Micah Stanley
Ijackfruit ivela eAsia kwaye ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kwayo, ingasetyenziselwa indawo yenyama, ngakumbi njengendawo yenyama yenkukhu. Sicacisa indlela yokulungisa ijackfruit, ixabiso layo lezondlo, kunye nemiphumo yayo yempilo.
Usapho lwamaqunube, ijackfruit
Ijackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) ikwabizwa ngokuba yijackfruit. Isiqhamo esikhulu sakweleenjiko silungu lentsapho yamaqunube kwaye sizalelwa eIndiya, apho sikokona kutya kwiindawo. Noko ke, ngoku ijackfruit ilinywa kuyo yonke imimandla eshushu yehlabathi. Awona mazwe avelisayo aseIndiya, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, neNepal.
Igama elithi Jack lithatyathwe kwigama lesiMalay elithi "chakka", elithetha nje "ingqukuva" kwaye libhekisa kwimilo yesiqhamo. I-jackfruit ayingqukuva, kodwa i-oval.
Ijackfruit sesona siqhamo somthi sikhulu ehlabathini
Ikwasisiqhamo esikhulu kakhulu kwaye sinzima, eneneni, sesona siqhamo somthi sikhulu ehlabathini. Ijackfruit inokukhula ibe yi-1 m ubude kwaye inobunzima obumalunga nama-20 kg. Namabango afikelela kuma-50 kg kwisiqhamo ngasinye ajikeleza kwi-intanethi.
Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-180 ukuba ijackfruit ifikelele kobu bukhulu kwaye ivuthwe. Ekubeni kungekho nalinye isebe elinobunzima obo, likhula ngokuthe ngqo esiqwini. Umthi uvelisa iziqhamo ezifikelela kuma-30.
Olunye uphawu olwahlukileyo lwejackfruit lulusu lwayo olunamaqhuqhuva. Iyatshintsha ukusuka eluhlaza ukuya kumthubi ngexesha lokuvuthwa. Njengesiqhelo ngeziqhamo ezininzi, unokwazi ukubona iqondo lokuvuthwa kwejackfruit kungekuphela nje ngombala kodwa nangevumba: ivumba elimnandi, kokukhona livuthiweyo.
Phantse nasiphi na isidlo senyama sinokuxeliswa kunye ne-pulp ye-jackfruit engavuthwanga - ingaba inyama yezilwanyana, i-goulash, i-fricassee, i-sauces yenyama ye-pasta, okanye ukuzaliswa kwe-burgers, i-tacos, okanye i-pancakes. Yiyo loo nto ngoku ikwanikezelwa kwii-latitudes zethu (iphekwe kwangaphambili kwiitoti okanye i-vacuum-packed) kwaye ilungiswe.
Yile nto incasa ngayo ijackfruit
Isiqhamo esikhulu sinencasa eswiti xa sivuthiwe kwaye sifanelekile njengesidlo sakusasa esimnandi okanye izimuncumuncu. Ukunambitheka kwayo kukhumbuza umxube webhanana kunye nepinapple kunye ne-honey-vanilla ivumba. Inqaku lemango nalo lisoloko likhankanywa. Xa ingekavuthwa, i-jackfruit ayinayo incasa kwaye ngoko ithatha incasa yeziqholo, i-marinades, kunye neesosi elungiswa ngazo.
Igama elithi Jack lithatyathwe kwigama lesiMalay elithi "chakka", elithetha nje "ingqukuva" kwaye libhekisa kwimilo yesiqhamo. I-jackfruit ayingqukuva, kodwa i-oval.
Ijackfruit sesona siqhamo somthi sikhulu ehlabathini
Ikwasisiqhamo esikhulu kakhulu kwaye sinzima, eneneni, sesona siqhamo somthi sikhulu ehlabathini. Ijackfruit inokukhula ibe yi-1 m ubude kwaye inobunzima obumalunga nama-20 kg. Namabango afikelela kuma-50 kg kwisiqhamo ngasinye ajikeleza kwi-intanethi.
Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-180 ukuba ijackfruit ifikelele kobu bukhulu kwaye ivuthwe. Ekubeni kungekho nalinye isebe elinobunzima obo, likhula ngokuthe ngqo esiqwini. Umthi uvelisa iziqhamo ezifikelela kuma-30.
