Micah Stanley
Mastrawberries haangonakidze chete se sitirobheri ice cream, keke restrawberry, kana sitirobheri casserole. Ivo zvakare vane mhedzisiro yakanaka kune dzakawanda zvirwere zvisingaperi. Verenga zvese nezve sitiroberi, izvo zvinokonzeresa uye zvinovaka muviri zvine berry, chii chaunofanira kutarisa paunenge uchitenga, uye zvakare kuti ungakura sei uye kuwedzera sitiroberi muhari.
Strawberries: Mucherechedzo wehunhu
Iyo sitiroberi yakatsvuka serudo uye inotapira sechivi - hazvishamisi kuti marudzi ese engano akakomberedza muchero unonaka. Akashanda sechimiro chevamwarikadzi vakati wandei verudo, vakadai saFrigg naVenus, uye vadetembi vemazera ese vakafuridzirwa naye. Mudetembi wechiRoma Virgil akatsanangura sitirobheri semuchero muduku unotapira wevamwari, uye munyori weGermany Paul Zech akanga ari musango pamusoro pemuromo westrawberry.
Chibereko chinowanzoita basa repakati mungano uye ngano, kusanganisira Grimm's "Mbuya Evergreen", uko vana vanounganidza muchero wekuporesa kuna amai vavo vanorwara. Muchokwadi, mastrawberries ave achionekwa semushonga kwezviuru zvemakore. inoshandiswa pachirwere chechiropa uye chenduru, chirwere chemwoyo, gwirikwiti, uye kunyange chibhokisi.
Mashizha estrawberry ane tannin anowanzo kusanganiswa mumivhenganiswa yetii uye anoshandiswa mumishonga yevanhu kunyanya kunyunyuta kwepamuviri (manyoka), asiwo nokuda kwekuzvimba kusingaperi (e.g. rheumatism). Zvakanakisisa kuzviunganidza zvisati zvatumbuka, asi usatarisira kunhuhwirira kwemasitrobheni pano. Mashizha anonaka uye asingadiwi.
Ko gadheni sitirobheri rinobva kupi?
Maererano nezvakawanikwa zvekuchera matongo, sitirobheri yakanga yatove yakakosha zvikuru muStone Age uye naizvozvo ndiyo imwe yemasiwiti ekare anozivikanwa kuvanhu. Kutanga, mastrawberries emusango maduku akaunganidzwa. Gare gare muMiddle Ages, izvi zvakanga zvava kutorimwa paminda mikuru.
Nhasi isu tinonyanya kudya bindu sitirobheri (Fragaria × ananassa). Yakangobuda pakati pezana ramakore rechi 18 uye mwanasikana wekuNorth American scarlet sitirobheri uye sitrobheri ine michero mikuru yekuChile. Bindu sitirobheri rakakurumidza kuva nyeredzi mumapindu eEurope.
Iyo sitiroberi haisi bheri
Nenzira, kubva pakuona kwebhotani, sitirobheri haisi berry zvachose, asi muchero wakasanganiswa. Michero chaiyo ndiyo diki yeroti nzungu pane tsvuku "berry". Ikozvino kune anopfuura zana emhando dzemastrawberries egadheni, ayo makumi matatu chete, akadai saSonata kana Lambada, akakosha mukukura kwemichero yekutengeserana. Asi ese mastrawberries ane chinhu chimwe chete akafanana: Iwo akapfuma zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvakakosha.
Izvo zvinovaka muviri
Strawberries inonaka zvinonaka zvekuti haugone kuwana yakakwana. Zvakanaka sei kuzvidzora hazvidiwi zvachose, nokuti zvinosanganisira 90 muzana yemvura uye ine 32 kcal chete pa100 g. 100 g yemuchero mutsva zvakare ine:
- mvura 90 g
- Carbohydrates 5.5 g (iyo 2.15 g glucose uye 2.28 g fructose)
- mapuroteni 0.8 g
- Fiber 2g
- mafuta 0.4 g
Strawberries yekusashivirira kwefructose?
