Imbewu Yamathanga – Isidlo Samaprotheni Aphezulu

Imbewu yethanga - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yosiwe noma eluhlaza - inambitheka amantongomane, i-crunchy, futhi inephunga elimnandi. Zidliwa njengesidlo, zifafazwe phezu kwamasaladi, zengezwe ezitsheni zelayisi, noma zixutshwe nesinkwa nenhlama.

Imbewu Yethanga Eliluhlaza – Ikhambi Lemvelo Lesinye Nendlala Yendlala Yendlala Yendlala Yendlala Yesinye

Imbewu yethanga eluhlaza engathengwa yonke indawo yimbewu yethanga likawoyela (i-Styrian) (Cucurbita pepo). Amafutha embewu yethanga nawo acindezelwa kuwo. Ama-kernel awadingi ukukhishwa amagobolondo njengoba engenamagobolondo ngenxa yoguquko olwenzeka eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.

Imbewu yamathanga eluhlaza inambitheka kakhulu, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwayo - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukudla noma umuthi - kuyinjabulo yangempela. Futhi njengoba imbewu yamathanga ingamakhambi endabuko ezifo zesinye kanye ne-prostate, kulokhu, umuthi awumunyu, kodwa umnandi kakhulu.

Inani lokudla okunempilo kwembewu yethanga

Njengenhlalayenza ngembewu, imbewu yamathanga nayo iqukethe amafutha amaningi. Nokho, lawa ngokuyinhloko ama-fatty acids anempilo anomphumela omuhle enhliziyweni, emithanjeni yegazi, nasengqondweni. Imbewu yethanga nayo inamaprotheni eqophelo eliphezulu kanye nama-carbs aphansi. Amanani omsoco we-100g yembewu yamathanga omisiwe ami kanje:

• 1.1 amagremu amanzi
• 48.4 amagremu amafutha
• 37.1 g amaprotheni
• 2.9 g ama-carbohydrate (okukhona i-1 g Ushukela: 85 mg glucose kanye 71 mg fructose)
• 9 g ifayibha (1.8 g encibilika emanzini kanye ne-7.2 g yefayibha engancibiliki emanzini)

Ama-calories Embewu Yethanga

I-100 g yembewu yethanga inama-590 kcal (2,468 kJ), yingakho kungamangalisi ukuthi isikhathi eside kuthiwa ukudla okunamafutha. Yiqiniso, ngeke udle i-100 g yembewu yethanga futhi uma udla i-30 g "kuphela" i-177 kcal. Noma kunjalo, imbewu yethanga inokuqukethwe kwekhalori efanayo nama-chips, kodwa inempilo kakhulu!

Imbewu yethanga ayikona ukudla okukhuluphalisayo

Naphezu kokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephezulu, imbewu yethanga ayikona ukudla okukhuluphalisayo. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe lweminyaka engu-5 olubandakanya izihloko ze-373,293 ezineminyaka engu-25 kuya ku-70 lubonise ukuthi ukudla okuphakeme kwamantongomane empeleni kwakuhlotshaniswa nokuzuza kwesisindo esincane kanye nengozi ephansi yokukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala.

Isizathu salokhu asikacaciswa ngokugcwele. Abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi amantongomane nembewu kukugcina ugcwele isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha afinyelela kumaphesenti angu-20 asembewu angase angamuncwa nhlobo umzimba, ngakho ngokoqobo, awanawo ama-kilojoule amaningi njengoba evela ephepheni.

Umthwalo we-glycemic wembewu yamathanga

Inkomba ye-glycemic (GI) yembewu yethanga ingama-25. Amanani afinyelela ku-55 abhekwa njengephansi, okusho ukuthi imbewu yethanga ayinawo umthelela emazingeni kashukela egazini. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, inani le-GI alisho lutho ikakhulukazi, njengoba lihlala libhekisela ku-100 g wama-carbohydrates ekudleni okuhambisanayo - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrate ku-100 g ngayinye yokudla kungakanani nokuthi iqukethe i-fiber eningi ekudleni.

