Emma Miller
Abalimi abaninzi bakhalaza ukuba amabala angathandekiyo avela kwiikomkomere zabo ezixabisekileyo. Zisenokuba mdaka, tyheli, okanye zibemhlophe. Kude kumaxesha onke, esi sisizathu sokungcwaba isityalo ngengqondo - ngamanye amaxesha kwanele nje ukulungisa ukhathalelo lwaso. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho amabala amaqabunga ekhukhamba alumkisa ngezifo eziyingozi zemifuno.
Kufunyenwe amabala aphuzi kunye nemingxuma kumagqabi ekhukhamba - fumana isizathu
Njengoko abalimi abanamava bathi, kusenokubakho izizathu ezininzi zento enjalo. Ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bengxaki, iindlela zokulwa nayo ziyahluka.
Ukunqongophala kwezondlo
Ukuba iikomkomere azinayo iivithamini ezaneleyo kunye ne-macronutrients, ngoko uya kubona ukuba amaqabunga kwisityalo aqala ukujika aphuzi kwaye ahlambuluke. Njengomthetho, amaqabunga aphantsi aqala ukuhlupheka. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuqaphela imeko efanayo kunye nemithambo.
Indlela yokulwa: sebenzisa isichumisi samaminerali esiyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza ukungabikho kwezinto eziyimfuneko.
Ukushona kwelanga
Izityalo, njengabantu, zithwaxwa yimitha yelanga endlongondlongo, kwaye, ukuba isityalo sihlaselwa lilanga elitshisayo, kwaye akukho kufuma okwaneleyo, uya kubona indawo etyheli ebunayo egqabini.
Indlela yokujongana nayo: izityalo ze-greenhouse zivame ukuchaphazeleka kule ngxaki, ngoko ke ukuba uqaphela ukutshisa - ubophe ukhukhamba ukuze amaqabunga angadibanisi neglasi ye-greenhouse.
KaMoses
Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, iziqhamo ezikumasebe agulayo ziba nombala onamabala, imibimbi kunye ne-warp. Iimpawu zokuqala kubukho beendawo eziphuzi-eziluhlaza, kwaye kamva - ukubonakala kwe-mosaic. Emva koko amagqabi aqala ukushwabana kwaye agoqe.
Indlela yokulwa: kwiimpawu zokuqala zokusuleleka, kufuneka umbe kwaye utshise izityalo ezonakalisiweyo, kwaye ukuba i-mosaic ibonakala kwi-greenhouse, uze umbe phezu komhlaba apho. Ukuthintela ukuphindaphinda imeko, sebenzisa rhoqo izichumisi, uphathe umyezo ngokuchasene nezinambuzane kunye ne-disinfected imbewu.
I-Blackleg kunye ne-powdery mildew
I-Blackleg sisifo sokungunda esichaphazela i-cucumber kwaye sinokukhokelela ekufeni kwesityalo. Okokuqala, isiqu sijika sibe mnyama, emva koko kubekho amabala atyheli emagqabini.
Indlela yokulwa nayo: into yokuqala yokwenza ukunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela, ukukhulula umhlaba phantsi kwezityalo kwaye ufefe ngomlotha wokhuni. Ukunyangwa komhlaba ngesisombululo esibuthathaka sesisombululo semanganese akuyi kuba yinto engafanelekanga nayo.
I-Powdery mildew nayo ithathwa njengesifo esiyingozi, ngelishwa, ixhaphake kakhulu kwizityalo ezininzi. Ibonakala ngamabala amnyama amhlophe okanye abomvu kumagqabi kunye neziqu, ezibangela ukuba iikomkomere zibune.
Indlela yokulwa: unqumle kwaye utshise amaqabunga awonakele, kwaye uphathe izityalo ezisele kunye ne-antifungal agent. Njengeprophylactic, yenza ukuchumisa nge-cowpea infusion, i-phosphorus, kunye nezichumisi ze-potassium.
I-anthracnose
Isifo sokungunda, iimpawu zokuqala ezinokubonwa ngokukhawuleza zibomvu okanye zibomvu amabala ajikelezayo ukuya kwi-5 cm ububanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zixinzelelwe kwiqabunga, kwaye njengoko isifo sikhula, umngxuma wenziwa ngaphakathi kwendawo.
Indlela yokulwa: Ukutyala kufuneka kuphathwe ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux liquid okanye i-0.4% isisombululo se-chloride yobhedu. Emva kweeveki ezimbini, phinda utshize kwaye wenze njalo ngamaxesha athile ngeenjongo zokuthintela.
Ukungunda okungeyonyani
Ukuba uqaphela isifo esinjalo kwizityalo kwizigaba zokuqala, into yokuqala uya kuyibona amabala aluhlaza okhanyayo kunye nemithambo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, la mabala aqala ukuba mnyama kwaye athathe i-brown hue, kwaye i-grey fungal spores ibonakala ngasemva kwegqabi.
Indlela yokulwa: Dibanisa amathontsi ayi-10 e-iodine eyi-5% enyibilike kwilitha e-1 yobisi kwaye ixutywe neelitha ezili-9 zamanzi kwaye utshize isisombululo kwiikomkomere de isifo siphele ngokupheleleyo.
