John Myers
I-Beta-carotene yabanjwa kwi-crossfire yokugxekwa kwi-1990s, kodwa ngokungafanelekanga. Njengomthombo wevithamin A, ukutya kubalulekile kumzimba wethu kwaye kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo ngokuthatha ukutya okanye ngokutya okunemigangatho yokutya. Ukunqongophala kwevithamin A kunokukhokelela kwingozi enkulu yezempilo.
UProf. Hans-Konrad Biesalski kwi-beta-carotene
“Akufuneki sizikhusele kwibeta-carotene eninzi, kodwa kwincinci kakhulu! Sinokuthatha i-beta-carotene evela kukutya, iijusi eziqinisiweyo, okanye izongezo ezinedosi efanelekileyo njengekhuselekile. ”
UProf. Hans-Konrad Biesalski weYunivesithi yaseHohenheim eStuttgart kutshanje uye wafikelela esi sigqibo kwi-2nd Hohenheim Nutrition Talks, awayeyibambe. Ngenxa yokuba amaJamani awathathi ngokwaneleyo i-beta-carotene ekutyeni kwawo. Abanakuxhamla kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo yokukhusela ye-pro-vitamin A kwimpilo.
Isikolo sokupheka i-vegan
Ubusazi ukuba isikolo sethu sokupheka i-vegan siza kuqala ebusika ngo-2022? Uqeqeshelwe iingcali zokupheka kwe-vegan-kwi-intanethi, ewe, kwaye upheke okona kutya kumnandi kwe-vegan ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili: okunempilo, okutyebileyo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo, kusempilweni, kwaye kulungile ngokumangalisayo!
I-Biesalski kunye nezinye iingcali ezikhokelayo kumayeza kunye nesayensi yezondlo ziye zabhenela uluntu ukuba luphucule ngokukhawuleza unikezelo lwe-beta-carotene kunye ne-vitamin A eJamani. Izongezelelo zevithamini kunye nokuqiniswa kokutya okune-beta-carotene, okufana neziselo "ze-ACE", nazo zenza igalelo elivakalayo koku kunye neenzuzo zempilo, ukuba nje idosi ye-pro-vitamin A ingagqithisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Oku kwaboniswa ngumphandi we-carotenoid kunye nevithamin A eyaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe uGqr Georg Lietz ovela kwiYunivesithi yaseBritane yaseNewcastle.
Ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko oluxoxwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo lwe-beta-carotene, u-Biesalski wachaza ukuba lo mbuzo uvela kuphela kwiidosi eziphezulu kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo, kodwa iimali zemihla ngemihla ukuya kwi-10 milligrams nazo azinabungozi kweli qela labantu.
Ukungonelanga kwe-vitamin A
Kwimpilo jikelele yoluntu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isondlo sibona umngcipheko wokubonelela nge-vitamin A eyaneleyo kunye nemiphumo emibi, umzekelo we-immune system, ngaphambili - kwaye oku kufuneka kuthintelwe ngokuthatha okwaneleyo kwe-beta. -carotene. Umyinge wokusetyenziswa kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno kunye nesibindi kweli lizwe akwanelanga koku, kwaye ukunyuka okubonakalayo kokusetyenziswa akubonakali.
I-Beta-carotene yabanjwa kungquzulwano lokugxekwa ngeminyaka yee-1990s kuba, kwizifundo ezibini, ukuthatha ixesha elide kwezixa ezikhulu kakhulu zale carotenoid (i-10 ukuya kwi-15 amaxesha edosi ecetyiswayo yemihla ngemihla) kukhokelele ekwandeni komngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga. kunye nokufa kwabantu abatshaya kakhulu.
“Inzululwazi, eyayinethemba ngelo xesha lokufumana i-beta-carotene njengonyango olungummangaliso kwimiphumo eyingozi yokutshaya, yaphoxeka,”
ngokutsho kukaBiesalski. Ukutshaya ngokwako ngokuqinisekileyo yingozi yokwenene. Akukho ziphumo zibi ziye zabonwa kubantu abangatshayiyo. Kwezi, i-pro-vitamin A ayinabungozi ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikhuthaza impilo kwaye kubantu abatshayayo kwidosi ephakathi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 mg ngokunjalo, ekwaqinisekiswa ngeengxelo zezinye izithethi.
Ukukhusela ulusu lwendalo
Ngokomzekelo, eluswini, i<em>beta-carotene ikhusela umonakalo onokubangelwa kukugqatswa kakhulu lilanga. Ngokutsho kukaProf. Helmut Sies, iSibhedlele seYunivesithi yaseDüsseldorf, olu xinzelelo lwe-photo-oxidative lunokuthotywa yi-carotenoid.
Ugqirha Andrea Krautheim - owayesakuba esebenza kwiDyunivesithi yaseGöttingen - uxele, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba umxube we-beta-carotene kunye nezinye i-carotenoids unokuba nefuthe elihle kwinkangeleko yolusu, kodwa i-beta-carotene iyodwa ayinakuqinisekisa "ukhuseleko lwesikhumba ngaphakathi” ngokuchasene nemitha yeUV ibe.
