John Myers
Sekuyiminyaka kwaziwa ukuthi ukunambitheka kwebhotela yokwenziwa (i-diacetyl), njengaleyo esetshenziswa ku-microwave popcorn, kungabangela isifo esiyingozi samaphaphu esaziwa ngokuthi i-popcorn lung. Esikhathini esedlule, i-diacetyl yayibhubhisa kakhulu amaphaphu abantu abasebenza ezimbonini ze-popcorn. Okwethusayo nokho, kukhona nabathengi be-popcorn abagulayo. Indlela yokugwema intuthu ye-diacetyl? Yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe i-diacetyl?
Ukunambitheka kwebhotela eliyingozi - i-diacetyl
Ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-diacetyl ine-flavour yebhotela eqinile futhi ehluke kakhulu, yingakho isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-microwave popcorn. Kodwa-ke, i-diacetyl nayo iboshelwe lokho okubizwa nge-popcorn lung (bronchiolitis obliterans) iminyaka.
Umhwamuko wento enambitheka uyingozi ngokwedlulele ngoba uvala amasaka omoya emaphashini lapho uhogeliwe, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuholele ekulimaleni kwezicubu zamaphaphu, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekuhwebeni kwegesi, ngisho nokufa.
Amaphaphu e-Popcorn nge-diacetyl
Emuva ngo-2000, iziphathimandla zezempilo zase-US zabika ukuthi izisebenzi eziyishumi embonini ye-popcorn zazingenwe i-bronchiolitis obliterans, kodwa lokhu akuzange kube nomthelela ongokomthetho ekusetshenzisweni kwe-diacetyl ngaleso sikhathi.
Kwaze kwaba yiminyaka eyisikhombisa kamuva, ngemva kokuba amacala amaningana abhekene nabakhiqizi bokufakelwa ibhotela efakwe ezinkantolo ezihlukahlukene zase-US, lapho kwaphasiswa lokho okubizwa nge-Popcorn Workers Lung Disease Prevention Act.
Lo mthetho manje ubophezela i-US Occupational Safety and Health Administration ukuthi ibeke izindinganiso ezibophezelayo ze-diacetyl.
Akukho osekwenziwe e-Europe njengamanje - ngokwesiqubulo esithi “linda ubone bese uphuza itiye”. Kwaba ngo-2010 kuphela lapho iKomidi Lesayensi Lemikhawuko Yokuchayeka Emsebenzini (SCOEL) lakhipha isincomo ngamavelu akhawulelwe ama-diacetyl vapour endaweni yokusebenza.
Kodwa ngemva konyaka owodwa nje (2011), ucwaningo olusha lwesayensi lwabonisa ukuthi izindinganiso ezinqunyiwe zase-US kanye ne-EU azanele ukuvikela abasebenzi ngempela ezimbonini ze-popcorn.
Amanani omkhawulo anconywe ososayensi aphansi kangangokuthi ngisho nabathengi abathile be-popcorn bangaba sengozini - futhi yilokhu osekubonwe kakade:
Amaphaphu e-Popcorn nawo kubathengi be-popcorn
Kusukela ngo-2007, kwatholakala icala le-popcorn lwamaphaphu endodeni engasebenzi efektri yama-popcorn, kodwa eyayidla kuphela izikhwama ezimbili ze-microwave popcorn ngosuku. Imithombo eyahlukene ibika ukuthi lokhu bekungelona icala elilodwa. Kodwa ukuvikelwa kwabathengi akubonakali kunentshisekelo kulokhu kuze kube manje.
Ingxoxo mayelana ne-diacetyl nezinye izithasiselo zokudla zithole i-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) ukuthi iphinde ihlole ukunambitheka okuhlukahlukene, kodwa kuze kube manje, ngokusobala abakwazanga ukukhomba ubungozi kubathengi kusuka ku-diacetyl ekudleni.
Ukusetshenziswa kokunambitheka kwebhotela lokwenziwa akukavinjelwa, nakuba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi cishe zonke izinongo zokwenziwa zebhotela le-popcorn - ngokungafani nebhotela langempela - zingakhipha ukugxila okuphezulu okuyingozi kwentuthu ye-diacetyl lapho kushisa.
Izinkampani eziningi ze-microwave popcorn manje zenza ngaphandle kwe-diacetyl ku-popcorn ukuze ziqinisekise amakhasimende azo. Kodwa-ke, i-diacetyl manje isithathelwe indawo amanye amakhemikhali angewona angcono.
Yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe i-diacetyl?
I-diacetyl yokwenziwa isatholakala ekudleni okuningi okunambitheka njengebhotela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amafutha okuthosa anongiwe, imajarini, imikhiqizo yokudla, nokudla okulula okuhlukahlukene. Nakuba i-diacetyl iphinde ibe yingxenye yemvelo yokudla okuhlukahlukene okufana nebhotela langempela, ukudla kwemvelo ngokuvamile akubangeli ingozi encane.
Ukukhishwa kwe-diacetyl kubhotela, ngokwesibonelo, kuphansi ngokuphindwe kaningi kunaleyo yamakhambi ebhotela lokwenziwa.
Kodwa njengoba ibhotela liphinde likhiphe umhwamuko we-diacetyl lapho lishiselwa, sekuphele iminyaka kungakhuthazwa ukusebenzisa ibhotela ukuthosa. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni salokho, sekunesikhathi eside kunamafutha okuthosa anephunga elimnandi, wonke anuka kakhulu ibhotela futhi okuxakayo ukuthi akekho oweluleka ngokumelene nawo.
Kodwa-ke, kunemibono yokuthi le mikhiqizo nayo ibeka engcupheni impilo, ngoba iphinde yakhe umhwamuko lapho iyosiwa. Ikakhulukazi abapheki noma abapheki abazilibazisa bangathinteka kule ngozi.
Uma ufuna ukugwema ukunambitheka kwebhotela lokwenziwa ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kufanele ubheke izithako. Kodwa qaphela: I-Diacetyl ingacasha ngemuva kwamagama athi "iphunga", "iphunga lebhotela" ngisho nangemuva "kwephunga lebhotela lemvelo". Uma ufuna ukuba ohlangothini oluphephile, kufanele ngokuvamile ugweme imikhiqizo enambitheka - ikakhulukazi leyo okufanele ifudunyezwe, ngoba ingozi ye-diacetyl iyaziwa ukuthi ivela ku-vapor.
