John Myers
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu: ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuqukethe okusanhlamvu kudala izinkinga zempilo kubantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe. Ukuzwela kwe-gluten kungaba ngemuva kwayo. Amaprotheni okusanhlamvu okuthiwa i-gluten anecala. Kungabangela ukungabekezelelani okuhlukahlukene: ukungezwani komzimba, isifo se-celiac, noma ukuzwela kwe-gluten okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla. Njengoba i-pizza ne-pasta kungekona kuphela ukudla okuyintandokazi e-Bella Italia, ithimba labacwaningi abavela e-Milan manje selihlole lokhu kudla ngokuningiliziwe futhi lenze ukutholakala okuthakazelisayo.
Ukuzwela kweGluten - Akulula ukuxilonga
I-Gluten - iphrotheni ezinhlamvu eziningi - ayibekezelelwa abanye abantu. Uma unesifo se-celiac, i-gluten iholela ekuvuvukeni okungapheli emathunjini amancane, okulimaza i-mucosa yamathumbu. Imiphumela isukela ku-osteoporosis kuya kumdlavuza wekoloni.
Endabeni yokuzwela kwe-gluten, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ukuzwela kwe-gluten noma ezinye izingxenye zokusanhlamvu ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezihambisanayo ku-mucosa yamathumbu ezibonakala.
Yibo kanye ubunzima bokuxilonga obuqinisekise ukuthi ubukhona bokuzwela kwe-gluten sekuxoxiwe futhi kwangabazeka kaningi kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980. NgoNovemba 2012, nokho, ukuzwela kwe-gluten kwachazwa okokuqala njengesithombe somtholampilo esizimele ku-British Medical Journal (BMJ).
Ithimba labacwaningi eliholwa uDkt Imran Aziz waseRoyal Hallamshire Hospital eSheffield libonise ukuthi akuzona kuphela iziguli zesifo se-celiac ezisabela kabi ku-gluten, kodwa futhi nabantu abangenazo izifo ze-celiac-izinguquko ezijwayelekile ze-intestinal mucosa.
Ukuzwela kweGluten akuyona into ecatshangelwayo
Ngemva kokushicilelwa kocwaningo, ochwepheshe bezizwe ngezizwe be-15 "emhlanganweni wokuvumelana" baphetha ngokuthi kunezifo ezintathu ezingabangelwa yi-gluten:
- Isifo se-Celiac: Ukudla okungenagluten impilo yonke okwamanje ukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha.
- Ukuzwela kweGluten: Ngokuvamile kwanele ukukhawulela ukudla kwe-gluten.
- Ukungezwani nokolweni: Ukolweni nokunye okusanhlamvu okuhlobene (isb. okupeliwe) kufanele kuqedwe ekudleni, ngaphandle kwalokho ukungezwani komzimba kuzokwenzeka.
Ukuxilongwa kokuzwela kwe-gluten kwenziwa kuphela kusetshenziswa inqubo yokuqeda ngoba bekungakatholakali kusetshenziswa izimpawu noma amanani egazi, kodwa njengezinye izifo ezimbili zikakolweni ne-gluten, isb B. zingahambisana nobuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, isifo sohudo, nobuhlungu bekhanda.
Manje njengoba bayanda abantu ababonakala behlushwa ukuzwela kwe-gluten - cishe amaphesenti angu-6 abantu emhlabeni, ngokusho kweNational Foundation of Celiac Awareness - ucwaningo mayelana nalokhu selusebenza ngokugcwele.
Ukuzwela kweGluten: isinkwa kanye ne-pasta ngaphansi kokuhlolwa
Ososayensi abavela e-Università Degli Studi di Milano manje sebebhekisise isinkwa ne-pasta futhi bathola ukuthi ukugayeka kokudla okuqukethe i-gluten kukhiqiza ama-molecule angena kulwelwesi lwamathumbu emathunjini egazini futhi ngenxa yalokho angaba nomthelela omubi empilweni.
Okusha mayelana nalolu cwaningo, olwanyatheliswa ngoJuni 2015, ukuthi ukuhlolwa akuzange kwenziwe nge-gluten ehlanzekile njengangaphambili, kodwa - ikakhulukazi - ngezinkwa ezimbili ezisikiwe kanye nemikhiqizo emine ye-pasta evela esitolo.
