Mefuta ea Bohobe ba Sejeremane le Lisebelisoa

Ka 2014, setso sa mahobe sa Jeremane se ile sa amoheloa ke UNESCO e le lefa le sa tšoareheng la setso sa Majeremane ka lebaka la mefuta-futa ea eona e ikhethang. Re tla u bontša hore na ke mefuta efe ea bohobe ba Sejeremane e leng setso sena sa bohobe le hore na bo lokisoa joang ka moetlo!

Mefuta e fetang 300 ea bohobe

Bohobe ba mofuta oa Sejeremane bo etsoa ka mekhoa ea khale ea matsoho 'me bo na le metsoako e itseng ea mantlha ea tlhaho. Ho fapana ha mefuta e fapaneng ho bakoa ke metsoako e fapaneng, mekhoa e mengata e fapaneng ea tlhahiso, le tšebeliso ea mefuta e mengata ea lionto. Ho na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea bohobe bo apehoang ka mocheso o fapaneng le maemo a mongobo. Ka kakaretso ho na le mefuta e mengata ea mefuta-futa ea bohobe ba sebaka seo, palo e tobileng ea eona e sa tsejoe.

Ntle le theknoloji ea sejoale-joale le Marang-rang, ho ne ho se na kakaretso ea lipalo tsa mefuta ea bohobe ba Jeremane. Lirekoto tse hasaneng hohle li lumelletse ho feta likhakanyo feela. Khakanyo e joalo e ile ea etsoa ke Federal Institute for Grain, Potato and Fat Research (pele ho Max Rubner Institute, Federal Research Institute for Nutrition le Food) lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng. Sena se ile sa fella ka mefuta e 300 ea bohobe ba Jeremane, palo e e-s'o ka e hlahlojoa empa e ntse e qotsoa hangata mecheng ea litaba kajeno. Litsebi li ne li batla ho tseba ho eketsehileng, bakeng sa "Rekoto ea Lefatše ea Bohobe" ka 2005, mefuta e fetang 1000 ea bohobe e ngotsoe ka menyetla ea kajeno ea digital. Ha hoa ngoloa hore na ke tse kae tsa tsona tseo e neng e hlile e le mahobe a matsoho, hobane ho na le bothata ba ho bala mefuta ea bohobe.

Phapang ka mekhoa e mecha ea tlhahiso

Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, mesebetsi e mengata ea matsoho e ile ea nkeloa sebaka ke mekhoa ea tlhahiso e potlakileng. Tlhahisong ea setso, hlama ea bohobe e lokisoa ka nako e telele le ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng 'me e sala e phomotse pele e baka, ka linako tse ling nako e telele haholo. Ho na le phapang e ngata har'a mefuta e mengata ea bohobe (e nang le linoko tse khethehileng tse kang caraway, bohobe bo phahameng ba letsatsi la phomolo, joalo-joalo).

Haeba li-additives tse sebetsang li etsa bonnete ba hore hlama ea bohobe e ka kenngoa hang-hang ka ontong, joale hoa utloahala ho baka mefuta e sa feleng: hlama e ka aroloa 'me ea hlomelloa ka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng ntle le ho kena-kenana le ho butsoa ha bohobe kapa mekhoa e meng ea mosebetsi, moo ho hlophisoang le ho hlophisoa. bohobe bo tlameha ho tloheloa bo le mong. Recipe e ka fetoloa habonolo hobane liphetho tsa ts'ebetso ena e potlakileng ea ho baka ha li hlahise tatso e felletseng ea bohobe ba 'nete ba litsebi.

Ke ka lebaka leo mishmash e mebala e fumanehang kajeno:

• Bohobe ba sebele ba khale ba Sejeremane
• Bohobe le likotoana tsa hlama tse iketsang eka li lokisitsoe ho latela melao ea khoebo
• tse ngata tse ncha tsa bohobe bo fetohang letsatsi le letsatsi ho tse ling tsa Lokisa li-bakers.

