Mia Lane
Ukudla kwemifino kuyimfashini, esikhundleni senyama kuyadlondlobala. Kodwa ingabe ireferensi yebhentshi esikhundleni yenza ubulungiswa ekudleni ngakunye? Sipheka nge-tofu, soy, tempeh kanye ne-seitan.
I-Tofu: indawo yenyama engenalutho? Ushizi onjalo!
I-Tofu ivela e-Asia futhi ayisho lutho ngaphandle koshizi kabhontshisi noma i-quark. Eqinisweni, ukwenza i-tofu akufani nokwenza ushizi, ngaphandle kokuthi kusetshenziswa ubisi olwenziwa ngobhontshisi wesoya. Nakuba sazi ukuthi i-tofu ngokuvamile iyibhulokhi eliqinile futhi ithatha indawo yenyama enempilo, idlala indima ehluke kakhulu e-Asia.
Lapha futhi isetshenziswa njenge-tofu kasilika efana ne-pudding kuma-dessert noma ithengiswe njengokudla ezindaweni zokudla okulula “njenge-tofu enukayo” evutshelwe ku-brine.
I-tofu eyenziwe ekhaya
Uma uthanda ukuzama ekhishini, ungenza i-tofu yakho ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa nje ezilula. Konke okudingayo: ubisi lwesoya, usawoti wasolwandle, namanzi.
Thela amalitha ama-2 obisi lwesoya epanini bese ushisa kancane ufike ku-75°C. Chaza amagremu angu-25 kasawoti olwandle ezipuni ezine zamanzi bese wengeza ubisi lwe-soy. Gcoba emlilweni omncane ngenkathi ugqugquzela. Ngokushesha nje lapho ubisi luqina, cisha isitofu, faka isivalo ebhodweni, futhi uvumele ume umbozwe imizuzu emihlanu. Faka i-colander ngethawula letiye. Faka i-soy mass ngendwangu bese uyigoqa. Mboza ngepuleti elifanele bese usikala ikota yehora. Thatha i-tofu eqediwe, eqinile ngaphandle kwendwangu futhi, uma kunesidingo, cwilisa emanzini ukuze ususe izinto ezibabayo.
Isizini, intuthu, noma marinate tofu
I-tofu ivame ukugxekwa njengengxenye yenyama engenalutho engenakho nhlobo ukunambitheka kwayo. Ngokukhetha okulungile kwezinongo, noma kunjalo, izitsha ezinambitheka kakhulu ezinezici zaseMedithera, zase-Asia, noma ezimnandi zingadalwa nge-tofu.
Asikho isinongo se-tofu esikhethekile, kodwa i-tofu ihamba kahle kakhulu nesoso yesoya, engasetshenziswa ezindleleni ezihlukahlukene zokulungiselela ezifana noku-marinating, ukuthunga, noma ukugcoba. Ngokuhlanganiswa ne-ginger, i-garlic, i-coriander noma i-marjoram, izitsha ezihlwabusayo kakhulu zidalwe.
I-tofu ebhemayo iyindlela enhle ye-tofu yemvelo, njengoba inokunambitheka kwayo ngenxa yephunga lentuthu ngisho nangaphandle kwezinongo ezengeziwe. I-tofu ebhemayo ingathengwa isilungile.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungakwazi ukubhema i-tofu ngokwakho esitofini sasekhishini ngosizo lwe-wok enegridi nothuli lwentuthu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dweba i-wok negridi ngephepha le-aluminium, ufafaze othulini lwentuthu (ukuphakama okungu-2cm), bese ubeka i-tofu kugridi ngephepha le-aluminium elinezimbobo. Vala ngesivalo bese ubhema phezu komlilo ophakathi cishe imizuzu eyi-10.
Njengenyama yangempela, ukuthambisa kunezela ukunambitheka. Kubalulekile ukukhipha i-tofu ngaphambi kokucubungula futhi uyomise ngephepha lasekhishini. Bese uhlanganisa izithako ze-marinade bese ubeka i-tofu kuyo okungenani imizuzu engu-30.
I-classic phakathi kwe-tofu marinades i-soy sauce, engathuthukiswa ngezinongo ezifana ne-lime noma i-ginger. Okubalulekile: gcina i-tofu esiqandisini ukuze ugcine ukusha okufunayo. Bese uthosa nhlangothi zombili.
Ngiyinyama
Inyama yesoya, eyaziwa ngelesoya eqoshiwe ngokwemibandela yobuchwepheshe bokudla, iqukethe ufulawa wesoya osuliwe, othola ukwakheka kwawo okunjengenyama, okune-fibrous ngokuqhubeka nokucutshungulwa okukhethekile. Ngokuyinhloko ayinambitheki, inamaprotheni amaningi, namafutha aphansi.