Olunye uphawu olwahlukileyo lwejackfruit lulusu lwayo olunamaqhuqhuva. Iyatshintsha ukusuka eluhlaza ukuya kumthubi ngexesha lokuvuthwa. Njengesiqhelo ngeziqhamo ezininzi, unokwazi ukubona iqondo lokuvuthwa kwejackfruit kungekuphela nje ngombala kodwa nangevumba: ivumba elimnandi, kokukhona livuthiweyo.
Phantse nasiphi na isidlo senyama sinokuxeliswa kunye ne-pulp ye-jackfruit engavuthwanga - ingaba inyama yezilwanyana, i-goulash, i-fricassee, i-sauces yenyama ye-pasta, okanye ukuzaliswa kwe-burgers, i-tacos, okanye i-pancakes. Yiyo loo nto ngoku ikwanikezelwa kwii-latitudes zethu (iphekwe kwangaphambili kwiitoti okanye i-vacuum-packed) kwaye ilungiswe.
Yile nto incasa ngayo ijackfruit
Isiqhamo esikhulu sinencasa eswiti xa sivuthiwe kwaye sifanelekile njengesidlo sakusasa esimnandi okanye izimuncumuncu. Ukunambitheka kwayo kukhumbuza umxube webhanana kunye nepinapple kunye ne-honey-vanilla ivumba. Inqaku lemango nalo lisoloko likhankanywa. Xa ingekavuthwa, i-jackfruit ayinayo incasa kwaye ngoko ithatha incasa yeziqholo, i-marinades, kunye neesosi elungiswa ngazo.
Iivithamini, iiminerali, kunye nezinto zokulandelela
Isiqulatho se-calcium siphezulu kakhulu kwisiqhamo esiku-50 mg nge-100 g yejackfruit engekavuthwa. Iapile, umzekelo, ayinayo ne-10 mg. Kuphela iiorenji, amaqunube amnyama, amakhiwane, kunye nekiwis kufuneka zibenekhalsiyam ephezulu ngokufanayo nejackfruit engekavuthwa.
I-jackfruit nayo inomdla xa ifika kwintsimbi. Iziqhamo ezingavuthwanga zibonelela ngokuphindwe kane kwisiqulatho se-iron kwi-jackfruit evuthiweyo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 mg kwi-100 g - phantse kabini isiqulatho se-iron kwibele lenkukhu kunye nomlinganiselo we-iron olingana nenyama yenkomo.
Kunjalo, ijackfruit (phantse zonke iziqhamo) ikwaqulathe ivithamin C - ukuya kuthi ga kwi-14mg nge 100g, ngelixa inyama ibonelela nge-0mg yevithamin C.
Umxholo wekhalori wejackfruit engavuthwanga yi-50 kcal kuphela (209 kJ) nge-100 g, xa kuthelekiswa nokuphindwe kabini kwenyama yenkukhu.
IJackfruit ineempembelelo zempilo
Iziphumo zempilo kunye neepropathi zejackfruit ikakhulu zihambelana nesiqhamo esivuthiweyo, esihlala sikwimenyu e-Asia kodwa sifumaneka kuphela kwiivenkile ezizodwa kwimimandla yethu.
Uphononongo luka-2012 lujonge ngokukodwa kwijackfruit kunye neenzuzo zayo zempilo ebantwini. Noko ke, omnye wagxininisa kwizithako kuphela waza wagqiba kwelokuba sonke isiqhamo sinomphumo ofanayo nowomntu ngamnye.
i-potassium, i-magnesium kunye ne-calcium
Ekubeni isiqhamo sine potassium, umzekelo, kunye ne-potassium ibandakanyeka ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-jackfruit inokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ekubeni ijackfruit nayo ine-magnesium kunye ne-calcium, zombini iiminerali ezibalulekileyo emathanjeni, kuthiwa isiqhamo someleza amathambo.
Intsimbi kwijackfruit
IJackfruit nayo iqulethe isinyithi, ngoko ke ukuphononongwa okukhankanywe ngasentla kuchaza ukuba isiqhamo sifanelekile kwi-anemia.
