John Myers
Poizoni pang'ono solanine amapangidwa mu mbatata pa kumera ndondomeko. Ngati mphukira sizikupitilira centimita imodzi, kuchuluka kwa solanine kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kotero kuti mutha kudya mbatata zophukira - koma mphukira ziyenera kudulidwa mowolowa manja. Mbatata yokhala ndi mphukira zazitali, komano, sayenera kudyedwanso. Mbatata yokhala ndi mawanga obiriwira imakhalanso ndi solanine yambiri ndipo iyenera kusanjidwa kapena mawanga obiriwira ayenera kudulidwa mowolowa manja.
Mankhwala a solanine amapezeka mu mbatata, tomato, ndi zomera zina za nightshade. Glycoalkaloid yolawa, yomwe imapezeka mwachilengedwe, imateteza zomera ku zilombo. Mbatata zatsopano zimakhala ndi mulingo wopanda vuto wa solanine wosakwana mamiligalamu 100 pa kilogalamu imodzi, pomwe kuchuluka kwapoizoni pang'ono kumawonjezera kumera kwa mbatata. Kuchuluka kwa solanine kumapezekanso pakhungu la tuber. Mbatata imapanganso solanine yochuluka kuti itetezeke ku kuvunda. Choncho, solanine zili ndi kuchuluka mu tubers amene kuonongeka ndi kuthamanga kapena chisanu. Green mawanga pa mbatata osati kulawa zowawa, iwonso alibe thanzi ndipo ayenera kuchotsedwa pamaso kuphika.
Pankhani ya kumera mbatata, kusiyana kumapangidwa pakati pa zomwe zimatchedwa "kuwala" ndi "majeremusi akuda". Ngati tuber ikawonekera, mphukira zazifupi, zobiriwira zobiriwira mpaka zofiira zimayamba. Komano mumdima, majeremusi oyera aatali opyapyala amapanga. Kusunga pa kutentha kwapakati pa 12 mpaka 14 digiri Celsius kumalepheretsa kumera. Kusungirako kokhazikika kukhitchini pa mpaka digiri Celsius kapena kupitilira apo, kumbali ina, posachedwa kumabweretsa kumera kosalephereka kwa mbatata.
Pofuna kupewa kuphuka msanga kwa mbatata komanso kuti solanine ikhale yochepa kwambiri, mbatata iyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira, amdima, ndi owuma. Ngati ngakhale mutasungidwa mosamala, mutapeza kuti mphukira zayamba kale kuphuka kuchokera ku tubers, mukhoza kuchotsa mphukira zazifupi mowolowa manja. Zomwezo ziyenera kuchitika ndi mawanga obiriwira ndi maso. Kuonjezera apo, nthawi zonse muyenera kupukuta mbatatayi ndikutaya madzi ophika osagwiritsanso ntchito - solanine, yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri kusungunuka, imalowa mumadzimadzi panthawi yophika ndipo imakhala yosatentha.
