John Myers
Ixesha elithile ngoku, i-glutamate ibisenza iintloko njengesongezo esingenayo imiphumo emihle ebantwini. Ingcali yokutya uHans Ulrich Grimm ude abize i-glutamate isongezo sokutya esinempembelelo embi kakhulu ebantwini, kubomi babo, kunye nengqondo yabo. Yonke lento yenzeka indoda ingayazi nokwazi ngayo.
IGlutamate ilimaza ingqondo
I-Glutamate iye yavavanywa kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana, olona lingelo lwezilwanyana lwaziwayo lwenziwa nguJohn Olney. U-Olney yenye yezona ngcali zibalulekileyo ze-neurologists kunye ne-psychopathologists e-USA. Ukufumanisa kwakhe okukhulu yayikukuba i-glutamate yabangela imingxunya emincinci kunye nokwenzakala kwiindawo zobuchopho zeempuku ezincinci.
Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, isifo seswekile, nesifo sentliziyo
Iziphumo zika-Olney zashwankathelwa nguProf. Beyreuther, osebenza kwiYunivesithi yase-Ruprecht-Karls-University e-Heidelberg: Iimpuku ezisandul' ukuzalwa kunye neempuku zasetyenziselwa ukwenza imifuniselo ka-Olney. Banikwa inaliti ye-glutamate iintsuku ezintlanu, emva koko kwafunyaniswa ukuba iiseli zemithambo-luvo ethile ebuchotsheni zafa. Izilwanyana ezikhulileyo zazityebe ngokugqithiseleyo, yaye ekwaluphaleni, zahlaselwa sisifo seswekile nesifo sentliziyo.
Ukuvalwa kwe-glutamate kubantwana base-US
Uphando lwalusesona sizathu sokuba i-glutamate ekutyeni kwabantwana yaphetshwa ngokuzithandela e-USA. Kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, kubandakanywa neJamani, ukusetyenziswa kwe-glutamate ekudleni kwabantwana akuvumelekanga.
Nangona kunjalo, lo mthetho awusebenzi ekutyeni okulungiselelwe abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala. Abazali kufuneka banike ingqwalasela enkulu ekuqulunqweni kokutya komntwana wabo, ngakumbi xa iintsana ziqala ukutyisa ipapa kwaye zifakela ukutya kwazo ngokutya okuqinileyo, okt ukusuka malunga nenyanga yesithandathu yobomi.
Ingozi kwimveku engekazalwa
Uvavanyo lwamva nje lwezilwanyana lubonisa ukuba iintsana ezingekazalwa zikwasemngciphekweni omkhulu we-glutamate. Iimvavanyo ngeempuku ezenziwa ngugqirha wabantwana kunye nomphandi uProf Hermanussen wabonisa ukuba i-glutamate, xa inikwa iimpuku ezikhulelweyo, yanciphisa ubunzima bokuzala kwenzala. Ukongezelela, ukubunjwa kwamahomoni okukhula kwaphazamiseka. Iimpuku zaba lidlakudla zaza zatyeba ngokugqithisileyo. Nabo babebancinci kakhulu. Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu abatyebe kakhulu babe bancinci xa kuthelekiswa.
Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nezifo
I-Glutamate ke iyingozi kakhulu kuba iphazamisa inkqubo yomzimba ngokubhekiselele kwizinto zomthunywa. Ayikona nje ukuphazamisa imisebenzi yomzimba, kodwa ikhokelela ekutyebeni kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo. Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu malunga ne-glutamate, nangona kunjalo, kukuba i-nerve synapses ikhukulisekile kwaye i-additives itshabalalisa iiseli zengqondo. Ibulala imithambo-luvo.
Ngaba i-glutamate ye-neurotoxin?
UProf. Beyreuther, ngubani, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ubambe isikhundla sikaCeba kaRhulumente woBomi kunye noKhuseleko lwezeMpilo, unoluvo lokuba i-glutamate yi-neurotoxin enemiphumo exhalabisa kakhulu. I-Glutamate ithathwa njengento ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke izifo ze-neurodeergenerative kuba i-substance kukrokrelwa ukuba ikhuthaza zonke izifo apho ingqondo ifa. Ezi ziquka i-Parkinson's, i-Alzheimer's, kunye ne-multiple sclerosis.