Amanani we-glycemic load (GL), ngakolunye uhlangothi, angokoqobo kakhulu. Ngoba lokhu kubhekisela enanini lama-carbohydrate aqukethwe ngokuphakelwa ngakunye kanye nokuqukethwe kwefayibha nakho kufakiwe. Imbewu yethanga ine-GL ka-3.6 kuphela, kuyilapho ama-chips ashiwo ngaphambilini acishe abe ngu-30. Izikolo ezifika ku-10 zithathwa njengeziphansi, amaphuzu asuka ku-11 kuya ku-19 amaphakathi, futhi amaphuzu angu-20 nangaphezulu aphakeme. Ngenxa yalokho, imbewu yamathanga nayo iyisnack efanelekile yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nabo bonke abantu abazisa izinga likashukela egazini elilinganiselwe, okufanele kube njalo lapho ulahlekelwa isisindo kanye nazo zonke izifo ezingapheli.

Imbewu yethanga yabanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Abacwaningi baseBrazil benze ucwaningo olulawulwa yi-placebo ngo-2018 ukuze baphenye ukuthi imbewu yethanga kanye ne-flaxseeds iholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamazinga kashukela wegazi we-postprandial (ushukela wegazi ngemva kokudla).

Iqembu elilodwa lathola ukudla okuxubile okune-carbohydrate ngaphandle kwembewu (iqembu lokulawula noma le-placebo) izinsuku ezintathu, kanti elinye lathola ukudla ngo-65 g wembewu yethanga noma i-linseed esikhundleni salokho. Izidlo zokuhlola zazinokwakheka okufanayo kwezakhi. Kwavela ukuthi imbewu yethanga ayizange inyuse izinga likashukela egazini nganoma iyiphi indlela, kodwa ingalehlisa ngisho nakakhulu ngakho-ke iyisidlo esilungele abanesifo sikashukela noma ingaxutshwa njengesithako kwezinye izidlo.

Imbewu yethanga inikeza amaprotheni ekhwalithi ephezulu

I-snack encane yembewu yethanga (30 g) isivele ikunika cishe u-10 g wamaprotheni. Lokho kakade sekungaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-15 esidingo sansuku zonke samaprotheni kumuntu ongamakhilogremu angu-70. Kodwa-ke, imbewu yethanga ayigcini nje ngokuletha ubuningi, kodwa futhi nekhwalithi. Ngoba iphrotheni yembewu yethanga inenani eliphakeme kakhulu lebhayoloji elifinyelela ku-816 ngephrotheni yemifino. Ukuqhathanisa: Inani lebhayoloji lamaqanda enkukhu yi-100, lelo lenyama yenkomo 92, kanye noshizi 85.

Inani lebhayoloji leprotheni liphakeme kakhulu, kulapho iphrotheni efanele ifana kakhulu nephrotheni yomuntu, okusho ukuthi inani le-amino acid lifana kakhulu kanye nezilinganiso zokuxutshwa kwama-amino acid aqukethwe.

Amaprotheni asembewu yethanga nawo ahlinzeka nge-lysines eningi, i-amino acid equkethwe kancane kuphela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokusanhlamvu. Ngakho-ke imbewu yethanga iyisengezo esihle kakhulu kumaprotheni okusanhlamvu - isb. B. esesimweni sesinkwa sembewu yethanga.

I-tryptophan ebalulekile yama-amino acid nayo itholakala ngokwedlulele ezinhlamvini zamathanga, okuyinto ehlukile ngempela ngoba ngisho nokudla okuningi kwezilwane okucebile amaprotheni akuhlinzeki nge-tryptophan eningi njengembewu yethanga.

Amavithamini embewu yethanga

Esinye isizathu esenza imbewu yethanga ibe nempilo kangaka singabalelwa ukunotha kwamanye amavithamini eqembu B afana namavithamini B1 no-B3.