Vitamin C
Umxholo we-vitamin C ukhokelela abaphandi ukuba babhale ukuba i-jackfruit ine-anti-aging kunye ne-antioxidant properties. Isiqulatho sevithamin C sejackfruit asiko nokuba phezulu kodwa si-7 ukuya kwi-14 mg kwi-100 g. Ezinye iziqhamo ezifana neorenji, kiwis, kunye namaqunube aqulathe malunga ne-50 mg yevithamin C.
ifayibha
Umxholo wefiber yeyona nto ibangela ukuba ijackfruit ibhalwe njengelungele ukwetyisa, nangona ezinye iziqhamo ziqulathe ubuncinci, ukuba azikho ngaphezulu, ifayibha. Iapile elivuthiweyo, umzekelo, libonelela ngokuphindwe kabini ifayibha, kunye nepere elivuthiweyo ngokuphindwe kathathu.
ubhedu
Kwaye ngenxa yokuba i-jackfruit iphezulu kwi-copper, kuthiwa ikhuthaza impilo ye-thyroid ngenxa yokuba i-copper-efana ne-iodine kunye ne-selenium-iyadingeka ukuveliswa kwehomoni yedlala. Njengomthombo wobhedu, ijackfruit inomdla ngokwenene. Iqulethe malunga ne-1400 µg yobhedu (ukuba akukho mpazamo kumlinganiselo) kwaye ngokubaluleke kakhulu ngaphezu kwezinye iziqhamo, ezihlala zibonelela phakathi kwe-50 kunye ne-200 µg yobhedu.
I-jackfruit ikwaqulethe i-lectin ebizwa ngokuba yi-jacalin, ekuthiwa inezixhobo zokulwa neentsholongwane. Kwizifundo ze-in-vitro, i-lectin yaboniswa isebenza ngokuchasene neentsholongwane ze-HI kunye neentsholongwane ze-herpes (iishingles). Nangona kunjalo, kuyathandabuzeka ukuba ukutya nje i-jackfruit kuneziphumo ezifanayo, kuba izifundo ezihambelanayo zihlala zisebenzisa idosi ephezulu yento nganye, kodwa isiqhamo siqulethe iidosi ezisezantsi kakhulu.
ICarotenoids
IJackfruit ikwaqulethe i-carotenoids, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo yi-lutein kunye ne-beta-carotene. Ekubeni ezi zifundo zibonisa ukuba ikhuthaza impilo yentliziyo, ibalulekile emehlweni, kwaye inokuthintela ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, i-jackfruit iyacetyiswa kuzo zonke ezi zibonakaliso.
Ijackfruit njengombulali womhlaza: izifundo zinqongophele
"Inzululwazi ingqina ukuba iJackfruit nguMbulali woMhlaza onamandla" okanye into enjalo ngamanqaku afanelekileyo malunga ne-jackfruit kunye nemiphumo yayo engummangaliso, okuthetha into efana neNzululwazi ingqina ukuba i-jackfruit ngumbulali womhlaza onamandla. Kolunye upapasho, kukho nentetho “yeyona jackfruit inamandla yokubulala umhlaza”, okt oyena mbulali womhlaza unamandla obizwa ngokuba yijackfruit.
Kodwa ngokwenene abukho nabuphi na ubungqina bokwenene. Akukho zifundo ezibonisa ngokucacileyo isiphumo sokuchasa umhlaza sejackfruit. Umntu udla ngokukhankanya izifundo ezinikezelwe kwisiphumo sokulwa nomhlaza wezinto zezityalo EZIKUNYE ziqulethwe kwijackfruit, kodwa kunjalo nakwezinye ukutya, okufana neesaponins, lignans, kunye ne-isoflavones.
IJackfruit ithatha indawo yenyama
Ekubeni ijackfruit engekavuthwa ifumana ukufana kwenyama emva kokupheka nokusemanzini, ngoku iyafumaneka eYurophu nase-USA ipakishwe kwangaphambili njengendawo yokuthatha indawo yenyama, ngokomzekelo ngohlobo “lweeshredds” zenyama esikiweyo okanye kwisonka. uhlobo iityhubhu for izitya goulash-ezifana Izitya. Nangona i-pulp iphekwe kwangaphambili kwaye ilungele ukuphekwa, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ihlanjululwe njengoko ifunwa.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-jackfruit njengendawo yenyama
Ukuze iziqhamo eziseleyo zivuthwe ngcono, ezinye ze-jackfruits zihlala zivunwa zingavuthwanga (oku kubhekiselwa kuyo ngokuthi "ukukhupha ngaphandle"). Kwilizwe labo, ijackfruit engekavuthwa idla ngokulungiswa njengemifuno okanye, ngenxa yesitatshi sayo esikhulu, isetyenziswa endaweni yerayisi. Ke ukusebenzisa ijackfruit engekavuthwa yinto eqhelekileyo.