Kuenzaniswa nemimwe michero, sitiroberi yakaderera mufructose. Iyo fructose-glucose chiyero chemichero yakatsvuka zvakare inenge 1: 1 kuitira kuti kunyange vanhu vane fructose kusashivirira vanogona kazhinji kuvabvumira zvakanaka, zvishoma muhuwandu hwepakati. Asi edza izvi nekungwarira, sezvo munhu wese abatwa aine mwero wakasiyana wekushivirira.
Iyo Glycemic Mutoro
Zvibereko zvinonaka zvine low glycemic load (GL) ye1.3, izvo zvinoreva kuti hazviiti kukanganisa mazinga ehuga. Kuenzanisa: chingwa chichena chine GL inenge 40, uye chokoreti bar ine GL inenge 35. Saka zviri nani kunwa mastrawberries mashomanana pane kuedzwa nemasipi.
Mavitamini nemamineral
Strawberries ine akawanda mavhitamini nemaminerari, ayo anobatsira zvakanyanya kuhutano hwavo kukosha.
Chechipiri chirimwa zvinhu
Zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwakaitwa nechikwata chepasi rose chevaongorori, ongororo dzakawanda dzave kuratidza kuti kugara uchidya mastrawberries kune mukana mukuru maererano nekudzivirira nekurapa zvirwere. Nekunakidzwa nemichero yakatsvuka, oxidative kusagadzikana uye kuzvimba zvinogona kurwiswa uye njodzi yekufutisa, mhando ye2 chirwere cheshuga, BP, chirwere chemwoyo, zvirwere zvemaziso, uye kenza zvinogona kuderedzwa.
Kune rimwe divi, izvi zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakakosha uye, kune rumwe rutivi, kune huwandu hwese hwechipiri chechirimwa zvinhu, kusanganisira kunyanya polyphenols senge anthocyanins, quercetin, kaempferol, fisetin, ellagic acid, uye makatechini. .
Zvinoenderana nevatsvagiri vekuNorway, zviri mukati mebioactive zvinhu zvinosiyana zvakanyanya uye semuenzaniso. zvichienderana nemhando. Ongororo yemhando makumi maviri nenomwe dzemastrawberry dzakaratidza kuti pane pakati pe27 ne57 mg ye phenolic compounds mu133 g yemastrawberries. Iyo anthocyanins, iyo inopa michero midiki ruvara rutsvuku, iri pakati pezvinonyanya kukosha zvechirimwa zvinhu. Zvinyorwa zvavo zviri pakati pe100 ne8.5 mg uye zvinowedzera nguva dzose panguva yekukura.
Ongororo yakaitwa nemasaenzi eItaly neSpanish yakawana zvinonyanya kufadza kuwanikwa: yakatenderedza 40 muzana yema antioxidants ari munzungu dzestrawberries. Naizvozvo zvinopikisa zvakanyanya kana michero z. B. kupuruzirwa nemusefa mukugadzirwa kwestrawberry puree.
Kunzwa kwenzara kunoderedzwa mushure mekudya mastrawberries
Munyika dzakabudirira, kufutisa idambudziko guru - inopfuura hafu yevose veGermany vakatokanganiswa. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvino zvakaratidza kuti sitirobheri inopa mamwe mabhenefiti kune vanhu vakafuta. Vanowedzera mazinga ehomoni inonzi adiponectin, iyo inokonzera kugadzirisa nzara.
Mukuwedzera, iyo antioxidants iri mumuchero inoderedza oxidative kusagadzikana, iyo inogara ichinyanya kutaurwa muvanhu vakafuta kupfuura muvanhu vane huremu hwemazuva ose.
Antioxidant mazinga anowedzera mushure mekushandisa
Ongororo yakaitwa kuOklahoma State University muna 2016 yaisanganisira makumi matanhatu akanyanya kuwandisa zvidzidzo zvine akakwira ropa lipids. Vakakamurwa kuita mapoka mana. Mapoka maviri akagamuchira chinwiwa chine 60 g kana 25 g yemastrawberries akaomeswa nechando zuva nezuva kwemavhiki gumi nemaviri. Mamwe mapoka maviri ainwa chinwiwa chekudzora zuva nezuva aine macalorie akafanana uye fiber zvirimo sezvinwiwa zvestrawberry.
Vimba nenharaunda kana uchitenga sitiroberi!