Lenane la mahobe la mokhatlo oa baapehi hona joale le thathamisa seo ho thoeng ke “tse khethehileng bakeng sa bohobe” ho e-na le mefuta ea bohobe. Hobane e ne e tla ba ho laola ho arola boqapi ba setso ho litho tse ngata tse ncha tsa ho baka. Hona joale ho thathamisitsoe litloaelo tse fetang 3200 tsa bohobe, tse kentsoeng ke baapehi ka bobona. Ha ho motho ea tsebang hore na ke tse kae tsa tsona e leng bohobe ba sebele ba Majeremane, empa baapehi ba litsebi ba ntse ba eketseha hohle hape.

Lethathamo la bohobe ba Sejeremane

Melao-motheong e tataisang ea Buka ea Lijo ea Jeremane (DLMB), bohobe bo arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 17 tse kholo, tsa setso tsa mefuta-futa ho latela lijo-thollo tse sebelisoang le mokhoa oa ho etsa tlhahiso, litšobotsi tse tlamang le thepa eo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e hlalosoang. Haeba u tseba hore na bohobe ke ba sehlopha sefe sa mofuta ofe, u tseba metsoako ea sehlooho ea mofuta ona. Mona ke lihlopha tse 17 tsa mefuta e nang le mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea bohobe / mekhoa ea ho baka ea setso:

Bohobe ba koro kapa bohobe bo bosweu

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea phofo ea koro
Tokisetso ea setso: tomoso ea ho phahamisa, mefuta e mengata ea ho itokisa ho tloha ho baka ka thini ho ea ho braiding e ama tatso.

Mefuta:

• Bohobe bo bosoeu ba Jeremane / lebokose la bohobe bo bosoeu
• Liphetolelo tsa Sejeremane tsa ciabatta ea Setaliana kapa Provençal fougasse, ka bobeli ka oli ea mohloaare
• Liphetolelo tsa Sejeremane tsa mahobe a sephara a tsoang litsong tse fapaneng
• Bohobe ba Raisin (Mares, Kloben, Klaben)
• thupa bohobe bo bosweu

Bohobe ba koro bo tsoakiloeng

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Ho feta 50 le ka tlase ho 90% ea phofo ea koro
Tokisetso ea setso: ka karolo e phahameng ea koro feela e nang le tomoso, phofo ea rye e ngata, tomoso e ngata le hlama e bolila. Ho boetse ho na le libopeho tse ngata (tse fapaneng) tsa bohobe bo tsoakiloeng ba koro hobane hlama e nang le karolo e phahameng ea phofo ea koro hangata e bonolo ho bopeha le ho fana ka lintlha.

Mefuta:

• Bohobe ba naha ea Fora
• Halofo le halofo
• Bohobe bo botle ba Hamburger (ka buttermilk)
• Bohobe ba Kassel
• bohobe bo bokae
• Lipere tsa Munsterland
• rosa mare
• Bohobe ba Switzerland
• Bohobe bo tsoakiloeng bo nang le protheine joalo ka bohobe ba lupine, bohobe ba protheine
• Bohobe bo khethehileng bo kang bohobe ba litapole ba Thuringian, bohobe ba mokopu, bohobe ba chestnut, bohobe ba buttermilk

Bohobe ba rye

Lisebelisoa ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea phofo ea rye
Tokisetso ea setso: hlama ea rye e ka apehoa feela ka ho eketsa asiti, ka tloaelo asiti ena e kenngoa feela ka hlama e bolila (ho tloha metsing, phofo, mocheso le nako). Hlama e bolila e fa bohobe tatso e monate, e bolila hanyane mme e etsa hore e tšoarelle ho feta bohobe ba koro.

