingenelo kwimpilo yomntu wonke, siyimfuneko yaye sifanele sisetyenziswe xa umlinganiselo phakathi kwexabiso lesondlo kunye nokutya ungasachanekanga, okt xa ukutya kuphantse kube yinxalenye yezithako ezinesondlo ngaphandle kweswekile. .”
Iswekile iguqulwa ibe ngamafutha emzimbeni
Okubaluleke kakhulu, zonke iziselo ezithambileyo, kubandakanywa neziselo zamandla, aziboneleli nto isondlo. Iikhalori abaza nazo ngenxa yesiqulatho seswekile zikwabizwa ngokuba “ziikhalori ezingenanto”; emzimbeni, zijika zibe ngamanqatha kwaye ekugqibeleni zinokukhokelela ekutyebeni nasekutyebeni. Ukuba siyakhumbula ukuba kuphezulu kangakanani ukusetyenziswa kwe-cola e-USA, akufanele kusimangalise ukuba uphando lwakutsha nje lufumene ukuba isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abadala kunye nomntwana omnye kwabathathu e-USA bakhuluphele.
"Indlela yethu yokuphila" yanamhlanje, ekwabandakanya ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweziselo ezinxilisayo, kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu kuba ihlala ilungiselela isiseko sezinto ezibizwa ngokuba "zizifo zempucuko" ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukungoneli kwentliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, imivimbo, okanye umhlaza.
Iziselo zokutya - nantoni na kodwa enempilo
Okubizwa ngokuba ziziselo zokutya ezithembisa umxholo weswekile ephantsi kodwa endaweni yoko ziqulethe i-aspartame inokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwamadlala.
Izifo ezininzi, ezinjengamathumba ebuchotsheni, iziphene zokuzalwa, ukuguquguquka kweemvakalelo, okanye ukuxhuzula zinxulunyaniswa nako; Ukongezelela, i-aspartame, xa igcinwe ixesha elide okanye ibekwe kwindawo efudumeleyo, iguqulela kwi-methanol, utywala, eguqulela kwi-formaldehyde kunye ne-asidi ye-formic, eyaziwayo kuthi njenge-carcinogens, izinto ezibangela umhlaza.
I-saccharin ye-sweetener eyenziweyo, esetyenziswa kuphela ziinkampani ezimbalwa kule mihla, ithathwa njengenye yezinto ezibangela umhlaza wesinyi kuphando lwabantu kunye nolwezilwanyana, kwaye kunyango lwezilwanyana, ikwanxulunyaniswa nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. I-Acesulfame-K, esetyenziswa kwiPepsi One, okwangoku kukholelwa ukuba ayinabungozi, kodwa akukho mntu waziyo ukuba uphando lwexesha elizayo luya kuzisa ntoni.
Ngaba ungathanda i-overdose yamandla?
Uphando olutshanje, olunikezelwe kwiNgqungquthela yeNzululwazi ye-American Emergency Physicians Scientific eNew Orleans, ikhuphe ukukhanya okubalulekileyo "kumandla" okubizwa ngokuba ziziphuzo zamandla.
Kwithuba leminyaka emithathu, uGqr Danielle McCarthy kunye nabasebenzisana naye kwiYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern baqhubela phambili zonke iingxelo zefowuni ezifunyenwe kwi-Toxicology Institute e-Illinois, e-Chicago. Iqela lophando ligxile kwiingxelo eziphathelele amayeza ane-caffeine kunye nezinto ezithatha indawo ye-caffeine. Ikofu okanye izinto zeti ngokwazo bezishiywe kolu phononongo.
