Emma Miller
Sei chokoreti ichiwana jira jena? Pamwe munhu wese anoda chokoreti akazvibvunza mubvunzo uyu nekuti vakaramba vachisangana nepfungwa yakadai senge chena kana "inotumbuka" chokoreti.
Ichi chinoshamisa chiitiko chave chiri chinyengeri chechocolatier kubvira nyika yakatanga kugadzira zviputi zvinotapira pakati pemakore ekuma1800 apo British confectioner Joseph Fry akawana kuti chokoreti inogona kuoma kana yakanyunguduka cocoa butter yakawedzerwa kuDutch cocoa.
Kutaura zvazviri, kupfekedzwa kuchena kuchiri “kukanganisika kwakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvechokoreti zvapera,” anodaro Michael Laiskonis, mubiki wemakeke paInstitute of Culinary Education. Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuziva pamberi perwendo rwako runotevera kuenda kunzvimbo yemaswiti.
Chii chinonzi chokoreti coating?
Kune marudzi maviri echokoreti coating: mafuta uye shuga. Mafuta acho anotaridzika se“pamusoro pemwedzi,” anodaro Nick Sharma, nyanzvi yezvesayenzi yezvinhu zvipenyu yakachinja kuva munyori webhuku rekubika. Chocolate inogona kuita sechalky, ine mitsetse yakareruka uye grey, anodaro Christopher Elbow, muridzi wechitoro chechokoreti chinozivikanwa muKansas City.
Zvichakadaro, shuga “kuchena” kunowanzoonekwa nemavara machena ane makamba machena kana kunyange chitarisiko chine guruva, anodaro Suzanne Yoon, muvambi weStick With Me Sweets, chitoro chechokoreti cheNew York.
Zvisinei, hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kutaura musiyano. Maererano neLaiskonis, mafuta uye shuga "graying" inogona kuitika panguva imwe chete. "Dzimwe nguva zvinoonekwa zvidiki, uye chokoreti inongorasikirwa nekupenya kwayo." Pasinei nezvimwe zvakafanana zvekunze, mafuta uye shuga graying zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana.
Chii chinoita kuti chokoreti itumbuke?
Mafuta "greying" anowanzoitika panguva yekugadzira kana kuchengetedza chokoreti. Kana kudziyisa nokutonhodza kunodzikamisa uye kuomesa koko, bhata recocoa, uye chokoreti yeshuga zvinova “zvinopenya uye zvinonyauka uye zvinonyunguduka pasi petembiricha yomuviri,” anodaro musayendisiti Ariel Johnson. Asi kana iwe ukarega chimedu chechokoreti chichipisa zvakanyanya, makristasi emafuta achanyunguduka uye "anoitazve chimiro chisina kugadzikana," anodaro Laiskonis. Izvi ndizvo zvinogadzira kutaridzika kwe "mafuta streaks pamusoro pechokoreti," anowedzera Yoon.
Sarah Flanders, mumwe muridzi weSalt Rock Chocolate Co. dzimwe nguva anosangana nezvigamba zvakakora paanopisa chokoreti kuti agadzire maapricots, mabhawa eGrape-Nuts, nemasumbu enzungu. "Kana chokoreti yakanyungudutswa ichipisa zvakanyanya patinoigadzira, cocoa butter inoparadzana, yokwira kumusoro uye kuoma, ichisiya mafuta machena asara," anodaro. “Izvi zvinogonawo kuitika kana chokoreti ikasaoma nokukurumidza zvakakwana,” anotsanangura kudaro.
Sekureva kwaLaiskonis, zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvisina kunaka zvinogona kukonzera kuchena kwemafuta muchokoreti, senge mafuta ari kutama kunze kubva pakati pemanuts akafukidzwa nechokoreti. Kunyange zvazvo marudzi ose echokoreti achigona kugadzira mafuta, “chokoreti yakasviba ndiyo inonyanya kutapukirwa,” anodaro Laiskonis. "Zvinotendwa kuti mafuta mashoma emukaka anowanikwa mumukaka nechokoreti chena anogona kudzivirira kuumbwa kwawo kusvika pamwero wakati."
Kune rimwe divi, kuchena kweshuga kunoitika kana chokoreti yasangana nehunyoro. Shuga ine hygroscopic, anodaro Sharma, zvinoreva kuti "inotora unyoro." Kana mhepo yakanyanya kunyorova, shuga inotora mvura, inonyungudika, yobva yashanduka kuita makristasi makuru anozogara pamusoro pechokoreti.
Sekureva kwaLaiskonis, kusangana kwakananga nemvura kana kukurumidza kushanduka kwezvakatipoteredza, sekufambisa chigadzirwa kubva kunotonhora kusvika kune inodziya tembiricha, zvinogona kuita kuti bhawa riite condense, izvo zvinotungamirawo kune shuga graying.
Chocolate ine jira jena: unogona kuidya here?
Iyo chokoreti yekuputira inogona kutaridzika isingafadzi, asi yakachengeteka zvachose kuidya. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti iwe uchada kuidya, sezvo kuravira uye magadzirirwo zvingasiyana.
“Ruva racho rinowanzotorera chokoreti humwe unhu hwayo hunonakidza zvikuru,” anodaro Laiskonis. Maererano neElbow, chokoreti ine mafuta ekuputira inogona kunge yakafanana necocoa butter. Mamiriro acho ane "wakisi kana kuti crumbly zvichienzaniswa nechokoreti yakadziya uye yakachengetwa," Johnson anowedzera. Maererano naLaiskonis, chokoreti ine shuga yakaputirwa inogona kunge iine "grainy" mouthfeel.
Kupfeka kuchena pachokoti - sei kuibvisa?
Hazviiti nguva dzose kudzivirira chokoreti "kuchena," asi kuchengetedza kwakakodzera kunobatsira zvechokwadi. “Kuti udzivirire mbariro dzako pamhando dzose dziri mbiri dzokutumbuka, iva nechokwadi chokuti dzakaputirwa zvakanaka ndokudzichengeta munzvimbo inotonhorera, yakaoma,” anodaro Johnson. Izvi zvinorambidza firiji, "iyo yakanyanya kunyorova." Kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo inopisa zvekuti firiji ndiyo yega sarudzo yako, anokurudzira kuvhara chokoreti zvakasimba nepurasitiki yekuputira uye kuisa mbariro mubhegi rezip-yepamusoro kudzivirira hunyoro kubva mukati.
Chii chekuita kana chokoreti ikaita chena?
Chocolate discoloration hazvirevi kupera kwekubata kwako. Chocolate ichiri yakanakira kunyunguduka, kubika, kana kubika,” anodaro Elbow. Sharma anokurudzira kunyungudutsa chokoreti iri kutumbuka kuti izadze, kana kucheka nekuishandisa mune zvakabikwa sekiki. Apo dambudziko rekuchena kweshuga rinomuka, Laiskonis anoshandisa iyo kugadzira mousse kana ganache, "apo makristasi makuru eshuga achaparara," anodaro. Asi iwe unogonawo kungoidya.