Amaminerali wembewu yethanga

Okuqukethwe kwamaminerali kwembewu yethanga nakho kuyathakazelisa. Ngoba imbewu eluhlaza "amaphilisi amaminerali" ahlanzekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma udla imbewu yethanga eyanele njalo, maningi amathuba okuthi uzohlinzekwa kahle kakhulu ngamaminerali amane atholakala ngamanani aphezulu kakhulu ezimbewu zamathanga: i-magnesium, i-zinc, ithusi, nensimbi. Ingxenye yembewu yethanga (30 g) isivele imboze:

• Amaphesenti angu-23 wesidingo se-zinc (30 g iqukethe u-1.9 mg we-zinc)
• Amaphesenti angu-12 esidingo sensimbi (30 g iqukethe i-iron engu-1.5 mg)
• Amaphesenti angu-26 esidingo se-magnesium (30 g iqukethe 89.4 mg magnesium)
• Amaphesenti angu-21 wesidingo sekhopha (30 g iqukethe 261 µg yethusi)

Ama-phytochemicals embewu yethanga

Ngaphezu kwezakhi ezifana ne-vitamin B1 ne-magnesium, izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinto zezitshalo zesibili ze-antioxidant zibophezele amandla okuphulukisa embewu yethanga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

• ama-phenolic acid (isb. i-coumaric acid, i-ferulic acid, i-sinapic acid, i-vanillic acid, i-syringic acid)
• Ama-Lignans (ama-phytoestrogens)
• I-Phytosterols (isb, i-beta-sitosterol, i-sitostanol, ne-avenasterol)
• I-carotenoids (isb, i-beta-carotene, i-lutein, i-flavoxanthin, i-luteoxanthin)

Imbewu yethanga ivikela ekungazali okubangelwa ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali

I-cocktail yezitshalo zezitshalo esohlwini inamandla kangangokuthi ingase—kanye nokukhishwa kwejinja—kunikeze umzimba isivikelo esithile emiphumeleni emibi yezinye izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni ngamakhemikhali.

Isibonelo, umuthi i-cyclophosphamide (CP) waziwa ngokwenza iziguli zibe yinyumba. Kwabesilisa, inani elikhulu lesidoda liyafa phakathi nalokhu kwelashwa futhi ezisele zilahlekelwa ukuhamba. Ucwaningo lwezilwane lubonise ukuthi ingxube yembewu yethanga kanye ne-ginger ekhishwe ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yesidoda nobungqabavu.

imbewu yamathanga namafutha embewu yamathanga

Imbewu yethanga iwumhlinzeki wekhwalithi ephezulu wama-acids abalulekile. Amafutha embewu yethanga aqukethe amaphesenti angama-80 ama-unsaturated fatty acids. Cishe amaphesenti angu-35 alokhu angamafutha e-monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid) namaphesenti angu-45 e-polyunsaturated fatty acids (i-linoleic acid, i-omega-6 fatty acid). Okuqukethwe kwe-alpha-linolenic acid, i-omega-3 fatty acid, ingamaphesenti angu-2.

Ama-phytosterols anomphumela onenzuzo ku-prostate kanye nofuzo (androgenetic) ukulahlekelwa izinwele kumafutha embewu yethanga. Kuthiwa i-DHT (dihydrotestosterone) ibhekene nezinkinga zombili. Ngenxa yokuthi inani leserum ye-DHT liphakeme, kulapho i-prostate ikhula futhi izinwele ziwa ngokushesha ku-genetic predisposition.

Kodwa-ke, ama-phytosterols avimbela umsebenzi walokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-5-alpha-reductase, i-enzyme evame ukuguqula i-testosterone ibe yi-DHT (dihydrotestosterone), okungukuthi inyusa izinga le-DHT. Uma i-enzyme ivinjiwe, izinga le-DHT liyehla, i-prostate ingalulama futhi ukulahlekelwa izinwele kuyekwa.