Iziphumo ziyothusa, ukutsho nje kancinci. Kukho iingxelo ezingaphezu kwama-250 zokuphazamiseka komzimba emva kokuthatha indawo ye-caffeine. Abantu abangama-31 babedinga unyango lwabagula kakhulu kwaye kwafuneka ukuba baye kwigumbi labagula kakhulu. Abantu babeneminyaka engama-21 ubudala. Uninzi lweemeko ezixeliweyo zokugqithiswa kwe-caffeine ziye zabandakanya ulutsha oluthathe izinto ezikhuthazayo ezifana ne-NoDoz okanye iziselo zamandla, zihlala zidibene nezinye iziyobisi okanye utywala.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwecaffeine kuneziphumo zempilo
Uphononongo lubonisa ukukhanya okubuhlungu malunga nokungabikho kolwazi jikelele kunye nokungazi malunga nemiphumo emibi ye-caffeine substitutes. UGqr McCarthy ukhupha isilumkiso esinamandla:
“Ulutsha olusebenzisa icaffeine ukuze luhlale luthe qwa okanye luzive lonwabile luzifumanisa lukwigumbi likaxakeka kaninzi kunokuba umntu ebenokucinga. Yiyo loo nto ulutsha olukwishumi elivisayo olulaliswe esibhedlele luneentlungu zesifuba okanye lunesingqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga lungafane lubuze imibuzo ngokusebenzisa kwalo izinto ezithatha indawo yecaffeine kuba wonke umntu ucinga ukuba zikhuselekile.”
Uninzi lwabantu lunokucinga ukuba ulutsha olusebenzisa kakubi i-caffeine kufuneka lusebenzise ezinye iziyobisi. Oku akuyonyani ngokupheleleyo, njengoko i-68% yamatyala axeliweyo abandakanya i-caffeine kuphela.
Ngelixa uninzi lwabantu ekwafuneka balaliswe esibhedlele bathathe umxube wecaffeine kunye namanye amayeza, oko kufanele kusinike isizathu sokukhathazeka ukuba ukugqithisela kwinto efana necaffeine, edla ngokuthathwa njengohlobo "lokutya," kunokubangela umzimba omkhulu. umonakalo unokukhokelela kwiingxaki.
Isiselo Samandla + Utywala = ICocktail Eyingozi
Umxube weziselo zamandla kunye ne-vodka yi-cocktail ethandwa kakhulu, ngakumbi phakathi kwabaselula. Abantu abasele besonqena kwaye bozele emva kokusela utywala obuninzi baze batshintshele kwiziselo zamandla ngequbuliso batyekele ekuziphatheni ndlongondlongo, nto leyo edla ngokukhokelela kwizidubedube zasebusuku. I-caffeine inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nenani leengxaki zempilo. Ngoloyiko, ukuphuthelwa, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-arrhythmias yentliziyo, amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol, ukunqongophala kwevithamini kunye neeminerali, kodwa kunye namaqhuma amabele, kunye neziphene zokuzalwa.
I-caffeine iyaziwa ngokuvuselela umsebenzi we-adrenal gland. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweemali ezinkulu kunokukhokelela ekuphelelweni kwe-adrenaline kunye nokunciphisa, ngakumbi kubantwana. Abathandi besiselo esihlwahlwazayo kunye nesiselo samandla kufuneka bazi ukuba icaffeine yongezwa kwiziselo ezihlwahlwazayo ukwenza abathengi babe likhoboka.
Ingozi kukungazi ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe uya uxhomekeka. Izifundo zophando kwiziselo zekhabhoni ziyi-dime elinesibini! Ukucinga ngokutsha ngokubanzi kuya kufaneleka ngakumbi kwimeko kunokuba kuvele ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa umdla weendaba, okrokrela "amabali amatsha" kwezi ziphumo.
Cinga ngempilo yakho - nasebudaleni!
Isenokusikhuthaza ukuba sibuchaze ngokutsha ubomi bethu kwaye sithathele ingqalelo uphando lwezonyango, ngakumbi xa lubonisa ngokucacileyo ukubawela kwethu ukuthobela imiqobo yokuphila. Ukhetho lolwakho: i-cola kunye neziselo zamandla zezakho ngalo mzuzu ubuzayo! Nangona kunjalo, xa sele wenze umonakalo ongapheliyo emzimbeni wakho, ukubuza akuzukunceda nto! Ushishino lwesiselo aluyi kukubuyisela impilo yakho. Ycinge!
