Micah Stanley
Ngokuvamile kuthiwa ngaphandle kokuyidla inyama, ingqondo yomuntu yayingeke ithuthuke ibe yilokho eyikho namuhla ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ocwaningweni lwangoJanuwari 2022, nokho, le thesis iyabuzwa.
Ubuchopho bomuntu kuthiwa buthuthuke ngenyama kuphela
Kuyaye kuthiwe ngenxa yokuthi okhokho bethu baqala ukudla inyama eningi futhi bakwazi ukuyihlinza ngamathuluzi asanda kusungulwa, ubuchopho babo bebungathuthuka. Futhi hhayi lokho kuphela. Ngenxa yomsebenzi omncane wokuhlafuna, amazinyo akhe abe mancane, futhi izici zakhe zobuso ziyabhebhetheka (umuntu ngaphezulu). Yile ndlela futhi imfuneko yokuthuthukiswa kolimi yadalwa ngayo.
Kuthiwa lokhu bekungeke kwenzeke ngokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuphela, ngoba umsebenzi wokuhlafuna ubuyodinga amandla nama-calories amaningi kakhulu. Inyama egayiwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, idinga ukuhlafunwa kancane kuphela, futhi ukugaya nakho kusebenza kahle - okungukuthi inikeza amandla amaningi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amaningi ngesikhathi sokugaya ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngamafuphi: ngenxa yenyama esikuyo namuhla, ngokusho kwenkolelo yokuthi abantu abaningi bajabule kakhulu ukukholelwa.
Besiyohlala izinkawu ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni?
Ngakho-ke ngabe sisahleli ezihlahleni sidla amahlamvu futhi sihlonyiswe ngobuchopho obuncane ukube okhokho bethu babenqume ukuphindela emuva emini? Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kulesi simo, ngeke kudingeke sikhathazeke ngemfucuza yenuzi, ukugoma okuyimpoqo, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu namuhla, cishe akulona ngisho iqiniso.
NgoJanuwari 2022, ucwaningo olubuza ukubaluleka kokusetshenziswa kwenyama ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo komuntu lwavela kumagazini i-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Ingabe inyama yasenza abantu?
Akungabazeki ukuthi ubuchopho obukhulu babonwa okokuqala e-Homo erectus eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-2 edlule. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi uHomo erectus - njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla - washintsha ukudla kwakhe, okungukuthi wadla imifino embalwa kanye nenyama eyengeziwe futhi waphinde waqoba ukudla kwakhe.
Kodwa-ke - ngokusho kwababhali bocwaningo mayelana ne-paleoanthropologist uDkt W. Andrew Barr - kunalokho kuwumphumela ohlanekezelwe wokugxila ohlangothini olulodwa nokwandayo kule nkathi. Umuntu ubheka izinkomba zokwanda kokusetshenziswa kwenyama ngemuva kokuvela kwe-Homo erectus etholayo, futhi uzibonele ubufakazi be-hypothesis ethi "Inyama yasenza abantu".
UDkt Barr uyachaza, “Kodwa-ke, uma wena (njengoba senza) usebenzisa izindlela zokulinganisa ukuze uhlaziye imininingwane evela ezindaweni eziningi zemivubukulo kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga Afrika, inkolelo-mbono iqala ukucasuka.”
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kwakunganyukile ngaleso sikhathi
Ocwaningweni lwabo, u-Barr nozakwabo basebenzisa idatha evela ezindaweni eziyisishiyagalolunye ezibalulekile zocwaningo eMpumalanga Afrika, kuhlanganise nezingosi ze-59 ezihlinzeka ngedatha kusukela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-2.6 kuya kweziyi-1.2 edlule. Kwahlolwa okunhlobonhlobo okutholakele, isb. B. Amathambo ezilwane abonisa imikhondo ecacile yamathuluzi okusika, lapho kwakubalulekile futhi ukuthi mangaki amathambo anjalo angatholakala ezindaweni ezifanele.
Kuvele ukuthi akukho okuningi okutholakele esikhathini esishiwo okungafakazela ukwanda kokudliwa kwenyama. Inani eliphakeme eliphelele lokutholwa lalingenxa yokuthi amasampula engeziwe athathwe kamuva nje.
Khona-ke yini eyenza ubuchopho bethu bakhule?
Ngakho-ke uma kwakungekho ukwanda kokudliwa kwenyama ngaleso sikhathi, umuntu kwakuzodingeka afune izizathu zangempela zezinguquko ze-anatomical ezenza abantu banamuhla baphume kokhokho bethu.
Incazelo engenzeka ukuthi okhokho bethu bafunda ukusebenzisa umlilo nokupheka ukudla kwabo. Ngale ndlela, bakwazi ukudla ukudla okuningi okusekelwe ezitshalweni ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuhlafuna ochitha isikhathi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwanda, i-bioavailability yezakhi eziqukethwe.
Enye ingxabano encane yokudla inyama
"Ngicabanga ukuthi ukutadisha kwethu kanye nemiphumela yayo inesithakazelo hhayi kuphela emphakathini we-paleoanthropology kodwa kubo bonke abantu, kuhlanganise nalabo abathethelela ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwenyama ngezindaba zasendulo zobuchopho bomuntu obuguqukayo kuphela ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwenyama," kusho uBarr. “Ucwaningo lwethu lukhombisa ukuthi ukudla inyama eningi akukona okwadala izinguquko kokhokho bethu bakuqala.”
Ngaphezu kukaBarr, ithimba labacwaningi lalihlanganisa u-Briana Pobiner, umcwaningi ohlelweni lwe-Human Origins e-Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History kanye nomlobi-mbhali wocwaningo, uJohn Rowan, uprofesa osizayo we-anthropology e-University of Albany, no-Andrew Du, uprofesa osizayo we-anthropology kanye ne-geography e-Colorado State University kanye no-J. Tyler Faith, Uprofesa Ohlangene We-Anthropology e-University of Utah.