Maererano neFederal Center for Nutrition, matani anopfuura 150,000 2016 emastrawberries akakohwewa kuGermany muna . Zvisinei, sezvo kudiwa kuchipfuura kure kugadzirwa, yakawanda inotengeswa kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzakadai seSpain, Netherlands, neItaly.
Nguva yemastrawberry pano inongotora kubva muna Chivabvu kusvika Nyamavhuvhu, asi chibereko chave kuwanikwa gore rese. Mastrawberries atinodya mumwedzi yechando anobva kure seMexico, Chile, California, Florida, neIsrael. Mastrawberries anotorwa kunze kwenyika ane chiyero chakashata che ecological uye anowanzoravira zvakanaka nekuti anokohwa asina kuibva uye haabve aibva.
Mukuwedzera, michero z. B. muSpain yakaoma, iyo yagara ichinetswa nekusanaya kwemvura, inofanira kudiridzwa zvakanyanya. Imwe yemvura yacho inopombwa zvisiri pamutemo, iyo, mukuwirirana neWWF, inotyisidzira kuomesa Coto de Doñana National Park, imwe yenzvimbo dzakaoma zvikurusa dzeEurope yokumaodzanyemba, uye nzvimbo dzechando dzezviuru zveshiri dzinotama.
Saka zvine musoro mune akati wandei kana iwe uchingofarira sitiroberi mumwaka (Chivabvu kusvika Nyamavhuvhu) kubva mudunhu rako!
Organic mastrawberries ane hutano
Nehurombo, kana zvasvika kune zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene, mastrawberries epamba haaite zvirinani pane zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Zvidzidzo zvakatangwa naSaldo (Verbraucherinfo AG) muSwitzerland zvakaratidza kuti 3 chete kubva ku25 samples, yakabva kuSpain neFrance yenzvimbo dzose, yakanga isina kusvibiswa. Mienzaniso miviri kubva mumatatu ane zvisaririra zvakakwirira zvakabva kuSwitzerland.
Zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwakaitwa nehofisi yemakemikari uye yezvipfuyo yekuferefeta muStuttgart muna 2016, kubva pamakumi manomwe nesere masampuli, makumi manomwe nenomwe aive nemasara uye makumi manomwe nenomwe aive nemasara akawanda. Muchiitiko che 78 samples, iyo yakabvumidzwa yakawanda yakawanda yakatopfuura. Izvi zvaive zvinhu zvakaita semakrorati, ayo maererano neEuropean Food Safety Authority anogona kukuvadza hutano hwevana, spinosad, ine njodzi kune nyuchi, kana chlorpropham, inogona kuve carcinogenic.
Zvinotyisa zvakare kuti kuongorora kunoramba kuchiwedzera kurambidzwa kunoshanda zvinhu, senge fungicide bupirimat (nerve chepfu), kushandiswa kwayo kusati kwabvumidzwa muGermany kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri.
Sezvo mastrawberries ari pakati pemichero yakasvibiswa kupfuura yose, unofanira kugara uchivimba nehupenyu hwehupenyu. Izvi zvinotsigirwawo nechidzidzo chechiPutukezi, chakaratidza kuti organic sitiroberi ine yakasimba antioxidant mhedzisiro pane yakajairwa zvibereko.
Ongororo yakaratidza kuti organic sitirobheri mapurazi akaburitsa michero yemhando yepamusoro uye ivhu rawo remhando yepamusoro rinogona kuve nepamusoro pehutachiona hwehutachiona uye kusagadzikana kusagadzikana.
Strawberries musango repurasitiki
Minda yakawanda yemastrawberry iri kupera pasi pemulch film. Izvi zvinoita kuti ivhu ritange kudziya kuitira kuti mwaka wemastrawberry utange nekukasira uye wounza goho repamusoro. Izvi zvinoderedzawo kushandiswa kwemishonga yesora. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwefoil kunewo kukanganisa kwakakomba.
Mafirimu acho anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadai se polyvinyl chloride, iyo ine plasticizers inokuvadza kune hutano uye nharaunda. Mafirimu ePVC akaoma zvikuru, kana zvisingaiti, kuti adzoke zvakare uye kana apiswa, semuenzaniso. Carcinogenic dioxins. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti chikamu chikuru chemarara ese epurasitiki ave kutumirwa kunyika dzakaita seChina, uko pasina zvimiro zvekuunganidza nekudzokorodza.