Inzuzo enkulu yenyama yesoya: Iphila isikhathi eside kakhulu uma yomile futhi iguquguquka njengomfowabo wangempela. Ukuthi njenge-steak, esikhundleni senyama egayiwe, noma kusikwe ku-fricassee - ngokuyisisekelo, noma yisiphi isidlo senyama singaphekwa ngenyama eyenziwe ngesoya.
Yenziwa kanjani inyama yesoya?
Empeleni, inyama yesoya, okuhlanganisa nesoya eyenziwe ngomumo, iwumkhiqizo wokukhipha uwoyela wesoya. Ufulawa we-soy osele uyafudunyezwa, ucindezelwe, futhi ulolongelwe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-extruder. Ukukhiqizwa kufana nalokho kwama-cornflakes, lapho ummbila "uvela khona".
Njenge-schnitzel...
Inyama ye-soy ingabunjwa kunoma yikuphi ukuma. Kukhona futhi izingcezu ezinkulu zenyama yesoya ezingasetshenziswa njengezindondo noma ama-steaks. Lezi kufanele zifakwe emhluzweni ofakwe kahle, obilayo, omisiwe, bese ufakwa epanini. I-schnitzel yesinkwa noma ama-steaks we-grill nawo angahlanganiswa ngale ndlela.
Njenge-gyros...
Uma sezicwilisiwe, ama-soy shreds angaqhubeka nokucutshungulwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Njenge-gyros, njengenyama egayiwe, "njengokufaka inyama" yesaladi, noma kusaladi yenkukhu "yenkohliso" - konke kungenzeka. Ungakwazi ngisho nokupheka i-goulash enenhliziyo ngaphandle kwenyama nhlobo.
Njengokugebenga...
Ama-granules e-soy angase azwakale amakhulu, kodwa okuphambene kuyiqiniso. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa njengenyama egayiwe futhi okuhle ngayo: ingabe ihlale iyintsha! Amabhega angenayo inyama? I-chili yenhliziyo ene-sin carne? Noma i-spaghetti yemifino Bolognese? Ayikho inkinga!
I-Seitan - Yenziwe ngeglue kafulawa
Ngokungafani nama-substitutes amaningi, i-seitan ayisekelwe ku-soy, kodwa kufulawa wokusanhlamvu. Empeleni, i-seitan ayiyona into engaphezu kwenhlama eyenziwe nge-gluten emsulwa futhi ngenxa yalokho ngeshwa ayibafanele abantu abadla imifino abanokungabekezelelani kwe-gluten. Lokho i-seitan efana ngayo neziningi ezithatha indawo yenyama umsuka wayo: iphuma e-Asia.
AmaBuddha aseShayina ekuqaleni asungula enye indawo yenyama futhi ayibiza ngokuthi mian-jin. Kodwa-ke, i-seitan yesimanje iyinhlangano yaseJapane eyasungulwa kusukela ngawo-1960. I-Seitan inamaprotheni amaningi kunenyama yenkomo, inamaprotheni amaningi kakhulu, futhi ayinawo amafutha futhi ayinakho cholesterol. Okuthakazelisa ikakhulukazi kwabadla imifino: I-Seitan iqukethe insimbi eningi!
Yenza i-seitan ngokwakho
Ungakwazi kalula ukwenza seitan ngokwakho kusuka kufulawa. Okudingayo amanzi, isihlungi, nokubekezela okuncane. Ikhilogremu elilodwa likafulawa libe selikhiqiza cishe amagremu angu-250 e-seitan.
Ngenhlama eluhlaza, kunamamililitha angu-750 amanzi ngekhilogremu ngayinye kafulawa (okungcono ukolweni). Inhlama ehlutshiwe kahle kufanele ifakwe ku-colander endishini yamanzi afudumele okungenani amahora amabili, ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele.
Amanzi manje kufanele aqale avuselelwe futhi inhlama ixove ngokuqinile esisefweni. Lapha, isitashi siphuma enhlama, okwenza amanzi aguquguquke. Phinda inqubo ngamanzi afudumele nabandayo kuze kube yilapho amanzi engasaguquki. Shiya inhlama ye-seitan ku-strainer emanzini abandayo ihora.
Susa ibhola lenhlama emanzini, ubeke ithawula ekhishini, futhi ukhiphe kahle ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqinile. I-seitan eqediwe manje ingalolongwa ngendlela othanda ngayo.
I-Gluten powder iyatholakala kulabo abangenasineke noma abalambile ikakhulukazi. Imane ixutshwe namanzi bese yenza inhlama ye-seitan eqinile ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa nje.