UDkt Milda Stuknytė kanye nethimba lakhe balingisa inqubo yokugaya ukudla elabhorethri futhi bathola ukuthi isinkwa ne-pasta kungaholela ekuzweleni kwe-gluten. Phakathi kwama-molecule akhiwa ngesikhathi sokugaya kwakunama-exorphin (izinto ezifana ne-morphine), okusolakala ukuthi abangela i-schizophrenia ne-autism futhi angavala izinzwa ngokuphawulekayo kubantu abazwelayo.
Kodwa-ke, akuyona nje i-gluten okugxilwe kuyo isayensi maqondana nokuzwela kwe-gluten, kodwa enye iphrotheni. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-adenosine triphosphate amylase (ATI) futhi itholakala kwezinye izinhlamvu.
Ukuzwela kweGluten: okusanhlamvu okusebenza okuphezulu ngaphansi kokusolwa
I-ATI iwumuthi oxosha izinambuzane owazaliswa ngokukhethekile ezinhlotsheni zesimanje ezisebenza kahle kakhulu (ikakhulukazi ukolweni) ukuze wenze okusanhlamvu kuzwele kakhulu ezinambuzaneni futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isivuno.
Ithimba labacwaningi eliholwa uSolwazi u-Detlef Schupan wase-University Medical Centre e-Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz liqhathanise ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba nezinhlobo ezingavamile nezindala zokusanhlamvu (isb. i-einkorn, i-emmer, noma i-kamut) kanye nokusanhlamvu kwesimanje okusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi lathola ukuthi I-ATI nayo iyimbangela yokuzwela kwe-gluten.
Ngoba abantu abaningi abangezwani ne-gluten bayibekezelela kahle i-einkorn, i-emmer & co (yize nayo iqukethe gluten), kodwa hhayi ukolweni.
Ukwengezwa kulokhu izincazelo zeziguli ezifudukayo ezibekezelele isinkwa sendabuko esivela ezweni lakubo (isb. izindawo zasemakhaya zaseMedithera) ngokungafani nesinkwa emadolobheni amaphakathi neYurophu.
Isinkwa sasedolobheni cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi senziwe ngokolweni osebenza kahle kakhulu noma ngezingcezu zenhlama yokungenisa kwamanye amazwe yaseShayina, nayo engcoliswe yizo zonke izinhlobo zokungcola, kuyilapho izinhlobo zikakolweni wesifunda ngokusobala zisengenabungozi.
Ngakho-ke yini engenziwa uma ukusetshenziswa kwesinkwa, i-pasta & co? kuholela ngokuphindaphindiwe izimpawu? Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ama-noodle (i-pasta) anempilo noma awanayo yini impilo.
Gwema i-gluten ku-Parkinson's disease
Ukuzwela kwe-Gluten kungase kube khona nesifo sika-Parkinson. Omunye umbiko wecala wathola ukuthi isiguli sikaParkinson sasinesifo se-celiac esingenazimpawu. Lapho eseshintshe ukudla kwakhe ekudleni okungenalo i-gluten, wazizwa engcono kakhulu.
Ukuzwela kweGluten kuyelapheka
Uma usola ukungabekezelelani kwe-gluten, kungcono ukuthi lokhu kucaciswe ngokwezokwelapha. Uma kuvela ukuthi awuhlushwa yisifo se-celiac noma ukungezwani komzimba, ungazihlola ukuze ubone ukuthi awuzwani ne-gluten.
Ayikho impendulo evamile yokuthi ukudla okungenagluten noma okuphansi kwe-gluten kungcono ngenxa yalokho - kodwa ukudla okuqinile ngokuvamile akudingekile. Njengoba ukuzwela kwe-gluten kungelapheka ngokudla okungenalo i-gluten, kungakufanelekela ukukwenza ngaphandle (iminyaka engu-1-2).
Njengoba kukhona okusanhlamvu okuningi ngaphandle kwe-gluten, okunjalo. Ukudla okungenayo i-Gluten okufana ne-millet, ummbila, irayisi, ne-teff, kanye nama-pseudo-cereals (isb., i-amaranth, i-buckwheat, ne-quinoa) ngokuvamile ayifaki inkinga.