Kushandiswa kwakakura kwemafirimu emulch kunofungidzirwawo zvakanyanya kukanganisa kunogara mhuka nezvirimwa, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu muminda uye zvichikonzera kudzikiswa kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu. Dambudziko nderokuti mafirimu anobvarura nyore nyore kana abviswa uye zvikamu zvepurasitiki - mumatambudziko makuru kusvika ku40 muzana yezvinhu - zvinoramba zviri muminda.
Nyanzvi yezvokuchengetedza zvisikwa Christoph Münch yakazivisa nezveizvi kuti shiri dzakadai seSomuenzaniso, gora rinoshandisa zvimedu zvepurasitiki kuvaka dendere radzo nokuti rinoita seshizha. Izvi zvinogona kuuraya vana sezvo mvura isingayerere nekuda kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki.
Vatsvagiri vekuAmerica kubva kuBeltsville Agricultural Research Center vakakwanisa kuratidza kutanga kwa2009 kuti mafirimu emulch ane mhedzisiro yakaipa pazvinhu zvakaita seanthocyanins uye kuti mastrawberries, saka, ane yakaderera antioxidant kugona.
Kunyangwe paine biodegradable mulch mafirimu ayo u. zvinosanganisira chibage uye starch yembatatisi uye inogona kuiswa muvhu kana kuraswa mucompost. Nehurombo, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kashoma nekuti anodhura zvakapetwa kaviri uye anofanirwa kutsiviwa kakawanda. Vagadziri vanowanzo furatira chokwadi chekuti mabhaisikopo anoora haadi kucheneswa uye kuraswa.
Tinokurudzira kuti uvimbe ne organic strawberries kubva kumapurazi madiki edunhu, ayo anotengeswa zvakananga kubva kupurazi. Izvi zvinokupa mukana wekukwanisa kuona parikumera zvirimwa. Iwe unogona kazhinji kutora muchero iwe pachako. Mumapurazi emhando iyi hamuna mapurasitiki.
Rima mastrawberries ako
Strawberries inogonawo kurimwa mumabhabhu
Vanodyara vanofanira kunge vane ivhu rinosvika 2 kusvika ku3 malita. Iyo yakakura hari, zviri nani kuti ichengetedze unyoro. Izvi zvinobatsira pakuti miti inoda mvura yakawanda panguva yekukura uye muchikamu che fruiting. Vanodyara kuyera 25 x 25 cm kusvika 30 x 30 cm vanokurudzirwa.
Kunyangwe iyo sitiroberi inodyara yakanyorova, iwe unofanirwa kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura paunenge uchidiridza. Iwe unogona kuita izvi nekuisa chaenga pagomba remvura paunenge uchidyara uye nekuona nzvimbo yakakwana yemvura. Izvi zvinosanganisira z. B. kubva kumatombo, zvaenga, kana ivhu rakawedzerwa uye rinofanira kuva 2 kusvika 3 cm. Kana iwe ukaisa chidimbu chemvere pamvura inoyerera usati wazadza substrate mupoto, izvi zvinoshanda sekudzivirira uye kusefa mvura inoyerera.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakakodzera tsika dzepoto, dzakadai seToscana, Cupido, kana Mara des Bois.
Kune marudzi anopfuura zana
Usati watanga kudyara, unoda mbeu yemhando yepamusoro. Kune anopfuura zana emhando dzestrawberries uye haugone kurima mastrawberries egadheni chete, asiwo emusango. Pasinei nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinogara dzisingagumi miti.
Zvisinei, mutsauko unoitwa pakati pekutanga (semuenzaniso, Clery naLambada), pakati-pakutanga (semuenzaniso pineapple sitirobheni), uye kunonoka (semuenzaniso Florika) sitirobheri marudzi kana kamwe-kubereka (e.g. Sonata) uye akawanda-kubereka (e.g. B. Ostara). mastrawberries uye pakati pemastrawberries epamwedzi (e.g. Merosa) nemastrawberries emusango (e.g. Forest Queen). Saka hazvisi nyore kusarudza pane zvakasiyana-siyana. Paunenge uchisarudza, ita shuwa kuti mhando yestrawberry inonyatso kuenderana nenzvimbo iri mudunhu rako.