Isitya semveli esaziwayo esenziwe ngejackfruit engavuthwanga yigudeg evela kuMbindi weJava. I-jackfruit ibiliswe ngobisi lwekhokhonathi iiyure ezininzi, ihlanjululwe nge-shallots kunye negalikhi, kwaye igalelwe ijinja, i-coriander, i-lime kunye neswekile yesundu. I-Gudeg ihanjiswa njengokukhapha izitya zenyama, kodwa nakwi tofu okanye tempeh.
Ekubeni ukuhambelana kwayo okuthambileyo kwe-fibrous emva kokupheka kuphinda kukhumbuze inkukhu (ebonakala ifana ne-ragout yenkomo), i-jackfruit - ihlukaniswe ngokufanelekileyo, iphekwe kwangaphambili, kunye ne-vacuum packed - sele ikhona ixesha elide njenge-substitute yenyama.
I-pulp iphuka ngokukhawuleza xa iphekiwe okanye iqhotsiweyo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana imilo yetyhubhu (umzekelo, "i-ragout"), unokuqhotsa iityhubhu ezincinci ixesha elifutshane. Ixesha elinzima, susa ii-cubes kwi-pan, kwaye ubeke eceleni. Xa isosi ilungile (umzekelo, isosi yekhowa ekhrim), yongeza ijackfruit edayiweyo kwisosi kwaye uyifudumeze ngokufutshane apho.
I-Organic jackfruit ingcono
IJackfruit idla ngokulinywa kwimonocultures. Ayifane isetyenziswe kwiinkcubeko ezixubeneyo, umzekelo, iB. ikhuliswa phakathi kwamatyholo ekofu kumasimi ekofu.
Ngelixa ijackfruit ingachaphazeleki kakhulu kwizifo zokungunda okanye zentsholongwane, kukho izitshabalalisi ezimbalwa ezinokubeka esichengeni isityalo, yiyo loo nto inyangwa ngamayeza okubulala izinambuzane ekulinyweni kwesiqhelo. I-Organic jackfruit ke lolona khetho lungcono xa uthenga.
Ibhalansi yendalo yejackfruit
Umthi wejackfruit awufuni kunkcenkceshelwa. Kuphela zizityalo ezincinci ezinokuthi zome kwaye kufuneka zinkcenkceshelwe xa kukho imfuneko (xa kukho ixesha elide lokoma). Oku kunokuba njalo kwiminyaka emi-3 yokuqala yobomi besityalo ekubeni inkqubo yeengcambu ingaphuhliswanga ngokupheleleyo ngeli xesha. Kamva, akuyomfuneko ukuba umthi unkcenkceshelwe. Ukuthelekisa: i-avocados okanye iibhanana zihlala zifuna i-1000 ukuya kwi-2000 l yamanzi ngekhilogram yeziqhamo.
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-jackfruit ivela kwiindawo ezitshatyalaliswayo, ibhalansi yayo yezinto eziphilayo ayifanelekanga, ukuba kuphela ngenxa yendlela yokuthutha ende. Ngokwembono ye-ikholoji, iimveliso zesoya okanye ilupine ezenziwe ngemathiriyeli ekrwada yasekhaya ke ngoko zifaneleke ngcono njengendawo eqhelekileyo endaweni yenyama. Ukutshintsha, nangona kunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo unokuhlala ubuyela kwi-jackfruit - ngakumbi ekubeni akukho ubunjineli bezofuzo obusetyenzisiweyo ekuzaleni kwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eyaziwayo ukuba ihlala ibeka ingozi kunye neembotyi zesoya.
Nangona iimveliso ezithatha indawo yenyama ezenziwe kwi-soy okanye ezinye izinto eziluhlaza zigxekwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngokuqinisekileyo zinempilo kunenyama ukuba uzithenga kwiivenkile zokutya zempilo.