Ukuphembelela indlela yokutya
Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu kunye nezilwanyana bakhohliswa ukuba batye ngaphezu kokuba befanele kwaye bafanele batye i-glutamate. Abaphandi bathi le yeyona nto isebenzayo. Umphandi uFrance Bellisle, osebenza kwiZiko leNational de la Recherche Scientifique eParis, wakwazi ukujonga inkuthazo yokutya ngakumbi xa enikwe i-glutamate. Abantu abathe bavolontiya kwiimvavanyo bakhawuleza ukutya kwabo, bahlafuna kancinci, kwaye bathatha ikhefu elincinci phakathi kokulunywa.
I-Glutamate - unobangela wokutyeba
UProf Hermanussen unoluvo lokuba ukulawulwa rhoqo kwe-glutamate sesinye sezizathu zengxaki yokutyeba kwiindawo ezinkulu zabemi. Ukongezwa kwe-glutamate kuseyinto eqhelekileyo kukutya kwamashishini. Umdla wokutya ulawulwa kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo yobuchopho, kodwa ezi zingonakaliswa yi-glutamate. Oku kuthathwa njengolona xhulumaniso lubalulekileyo.
Umphandi waseMelika uBlaylock, ugqirha wotyando lwemithambo-luvo, naye uyavumelana nolu luvo. Uphakamisa umbuzo wokuba ukutyeba kwenani elikhulu labemi base-US kunokunxulumana nolawulo lwangaphambili lwe-glutamate njengesongezo sokutya. Ngokwenene ubona ukukhuluphala ngenxa yokuthatha i-glutamate yokongeza ukutya.
I-Glutamate ikhokelela kwindlala eqhubekayo
Ngokutsho kukaProf Hermanussen, iiprotheyini ezithile kunye ne-glutamate zisizathu sokuba abantwana abatyebileyo kunye nabantu abadala bahlala belambile kwaye abanakukwazi ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo imvakalelo yabo yokuhlutha. Wazama ukubonisa ukukrokra kwakhe ngokunika abasetyhini abasempilweni kodwa abatyebe kakhulu iyeza elakwaziyo ukunqanda isiphumo esiyingozi esinayo i-glutamate engqondweni.
Eli chiza lalivunyiwe ekuqaleni kunyango lwe-Alzheimer's disease. Abasetyhini akufuneki balandele naluphi na uhlobo lokutya ngexesha lovavanyo, kufuneka bamamele kuphela umnqweno wabo wokutya. Emva kweeyure nje ezimbalwa, baphawula ukuba umnqweno wabo wokutya uyancipha yaye ukuzintyintya ngendlela ephazamisayo kwakungasekho, kwanasebusuku. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, ubunzima bakhe babusele buhla ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukuzilolonga okungakumbi kunxulunyaniswa.
Imfama evela kwi-glutamate?
Ngokutsho komphandi uGqr. Ohguro, i-glutamate nayo ibangela umonakalo wamehlo, enyanisweni, inokuba ngunobangela wobumfama. Iqela lophando elijikeleze uDkt Ohguro lenze iimvavanyo ezenzelwe ukubonisa imiphumo eyingozi ye-glutamate kwiigundane. Ngenxa yale njongo, baxhomekeke kwisidlo esikhethekileyo apho i-glutamate ilawulwa rhoqo.
Kwaphawulwa ukuba amehlo ezilwanyana ezifumene iidosi eziphezulu ze-glutamate kwiinyanga ezintandathu zehla kakhulu. Izilwanyana nazo zavelisa i-retina encinci kakhulu kunezilwanyana kwiqela lolawulo, eziqhubeka zifumana ukutya kwazo okuqhelekileyo.
I-Glaucoma evela kwi-glutamate?
