Jessica Vargas
I-hormone yocansi yabesifazane i-estrogen ibalulekile kwabesifazane. Idlala indima ebalulekile emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma izinga le-estrogen liphansi kakhulu, kungase kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Kodwa ukuntuleka kwe-estrogen kungase futhi kube nemiphumela engathi sína emadodeni.
Iyini i-estrogen?
Ama-Estrogens (futhi: ama-estrogens) amahomoni ocansi abesifazane. Zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene:
- estradiol
- estrone
- estriol
I-Estradiol nayo ibhekwa njenge "estrogen enkulu". Ngokungeziwe kwezinye izinhlobo ezimbili, iphinde ithathe imisebenzi ebalulekile ngokohlelo yawo wonke umzimba ngaphezu kwemisebenzi eqondene nocansi.
Kwabesifazane, ama-estrogen akhiqizwa ikakhulukazi kuma-ovari, kanye naku-placenta kanye ne-adrenal cortex. Zilawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kowesifazane, zibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi zineqhaza ekwakhiweni kwemetabolism kanye nokwakheka kwamathambo. Ngamanani amancane, abalulekile futhi emzimbeni wesilisa.
Yileyo ndlela ama-estrogens abaluleke ngayo emzimbeni
Enye yezindima eziyinhloko ze-estrogen emzimbeni wesifazane ukulawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. I-hormone yocansi iqinisekisa ukuthi ama-follicles kuma-ovari ayavuthwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwethonya le-estrogen, ukungena kwe-mucous membrane emlonyeni wesibeletho kuyashintsha, okuvumela isidoda ukuba sidlule ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-estrogens anesibopho sokuthuthukiswa nokugcinwa kwezici zesibili zobulili zabesifazane. Bakhuthaza ukukhula kwamabele, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlala zombele, nokwakheka kwesibeletho.
I-Metabolism ingenye yemisebenzi eyinhloko ekhuthazwa ama-estrogens emzimbeni womuntu. Isibonelo, zandisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, zikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni, zisekela ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni futhi ziholela ekwandeni kwe-triglycerides ne-cholesterol. Ama-Estrogens nawo abandakanyeka ku-lipid metabolism nezinye izinqubo ze-metabolic emadodeni. Zibuye zibhekwe njengesisusa esibalulekile sobulili besilisa.
Ukuhlola amazinga e-estrogen: yini evamile?
Ukuze ukwazi ukufeza yonke le misebenzi emzimbeni womuntu, izinga elithile le-estrogen kufanele ligcinwe. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuphakeme kwabesifazane kunabesilisa. Nokho, phakathi nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, amazinga e-estrogen yowesifazane ahluka kakhulu. Amanani ahlolwa ngokwehlukile kuye ngesigaba somjikelezo.
- Ingxenye yokuqala yomjikelezo (izinsuku 1 kuya ku-14): I-serum concentration ye-estradiol yi-25 kuya ku-95 ng/l.
- Usuku lwe-ovulation (cishe usuku lwe-14): I-serum yegazi ye-estradiol ingu-75 kuya ku-570 ng/l.
- Ingxenye yesibili yomjikelezo (izinsuku ezingu-15 kuya kwezingu-28): I-serum concentration ye-estradiol yehlela ku-60 kuya ku-250 ng/l.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amazinga e-estrogen, ikakhulukazi amazinga e-estradiol, akhuphuka engxenyeni yokuqala yomjikelezo. Ngaphambi nje kwe-ovulation, lokhu kwanda kuba ngokweqile. Lokhu kuphinde kubangele ukukhuphuka okusheshayo kwehomoni ye-luteinizing (LH), okugcina kubangele ukuvuthwa kweqanda. Kuleli qophelo, ukuhlushwa kwe-estrogen kuyehla futhi.
Amazinga e-Estrogen nawo akhuphuka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-estrogens amabili estradiol ne-estriol akhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko yi-placenta. Amazinga e-Estrogen afinyelela isilinganiso esiphezulu ekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Ngokuphambene nokukhulelwa, amazinga e-estrogen ehla ngaphansi kuka-45 ng/l ekuqaleni kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
Ukugxila kwe-estradiol kuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-12 no-42 ng/l emadodeni nangaphansi kuka-30 ng/l kubafana namantombazane ngaphambi kokuthomba.
Ukuntuleka kwe-Estrogen: izimpawu nokwelashwa
Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuntuleka kwe-estrogen kwabesifazane ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kanye nokuqala kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu akukhona neze ukuntula okuhlobene nesifo, kodwa inqubo engokwemvelo ngokuphelele. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni kuncipha ngokushesha kakhulu noma kungaphansi kokuguquguquka okunamandla, lokhu kungaholela ezikhalweni ezingokomzimba kanye nokukhubazeka.
Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zokushoda zingenzeka nakwabesifazane abasebasha. Isizathu lapha ngokuvamile ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ephazamisekile noma ukulawulwa kwebhalansi ye-hormone. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zingabonisa ukuntuleka kwe-estrogen:
- Ukushisa nokujuluka
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- isiyezi
- palpitations
- ukucindezeleka
- kwesisindo
- Isikhumba esomile
- Ukukhula kwezinwele ebusweni
- Imijikelezo Engavamile
- ukulahleka kwe-libido
- Isifiso esingagcwaliseki sokuba nezingane
- I-Osteoporosis (i-brittle bones)
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, izikhalazo ezinjengokucindezeleka nokukhuluphala akufanele zithathwe kancane emadodeni. Ngoba, njengoba abacwaningi baseHarvard Medical School bathole, ukuncipha kokuhlushwa kwe-estrogen emzimbeni nakho kuholela ekuzuzeni isisindo emadodeni, njengoba kwenzeka kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Womabili amahomoni ocansi, i-testosterone, ne-estrogen, nawo ayadingeka emzimbeni we-libido yabesilisa.
