John Myers
I-flavour enhancer glutamate ngoku ayisetyenziswanga kuphela ekutyeni okungabalekiyo okuluncedo kunye nezinongo. Ikwadumile nakwiindawo zokutyela kunye namakhitshi enkantini. Abathengi bathanda incasa emnandi, eneziqholo kwaye, kwelinye icala, abafane bathande izitya zendalo ezinencasa – nto leyo esizisa kwisiphumo sokuqala sesiphuculi sencasa. Ukutya okunencasa ye-glutamate kumnandi kakhulu kubantu abaninzi kangangokuba abakwazi ukuyeka ukutya - isizathu esibalulekileyo sokutyeba, okuxhaphake kakhulu namhlanje.
Iziphuculi zencasa zizinto zekhemikhali
Iziphuculi zencasa ezongeziweyo kwimizi-mveliso ayizoziqholo, kodwa zizinto zekhemikhali ezilinganisa imvakalelo yokulamba engqondweni, ngaphandle kwevumba lokutya, ukwenzela ukuba kuthengiswe imveliso enencasa yethiyori engenakutyiwa.
Ekubeni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-glutamates eziqhelekileyo (i-sodium glutamate, i-potassium glutamate, i-calcium glutamate, kunye ne-glutamic acid) ziphantse zifane kwindlela yazo yokusebenza, siya kuthetha nge-"glutamate" elandelayo.
Ukusuka kwimbono ye-neurological, i-glutamate sisiyobisi. Yikhompawundi ye-amino acid ekhobokisayo engena egazini ngeenwebu ze-mucous kwaye ukusuka apho iye ngqo kwingqondo yethu, kuba iimolekyuli ezincinci ze-glutamate zoyisa ngokulula umqobo wethu okhuselayo wegazi.
IGlutamate sisiyobisi esikhobokisayo
Ngokuchasene neziyobisi ezaziwa kakhulu, i-glutamate ayikwenzi ngokuyinhloko ukuba "uphezulu", kodwa idala ngokufanelekileyo ukutya, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuphazamisa umsebenzi wengqondo yethu. Ukongeza kwimisebenzi esisiseko yomzimba, isiqu sobuchopho (i-limbic system) ilawula imbono yethu yeemvakalelo kwaye ke nendlala yethu.
Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka, i-glutamate ibangela ukubila kunye nemiphumo yoxinzelelo njengentlungu yesisu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nokubetha. Ihlala ikhokelela kwi-migraines kubantu abanobucayi ngakumbi.
Uluvo lweemvakalelo luthintelwe kakhulu kunye nobuchule bokufunda kunye nokukwazi ukugxila ngokubanzi kuncipha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezininzi emva kokuthatha i-glutamate. Kubantu abane-allergies, i-glutamate inokubangela ukuxhuzula okanye ukufa kwangoko ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokuphefumla.
Umonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho ofunyenwe kwimifuniselo yezilwanyana
Kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana, i-flavour enhancer glutamate ibangele umonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho; Yayisetyenziswa kwiimpuku ezikhulelweyo ngokutya kwiidosi ezifana nezo zinikwe umz.
Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa mhlawumbi ngezazingazange ziphile ngokwendalo.
Utshintsho olucacileyo lobuchopho lwenzekile nakwizilwanyana ezindala. Kwanowona monakalo mkhulu kakhulu wengqondo emva kokuphazamiseka akubangelwa kukuba ukungabikho kweoksijini kutshabalalisa inani elikhulu leeseli zengqondo; iiseli ezimbalwa ezitshatyalaliswe ngokwenene ngale ndlela zikhupha izixa ezikhulu ze-glutamate, ezibangela eyona ntshabalalo inkulu.
Izandla phezulu - kwaye akukho mntu uthetha ngayo?
Ishishini lokutya liyamelana noku kwaye mhlawumbi liye laqinisekisa, ngeminikelo yesisa yemali, ukuba izibhengezo ezimbalwa zamaphephandaba ezichasene ne-glutamate azinakudala ihlazo.
Iibhiliyoni zixhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni kwezo “zixhasi zencasa”; Ukuba, umzekelo, incasa yekhrimu yesuphu ye-asparagus engxoweni yaphawuleka ngequbuliso, uninzi lwabantu mhlawumbi luya kufumana ivumba layo, incasa yencama yomgubo onetyuwa, engenakutyiwa.
IGlutamate ekutyeni iyonakalisa iretina
Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, indlela abantu abatya ngayo inokubangela uhlobo olukhethekileyo lweglaucoma.
Ukuba utya ukutya okuninzi kunye nencasa ye-monosodium glutamate ixesha elide, ubeka umngcipheko emehlweni akho. Izazinzulu ezisebenza noProf. Hiroshi Ohguro weYunivesithi yaseHirosaki, eJapan, ngokutsho kwengxelo yakutshanje kwiphephancwadi iNew Scientist.
Abaphandi baye bakwazi ukubonisa kwiimvavanyo zeempuku ukuba izilwanyana zondla ukutya okunomxholo ophezulu we-glutamate kwiinyanga ezintandathu zaphuhliswa kakhulu iiretina ezibhityileyo kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zade zaphulukana namehlo abo.
Iziphuculi zencasa ziyaqokelelana
Inkokeli yophando u-Ohguro uqinisekisile ukuba izixa eziphezulu kakhulu ze-glutamate ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenzisiwe kuphononongo, kodwa khange afune ukunika umda osezantsi ochanekileyo wokuba into ingabi nabungozi ngokupheleleyo. Ngamadosi asezantsi ekutyeni, isiphumo sinokubonakala kuphela emva kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka.
U-Ohguro ukholelwa ukuba uphando olutsha lunokunceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni i-East Asia - apho i-monosodium glutamate (MSG) isisithako esiqhelekileyo sokutya okuninzi - ixhaphake kakhulu kwindlela ethile ye-glaucoma ngaphandle koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo oluphakanyisiweyo lwe-intraocular.