Kudyara nekudyara
Muzhinji, iwe uchatenga diki sitirobheri zvidyarwa kana kuparadzira zvirimwa zviripo kuburikidza ne stolons. Zvisinei, kusarudzwa kwemarudzi kwakakura kana ukashandisa mbeu. Saka kana uchida kuyedza kudyara mbesa dzestrawberry, unofanira kudyara tumhodzi twestrawberry pakati pekupera kwaNdira kusvika pakati paKurume.
Mushure mekunge mhodzi dzagoverwa mutireyi yembeu ine ivhu rehari rine kudya kunovaka muviri, zvinotora masvondo matanhatu kuti imere. Kana zvinomera zvaumba mashizha mashanu, zvinotanga kudyarwa muhari duku. Nguva yekudyara inobva muna Chivabvu apo zvirimwa zviduku zvakasimwa kunze kwemasendimita makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu mumubhedha wemastrawberry. Strawberry zvinomera zvakasimwa muchirimo zvinowanzobereka michero mishoma mugore rekudyara.
Imwe nguva yekudyara gare gare, i.e. muna Chikunguru kana Nyamavhuvhu, inokupa iwe mukana wekuti sitirobheri miti inogona kukura uye kubudirira zvakanaka. Kukura kwakakosha nekuti vanofanirwa kurarama muchando zvakanaka kuti vawane goho rakapfuma restrawberry gore rinouya.
Chii chinonzi strawberries pamwedzi?
Mastrawberries epamwedzi anotumidzwa zita nekuti anobereka muchero kwemwedzi. Unogona kukohwa mibayiro kakawanda. Aya ndiwo mastrawberries emusango akagadziridzwa nekuberekesa. Mwedzi strawberries zvakare zvinomera zvisingaperi. Ivo vanozivikanwa nenyaya yekuti havaumbe chero vamhanyi, asi kuti vanoberekana chete kuburikidza nembeu. Zvibereko zvavo zvidiki zvakanyanya pane izvo zvebindu mastrawberries asi zvinoratidzwa nekunyanya kunhuhwirira kuravira.
Zvokufunga nezvazvo pakukohwa
Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze uye zvakasiyana-siyana, mwaka wekukohwa unotanga muna May kana June. Mastrawberries anotangwa zvakanyanya mangwanani-ngwanani nekuti ndipo panonyanya kunhuwirira. Ita shuwa kunhonga ma berries padyo nedzinde kudzivirira kukuvadza muchero wakapfava panguva yekunhonga. Iwe unogona kuziva michero yakaibva nekuti inogona kutangwa nyore, i.e. pasina kuedza.
Kana mastrawberries akakohwewa, mashizha emiti yakasvibirira anofanira kuramba ari pamuchero. Zvikasadaro, iyo pulp ichakuvadzwa, izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yekuumba mold panguva yekuchengetedza. Mushure mokunge michero yakohwewa, unofanira kuiisa mubhasikiti rakatsetseka zvakananga. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekuti ma berries anonzwa apwanyika.
Kutenga uye kuchengetedza
Chero zvazvingava, kana uchitenga mastrawberries, iva nechokwadi chokuti anopenya, anogara akatsvuka muruvara, uye haana mavara ane moldy. Iyo yakasvibira sepals uye stem inofanira kutaridzika nyowani. Iwe unogona kuchengeta ma berries asina kushambwa mufiriji kwemazuva maviri kusvika matatu. Kana pane michero yakaora uye yakaora pakati pavo, inofanira kugadziriswa pakarepo.
Kana iwe ukagadzira muchero mujamu kana jelly kana kuumisa, unogonawo kunakidzwa nemuchero kunze kwemwaka we sitirobheri. Nekudaro, maererano nekurasikirwa kwezvikafu, kuvaomesa nechando vari mbishi kana yakazara kunobatsira zvakanyanya. Vanogona kuchengetwa kusvika gore.