Mefuta:

• bohobe ba lihoai
• Bohobe ba naha ea Berlin
• Frankenloaf
• bohobe ba lijo-thollo tsa malt
• Sekhahla sa Spessart

Bohobe bo Kopantsoeng ba Rye

Lisebelisoa ho latela DLMB: Ho feta 50 le ka tlase ho 90% ea phofo ea rye
Tokisetso ea setso: Mona, tatso e monate ea sourdough ea rye e nolofatsoa ka ho eketsa phofo ea koro, e nang le karolo e phahameng ea koro, tomoso le eona e sebelisoa hangata. Bohobe ba rye le bohobe bo tsoakiloeng ba rye hangata bo behoa boreleli ka har'a hlobo e bonolo kapa bo hlajoa ka ho lekana holim'a metsi. Ka sehlopha sena se tummeng sa bohobe, masala a sebaka sa nako e telele a bolokiloe: karolong e ka boroa ea Jeremane, libopeho tse ngata tse chitja li rekisoa; ka leboea mahobe a mangata a malelele.

Mefuta:

• Bohobe ba sehoai sa khale sa Jeremane
• Bohobe ba Altmark
• Bohobe ba ntlo ea Bavaria
• lerama habedi
• Bohobe ba Eifel
• bohobe ba harese
• bohobe ba heather
• Linaha tsa Hesse
• bohobe ba naha
• Bohobe ba Malfa bo nang le 10% ea phofo ea 'mela oa harese
• bohobe ba rantipole
• Bohobe ba sehoai sa Paderborn
• Bohobe ba naha ea Silesian

Mefuta e fapaneng ea khale le e ncha ea bohobe ba Sejeremane "oscillate" lipakeng tsa bohobe bo tsoakiloeng ba koro le bohobe bo tsoakiloeng ba rye, ke hore, li apehoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ka phofo e ngata ea koro kapa phofo ea rye, mohlala:

• Bohobe ba ntlo ea Bavaria
• bohobe ba biri
• Bohobe bo monate (li-hazelnuts tse halikiloeng, tse halikiloeng, lijo tsa soya, peo ea soneblomo)
• Bohobe ba linate le walnuts, makotomane le linate tse ling
• bohobe ba mohloaare
• Bohobe ba Black Forest
• Bohobe ba naha ea Westerwald

Bohobe Bohle ba Koro

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea lihlahisoa tsa rye le koro; tabeng ea "bohobe bo feletseng" karo-karolelano leha e le efe, tabeng ea "wholemeal wheat bread" lihlahisoa tse fetang 50 lekholong tsa koro ea wholemeal, tabeng ea "wholemeal rye bread bread" tse fetang karolo ea 50 lekholong ea tsona ke lihlahisoa tsa rye. Bonyane karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea asiti e ekelitsoeng e tlameha ho tsoa hlama e bolila.
Tokisetso ea setso: bohobe ba wholemeal bo entsoe ka lijo-thollo tse sitsoeng ho ea fatše, metsi, tomoso, le/kapa hlama e bolila le letsoai. Ka linako tse ling ho eketsoa linōko, 'me ho na le mefuta e mengata e tsejoang ho ea ka sebōpeho, tatso le sebōpeho.

Mefuta:

• bohobe ba thepa
• Bohobe bo botšo (hase kamehla bohobe ba 'nete, bohobe bo lefifi bo entsoeng ka lijo-thollo ntle le kokoana-hloko e boetse e bitsoa sena)
• Bohobe ba peo ea mokopu o felletseng

Bohobe ba koro

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea lihlahisoa tsa koro
Boitokisetso ba setso: bona bohobe ba wholemeal

Mefuta:

• Wholemeal Chia Wheat Bohobe
• bohobe ba kokoana-hloko ea koro
• Bohobe ba Wheat Nut
• Bohobe bo bolila ba koro

Bohobe ba rye bo feletseng

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea lihlahisoa tsa rye tse felletseng, 'me bonyane karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea asiti e ekelitsoeng e tlameha ho tsoa hlama e bolila.
Boitokisetso ba setso: bona bohobe ba wholemeal

