How Do You Recognize Underweight?

A body mass index (BMI) of under 19 in adult women is said to be underweight, and in men a BMI of under 20. Different guide values ​​apply for children and adolescents under the age of 18. Externally, those affected recognize underweight by their very slim to thin figure.

The BMI indicates the ratio of body weight to height. It is calculated as body weight (in kilograms) divided by height (in meters) squared. You can calculate your personal body mass index with the BMI calculator.

However, being underweight does not necessarily mean malnutrition. As long as those affected are thin but otherwise in good health and eat a balanced diet, the low BMI is not a cause for concern. Malnutrition can only lead to dangerous deficiency symptoms because the body is not being supplied with enough energy and nutrients.

In extreme cases, malnutrition can be recognized by paleness, hair loss, changes in the fingernails, and frequent inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes. Those affected feel weak, listless, tired, cannot concentrate well, freeze quickly, and are more susceptible to illness. Basically, malnutrition and underweight are very rare in industrialized countries.

However, mental or physical illnesses can lead to insufficient food and nutrient intake. For example, people who suffer from eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia are affected. Diseases such as cancer, Crohn’s disease or HIV infections, on the other hand, can prevent the body from utilizing the nutrients it has absorbed. Other diseases, such as an overactive thyroid or adrenal insufficiency, in turn cause increased metabolism, so that more nutrients are needed.