IBeta-carotene – ibalulekile ekuboneleleni ngevithamin A
Ukongeza, i-beta-carotene ibaluleke kakhulu njenge-precursor (i-pro-vitamin) ye-vitamin A, efunwa ngumzimba kwi-immune system esebenzayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto. AmaJamani afumana phantse i-50 yepesenti ye-vitamin A yawo evela kwi-pro-vitamin.
Uphononongo olufana nolona phando lokusetyenziswa kwelizwe lwamva nje lwe-NVS II lubonise ukuba uninzi lwamaJamani alutyi ngokwaneleyo ivithamin A esulungekileyo kunye nokutya kwabo. Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70 yepesenti yobonelelo lwevithamini A eJamani kufuneka ke ngoko kuqinisekiswe nge-beta-carotene, utshilo u-Biesalski.
I-German Nutrition Society (DGE) incoma ukutya kwemihla ngemihla ye-0.8 kwi-1.0 mg ye-vitamin A (i-retinol) kubantu abadala abanempilo - njengoko kuthiwa yi-retinol elinganayo, equka i-pro-vitamin A. Ukuze ufezekise eli xabiso, i-Biesalski kunye I-Sies incoma ukutya i-2-4 mg ye-beta-carotene yonke imihla.
Umndilili wabemi uhlala ungaphantsi kwezi ngcebiso kwaye ke ngoko uthatha imingcipheko yezempilo efikelela kude. Uninzi lwabantu baseJamani basatya iziqhamo ezincinci kunye nemifuno (imithombo ye-beta-carotene) okanye isibindi kunye nabanye abaxhasi bevithamin A. Akunakubonwa kwangaphambili ukuba ukutya oku kutya kunokongezwa kangakanani na.
Ukusilela kweVithamin A ngenxa yokwahluka kofuzo oluxhomekeke kwi-beta-carotene
Oku kuyasebenza nakwiGreat Britain, utshilo uLietz. Iqela lakhe lophando likwabonelele ngemiqondiso yokuqala yokuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-40 zabo bonke abantu baseYurophu banemfuza eyahlukileyo esebenzisa kuphela i-beta-carotene emzimbeni ukuya kumlinganiselo oqingqiweyo, umz. into yokuguqulwa kwe-1: 6 (ukwenza i-molecule enye ye-vitamin A, ukuthathwa kwee-molecule ze-6 ze-beta-carotene kuyimfuneko) yinyani.
Ininzi ithetha ngomlinganiselo we-1:12, ohambelana nokuthathwa okucetyiswayo okumalunga. 7 mg beta-carotene ngosuku. NgokukaLietz, ukuba umntu ebenokuthathela ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa kwe-beta-carotene elinganiselwe ngokwemfuza, ngoko ke ukutya okucetyiswayo kwemihla ngemihla kuya kuba yi-22 mg. Uphando olongezelelekileyo malunga noku luyaqhuba.
Unikezelo olwaneleyo lwe-beta-carotene/ivithamin A inokuthintela izifo ezosulelayo
Kwingxubusho eyalandelayo, kwacetyiswa ukuba kunikelwe ingqalelo kunikezelo olwaneleyo lwebeta-carotene nevithamin A, ngokukodwa ngamaxesha emvula nabanda, ukuze komelezwe inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ukuze kuthintelwe ingqele ngokukodwa. NgokukaLietz, eyona njongo iphambili kukutya okunesondlo, apho izikhewu ezinokuthi zibekho (umzekelo, ukungasetyenziswa ngokwaneleyo kweziqhamo, imifuno, okanye isibindi) kufuneka kuvalwe ngezongezo zokutya zodidi olufanelekileyo.
Ukujonga izinto ngakumbi endaweni yezilumkiso zevithamini ezingenasiseko
U-Lietz wongezelela ukuba ukufundisa abantu malunga neemfuno kunye neenzuzo ze-micronutrients ezifana ne-beta-carotene idla ngokukwenziwa ngabachwephesha bezondlo ababonelela ngolwazi olunenjongo.
Ingxelo echukumisayo elawula eJamani kulo mxholo, kwimeko ye-beta-carotene ihlala ilumkisa ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwezongezo ngokubanzi - ngaphandle kokuthintelwa kumaqela asemngciphekweni okanye idosi - iya kungcungcuthekisa ngokungeyomfuneko kwaye yoyikise abantu abaninzi.
Abaphandi abanakuthwala uxanduva lweengxelo ezoyikisayo ezihlala zivela malunga neengozi ekucingelwa ukuba ziphuma kwiivithamini. Oku kuya kuzama ngakumbi ukufezekisa upapasho ngeethiyori ezimangalisayo ezisekelwe kwizifundo zophononongo ezisulungekileyo okanye imifuniselo yetyhubhu yovavanyo ngaphandle kobungqina.