Mefuta:

• seemahale
• Rhenish bohobe bo botsho
• bohobe ba lero la rye

Wholegrain oat bread kapa bohobe ba lijo-thollo tse ling

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 20% ea lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo tsa "mofuta o mong oa lijo-thollo", kakaretso ea bonyane 90% ea lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo, le bonyane karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea palo e eketsehileng ea asiti e tsoang hlama e bolila.
Tokisetso ea setso: joalo ka bohobe bo nang le bohobe

Mefuta:

• Wholemeal Oat Bohobe
• Bohobe ba harese bo nang le mafura a mangata

Bohobe Bohle

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea rye le grist ea koro; tabeng ea "bohobe ba lijo-thollo" ka tekanyo leha e le efe, tabeng ea "bohobe ba koro e korotsoeng" ho feta 50% ea koro e kolobisitsoeng, 'me tabeng ea "bohobe ba koro ea rye e hōlileng" ho feta 50% ea eona e grated rye.
Tokisetso ea setso: Grist e halikiloeng ke lijo-thollo tse khaotsoeng ka thata tseo lipeo li tlositsoeng ho tsona pele li siloa. Ho bohlokoa mona hore grist e ncha e sebetsoe 'me hlama e sebetsoa ke moapehi nako e telele le ka matla hoo likaroloana tsohle tsa peel li ka ruruha hantle. Bohobe bo feletseng bo apehoa ka tloaelo e le bohobe ba kamore ea mouoane, ke hore, bo chesoa ka liontong tse tiisitsoeng ka thata 'me bo behoa lihora tse ngata ka mocheso o phahameng oa ho baka oa likhato tse 100. Ka tsela ena ha li hlahise lekhapetla 'me li boloke boholo ba livithamine tse thibelang mocheso.

Mefuta:

• Bohobe ba lebokose bo nang le lekhapetla le makukuno le bosootho bo mahareng le hlama e bolila
• Bohobe bo felletseng bo nang le mopeleto

Bohobe Bohle ba Koro

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea phofo ea koro
Boitokisetso ba setso: bona bohobe ba wholemeal

Mefuta:

• Bohobe ba Graham (bohobe ba lebokose bo entsoeng ka phofo e ntle ea koro ntle le ho eketsoa ka letsoai, tomoso, hlama e bolila, protheine e ngata + kapa asiti e nyane)
• Bohobe bo felletseng ba koro ka hlama e bolila

Bohobe ba Rye grist

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea lijo tsa rye
Tokisetso ea setso: Ho ruruha ha hlama ho tlameha ho khothaletsoa le ho feta ka bohobe bo bong ba wholemeal. Ha lijo li le mahoashe, hlama e lokela ho kokomoha nako e telele hore bohobe bo be bososane le tatso e matla, e bolila.

Mefuta:

• Bohobe ba Brandenburg
• Bohobe bo botšo ba Hamburger
• Bohobe ba Oldenburg

Pumpernickel

Metsoako + ho lokisetsa ho ea ka DLMB: Bonyane 90% ea lijo tsa rye le/kapa lijo tsa rye, bonyane ba nako ea ho baka lihora tse 16, ha ho etsoa ka lijo tsa wholemeal, bonyane likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo tsa asiti e ekelitsoeng li tlameha ho tsoa hlama e bolila.
Tokisetso ea setso: bohobe ba kamore ea mouoane, bona bohobe ba koro

Mefuta:

• Westphalian Pumpernickel (E Sirelelitsoeng Sebakeng)

Bohobe bo Hlatsoang

Lisebelisoa ho latela DLMB:

• Bohobe ba Toast: Bonyane 90% ea phofo ea koro
• Wholemeal wheat toast: Bonyane 90% ea lihlahisoa tsa koro, 'me bonyane karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea asiti efe kapa efe e ekelitsoeng e tlameha ho tsoa hlama e bolila.
• Motsoako oa Wheat Toast: Ho feta 50% le ka tlase ho 90% ea phofo ea koro
• Mixed Rye Toast: Ho feta 50% le ka tlase ho 90% ea phofo ea rye
• Wholemeal toast: Bonyane 90% ea lihlahisoa tsa koro/rye ka tekanyo efe kapa efe, asiti e ekelitsoeng e tlameha ho ba bonyane karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea hlama e bolila.