Bilisa inhlama ye-seitan emhluzweni ofakwe isinongo phezu kokushisa okuphezulu imizuzu engu-30 bese uyibeka esisefweni ukuze ukhiphe. Khipha i-seitan eqediwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi encane. Izingcezu ze-seitan eziqediwe manje zingadliwa ngokuqondile noma zicutshungulwe ngokuqhubekayo, isibonelo ku-grill noma epanini.
Isinongo esifanele
Njengemikhiqizo eminingi ethatha indawo yenyama, i-seitan ngokwayo ayinakho nhlobo ukunambitheka kwayo. Nokho, ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kwayo, i-seitan ingakwazi ukumunca noma yikuphi ukunambitheka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Lokhu kuyenza ibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene: ezitsheni zase-Asia, ukudla kwaseMedithera, noma ukupheka kwasekhaya. Ungagxili kakhulu mayelana nesinongo futhi vele uzame kancane. I-Seitan ingafakwa emanzini njengenyama yangempela, ifakwe emhluzini onephunga elimnandi, noma uzinambithe wena ngokwakho.
Ukusuka e-Asia ukuya eMedithera
I-garlic, i-ginger, isoso ye-soy, i-coriander, i-safron, i-curry paste - konke okuhlinzekwa yi-Asia mayelana nezinongo kungasetshenziswa. Okokuqala, zama ukwenza isitokwe esinambitheka kakhulu sikagalikhi, i-ginger, nesoso yesoya ngosawoti kanye nopelepele. Labo abathanda ukuhlola bangangeza nebhotela lamantongomane noma isoso yenhlanzi yase-Thai esitokweni.
Ikhishi laseMedithera likhula kahle ngamakhambi amasha: basil, thyme, oregano, nerosemary. Kodwa ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza u-garlic noma unamathisele utamatisi ku-brew ukupheka i-seitan. Uma uthanda i-spicier encane, ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza upelepele oqoshiwe.
Uma ufuna ukuhlanganisa i-schnitzel enenhliziyo enhle noma i-burger esikhundleni se-seitan, kufanele uqale ulungiselele umhluzi oqinile wemifino bese wengeza u-anyanisi omusha namakhambi wendawo, njenge-parsley noma i-chives. Amaqabunga e-bay, amajikijolo omjunipha, noma ama-peppercorns aphelele nawo anikeza i-seitan ukunambitheka kwe-tart.
Ubhontshisi wesoya + cep = tempeh
U-Tempeh uvela e-Indonesia futhi angabheka emuva esikweni leminyaka engu-2,000 lapho. Ukubukeka kwayo kufana noju lwaseTurkey, okubangelwa ukuthi ubhontshisi wesoya ocutshungulwayo usaphelele ngokuphelele.
Nge-tempeh, ubhontshisi awucutshungulwa ube ngufulawa, kodwa "uvutshiwe" ngosizo lwamasiko angenangozi esikhunta. Le nqubo idala ungqimba oluqinile lwesikhunta ezikhaleni phakathi kukabhontshisi wesoya, okungefani nalokhu kwe-cammbert, isibonelo. I-Tempeh iphansi kakhulu emafutheni futhi inothile ngamaprotheni namavithamini abalulekile.
Ukupheka nge tempeh
Nakuba i-tempeh ine-nutty flavour yayo, njenganoma iyiphi enye indawo esikhundleni senyama, ingafakwa isinongo noma ifakwe emanzini ukuze inambitha. Funda lapha ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani i-tempeh ngendlela efanele:
Njengenyama, i-tempeh ingathoswa epanini ngamafutha amancane. Amafutha e-Peanut noma esesame angasetshenziselwa ukunambitheka kwe-Asia. Uma uthanda, ungakwazi futhi isinkwa tempeh. Sika i-tempeh ibe yizicucu noma izingcezu, uthuli ngofulawa, bese ucwilisa eqandeni. Ama-Vegans angasebenzisa ingxube kafulawa wesoya namanzi esikhundleni seqanda. Bese ugoqa ku-breadcrumbs bese uthosa.
Akukhathalekile ukuthi kuhlanzekile, kunongwe, noma kufakwe emanzini uma kubhakwa. Sika i-tempeh ibe yizicucu ezincane bese ushisa ihhavini ku-180 ° C (i-convection). Bhaka izingcezu ze-tempeh cishe imizuzu engama-20.
Kusabalele njengokudla okulula e-Asia: tempeh ethosiwe. Uma ungenayo i-deep fryer ekhaya, ungavele ushise amafutha epanini. Sika i-tempeh ibe yimichilo, gazinga cishe imizuzu emi-3 kuze kube nsundu osagolide, bese ukhipha ephepheni lasekhishini. I-tempeh ethosiwe yinhle njengokuphelezelwa kwamasaladi noma njenge-topping yamasemishi emifino.