Ugqirha Ohguro ucinga ukuba ufumene ingcaciso ngeglaucoma, exhaphake kakhulu eMpuma Asia. Uxela oku kwinto yokuba inxalenye ephezulu ye-glutamate yongezwa kwiitya ezininzi zaseAsia. Nangona kunjalo, akukacaci ukuba idosi ye-glutamate kufuneka ibe phezulu kangakanani ukuze umonakalo wamehlo wenzeke.
Iingxoxo malunga ne-glutamate zisaxhalabele ngokuyintloko into ebizwa ngokuba yi-syndrome yokutyela yaseTshayina, ehambelana nentloko, intamo eqinile, isicaphucaphu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Ibangelwa yi-allergic reaction to glutamate. Eyona nto ibaluleke ngakumbi kubaphandi, nangona kunjalo, ziziphumo zexesha elide zento.
Utyebile ebutsheni obumfama ebudaleni?
Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kukhuthazwa nakubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, ukutyeba, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-adiposity, kunye ne-glaucoma yimiphumo yokuthatha i-glutamate, ewela phantsi kwesihloko esithi "umonakalo wexesha elide". Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, isixa se-glutamate esongezwe ekutyeni siphindwe kabini. I-Glutamate yongezwa ngendlela ye-hydrolysates, efana ne-yeast extracts. Ukongeza, i-substance iqulethwe kwi-broth granulated kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa.
Uxanduva lomzali luyafuneka
Abazali ngokukodwa banoxanduva lokukhusela abantwana babo kwizongezo zokutya ukuba abavelisi bokutya abahoyi ingqalelo ekubunjweni okunempilo okufanayo.
Isinongo senziwe kusetyenziswa iprotheyini yezilwanyana okanye yemifuno. Oku kubiliswa nge-hydrochloric acid ukutshabalalisa izakhiwo zeeseli. Oku kukhupha into ebizwa ngokuba yi-glutamic acid. Isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide okanye i-sodium carbonate ngoko yongezwa kumxube, ovelisa ityuwa eqhelekileyo.
Esi sisombululo ngoku sihluziwe kwaye siyilelwe ukuphuculwa kwencasa. I-Liquid seasoning inemibala kunye ne-caramel ukuba i-seasoning ayisetyenziswanga kwiimpahla ezisemathinini kunye nezitya esele zenziwe. Xa yomisiwe, yenza umhluzi we-granulated okanye, xa ugalelwe amanqatha, i-bouillon cubes eyaziwayo.
Ukuguqulwa kwemfuza
Ngenxa yokuba ishishini lihlala lixhalabele ekuphuculeni inzuzo, iintlobo zebhaktheriya ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-glutamate zaguqulwa ngokwemfuza.
Isazi sezondlo esaziwayo sePolymer sithi kwangethuba ngo-1980 ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza lokusetyenziswa kobunjineli bemfuza ekuveliseni i-glutamate yanikezelwa kwinkokeli yemarike ebizwa ngokuba ngu-Ajinomoto. Isizathu soku kukuba imfuno ye-microorganisms entsha yanda.
Ezi microorganisms kufuneka zivumele ukuveliswa kwe-L-glutamic acid ekhethekileyo kwinani elikhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukufezekisa oku, iplasmid engumxube yaziswa kwi-bacilli. Iqhekeza elikhethekileyo le-DNA eliqulethe ulwazi lwemfuza olujoliswe ekukhuthazeni ukubunjwa kwe-L-glutamic acid yafakwa kule plasmid ye-hybrid.
Thatha uxanduva ngokwakho
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni kungekho mntu waziyo ukuba ubunjineli bemfuza buneziphumo ezahlukeneyo kunokuba zinqweneleka, oku kungaqiniseki kongeza kwimiphumo eyingozi eboniswe ukuba i-glutamate ibe nayo emzimbeni njengengxaki eyongezelelweyo. Ngoko ke wonke umntu unoxanduva lokunikela ingqalelo ekubunjweni kokutya kwabo.