Boitokisetso ba Setso: Bohobe bo besitsoeng bo behoa ka paneng ea lofo e nang le mokelikeli o motle ho boloka bokaholimo bo le bonolo.

Mefuta:

• toast ea botoro
• toast e ngotsoeng
• Toast ea lijo-thollo (multigrain toast)
• Toast ea Raisin
• Hot Dog Toast

Bohobe bo monate

Lisebelisoa + ho itokisa ho latela DLMB:

Crispbread: E ka 'na ea e-ba le lijo-thollo, phofo ea phofo, phofo ea rye, koro, lijo-thollo tse ling + metsoako ea lijo-thollo, le lijo tse ling. Bohobe bo omisitsoeng bo tlameha ho lomosoa ka tomoso, ho belisoa ha hlama e bolila, le ho tšeloa moea ka mekhoa ea 'mele kapa mekhoa e meng, eseng ka ho ntša metsi a chesang (mokhoa oa ho hatella mochine). Bohobe bo phethiloeng bo tlameha ho ba le mongobo o phahameng oa 10%.
Li-flatbread tse ling tse omeletseng: Li tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa bohobe bo monate empa li ka etsoa ka extrusion e chesang.

Mefuta:

• E ngata libakeng tsena ka bobeli hobane li-additives li ka hlahisoa habonolo le ho bolokoa hantle ka lebaka la mongobo o tlase, mohlala, sesame, mjölk, rye, crisp e tšesaane, lijo-thollo, chia le spelled, li-additives tse ling tse kang tamati le mozzarella, chisi. le peo ea mokopu, tamati le basil.

Bohobe ba lijo-thollo tse ngata, bohobe ba lijo-thollo tse tharo, bohobe ba lijo-thollo tse 'nè, joalo-joalo.

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane mofuta o le mong oa lijo-thollo tsa bohobe, bonyane mofuta o mong oa lijo-thollo, le kakaretso ea mefuta e meraro kapa ho feta ea lijo-thollo, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le bonyane 5%. No. 15 e sebetsa hantle ho toast ea multigrain le multigrain crispbread.
Boitokisetso ba setso: Ho ipapisitse le mofuta oa lijo-thollo o ka sehloohong, mefuta e hlahisoang ke ho khethoa ha lihlopha tse fapaneng.

Bohobe ba oat, bohobe ba raese, bohobe ba poone, bohobe ba nyalothe, bohobe ba buckwheat, bohobe ba harese

Metsoako ho ea ka DLMB: Bonyane 20% ea mofuta o mong le o mong oa lijo-thollo ("e 'ngoe" e bolela oats le co. ho fapana le lijo-thollo tsa bohobe koro, spelled le rye)
Tokisetso ea setso e itšetlehile ka mefuta e fapa-fapaneng: bohobe ba oat ka tloaelo bo apehoa bo kopantsoe le koro, bohobe ba pele ba North German buckwheat bo ne bo phehoa ka rye, koro le sourdough, empa ha se hangata bo rekisoang kajeno (buckwheat e ngata ho feta lijo tse se nang gluten e entsoe ka starch ea poone. , guar gum, ferment ea poone e se nang gluten, mafura, tsoekere, tomoso le phofo e nyenyane ea buckwheat e potolohang).

Bohobe bo ngotsoeng, bohobe ba triticale

Metsoako ho latela DLMB: Bonyane 90% lihlahisoa tsa spelled/triticale
Tokisetso ea setso: Tokisetso ea pele ea setso ea bohobe ba pele e lebetsoe ka nako e telele hoo kajeno moapehi e mong le e mong a ikapehang bohobe ba hae. Nako le nako sena ke bohobe bo ngotsoeng ka mokhoa oa khale, empa hangata bo boetse bo tsoaka bohobe ba spelled kapa bohobe bo tsoakiloeng ba koro le spelled. Ha ho na tokisetso ea setso bakeng sa bohobe ba triticale hobane triticale ke lebasetere le lecha la koro le rye. Hobane thepa ea ho baka e ipakile e le mpe, ha ho na triticale leha e le efe e hloekileng e apehoang, empa e tsoakane ea koro kapa bohobe ba rye ka triticale.

Litataiso li hlalosa lintlha tse ling tse tlatselletsang (eseng ho nkela sebaka) mabitso a (thekiso) a sa tsoa hlalosoa le ho hlalosa thepa e itseng:

• Bohobe ba ontong ea majoe: bo sutumelitsoeng kapa bo sutumelitsoeng (= ho ama ka ontong) bo behoa feela holim'a literei tsa ho baka tse entsoeng ka lejoe la tlhaho le / kapa la maiketsetso, fireclay, kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tse loketseng tse se nang tšepe.
• Bohobe bo besitsoeng ka lehong: ho sutumetsoa kapa ho sutumelletsoa ka har'a lionto tse chesitsoeng ka kotloloho, phaposi ea ho baka e entsoeng ka lejoe / lintho tse kang lejoe, lehong la tlhaho joalo ka libeso.
• Bohobe ba harese, bohobe ba harese: Likotoana tsa hlama tse tukang mollong ho ea ho matheba a ikhethang (= harese)
• Bohobe ba Ham: Bohobe ba rye / bohobe ba rye bo sithabetseng (ntle le ham), ka sebōpeho sa semicircular, bo phunyeletsoeng / bo phehiloe ka thini, haholo-holo tatso e monate le e monko o monate.

Lisebelisoa tse ling

Ho ea ka melao-motheo ea Buka ea Lijo tsa Jeremane, bohobe ba Jeremane bo na le mafura a ka tlase ho 10% le / kapa mefuta ea tsoekere ho 90% ea lijo-thollo le / kapa lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo, sena se sebetsa ho mefuta eohle ea bohobe ba Jeremane.

Ho phaella ho bohobe bo hloekileng ba lijo-thollo, likotoana tse ngata tse khethehileng tsa bohobe tse nang le lisebelisoa tse ling li boletsoe ka holimo. Bakeng sa "lithako tse khethollang boleng"

• botoro
• lebese
• protheine ea lebese
• hello
• Yogurt
• kefir
• whey
• Quark
• kokoana-hloko ea koro
• tsekisitsoe
• sesame
• peo ea soneblomo
• linate
• Poppy
• lipeo tse ling tsa oli
• Li- raisins/ sultanas
• makhapetla
• mokopu o jeoang
• fiber e tsepamisa maikutlo
• hlonama

litataiso li totobatsa bonyane ba bongata haeba mofuta oa bohobe o reheletsoe ka bona. Haeba metsoako e meng ea tatso e fa mofuta o khethehileng oa bohobe/bohobe sebopeho sa oona se khethehileng, ho tlameha hore ho be le tse lekaneng ka har'a bohobe hore thepa e khethehileng e bonahale e le "sensorially e hlakileng" kapa ho ba le boleng ba phepo e nepahetseng.

Ka ts'ebetso, ho batlisisa li-bakeri tse nyane, tse entsoeng ka matsoho ke tsa bohlokoa ka litsela tse 'maloa: bohobe ba koro ba sebele bo ka' na ba fumana khale (bohobe ba casserole, dumplings), bohobe ba sebele ba rye bo thata haholo, empa ha ho le ea mong oa bona o tla senyeha haeba o bolokiloe hantle.