Amafutha embewu yethanga ngokumelene nokulahlekelwa izinwele zabesifazane

Amafutha embewu yethanga angasiza hhayi ekulahlekeni kwezinwele zabesilisa kuphela kodwa nasekulahlekeni kwezinwele zabesifazane, njengoba ucwaningo olunezihloko zokuhlola ezingamashumi ayisithupha lwabonisa ngo-2021. Abangamashumi amathathu kubo babhucunga amafutha embewu yethanga ekhanda labo izinyanga ezingu-3, ​​kanti abanye amashumi amathathu nanhlanu% igwebu le-minoxidil (elithengiswa njenge-Rogaine). Ekupheleni kocwaningo, kwatholakala ukuthi amafutha embewu yethanga ayelungile ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezinwele njenge-minoxidil. Nokho, lokhu kwakamuva kwaba nemiphumela engemihle eminingi uma kuqhathaniswa namafutha embewu yethanga, isb. B. Ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukulunywa, nokwanda kwezinwele ezikhula kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Indlela yokusebenzisa amafutha e-pumpkin ukulahlekelwa izinwele

Gcoba kancane amafutha embewu yethanga ezindaweni ezithintekile zekhanda nezinwele. Bese ufaka i-cap yokugeza bese ushiya imaski yezinwele amahora angu-3. Izinwele zibe sezigezwa njengenjwayelo. Amafutha kufanele asetshenziswe okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto okungenani izinyanga ezi-2. Phela, imiphumela engcono kakhulu ingafinyelelwa uma amafutha embewu yethanga asetshenziswa ngaphandle nangaphakathi.

Imbewu yethanga ngokumelene nokulahlekelwa izinwele

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, kufanele futhi kube yi-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) enesibopho sokulahlekelwa izinwele esimweni sokulahlekelwa izinwele zofuzo. Njengoba amafutha embewu yethanga ehlisa amazinga e-DHT, kunconywa ukuthi uthathe isipuni samafutha embewu yethanga elicindezelwe abandayo kathathu ngosuku noma udle imbewu encane yethanga kathathu ngosuku ukuze usize ukwelapha ukuqothuka kwezinwele.

Ucwaningo lwango-2014 olulawulwa yi-placebo olulawulwa ngokungahleliwe - esiluchaze lapha - lwathola ukuthi ukuthatha amafutha embewu yethanga kungaholela ekwandeni kwezinwele ezigcwele ngamaphesenti angama-40.

Endabeni yokulahlekelwa izinwele zofuzo, ungathatha isipuni samafutha embewu yethanga nsuku zonke noma umane ulungiselele isaladi yakho yansuku zonke ngokugqoka kwamafutha embewu yethanga.

Ngaphezu kwamafutha aphulukisayo, imbewu yethanga nayo iqukethe iphrotheni yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu: iphrotheni yembewu yethanga.

Imbewu yethanga isiza ekukhuliseni i-benign prostate

Imbewu yethanga ingasiza futhi esimweni sokwanda kwe-benign prostate (BPH = i-benign prostatic hyperplasia), okungukuthi ivimbele into enjalo noma idambise kakhulu i-BPH ekhona - njengoba ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene lwezokwelapha selubonisile manje.

Ku-BPH, i-prostate iyakhuliswa, okungaholela ekubeni kube nzima ukuchama (ukungingiza), ukulangazelela njalo ukuchama (kuhlanganise nasebusuku), kanye nezifo eziphindaphindiwe esinyeni.

Ngo-2009, abacwaningi baseKorea babonisa imiphumela emihle yamafutha embewu yethanga ku-prostate ocwaningweni olulawulwa yi-placebo (1). Cishe iziguli ezingama-50 ezine-BPH zalandelwa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Iziguli ekuqaleni zazinamaphuzu angaphezu kuka-8 ku-International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS).

I-IPSS iwuhlu lwezimpawu ezinganikezwa amaphuzu angu-0 kuye kwangu-5 kuye ngobunzima bazo. Uma othile esenamaphuzu angaphezu kuka-7 ku-IPSS, i-BPH ibhekwa njengebucayi ngokwanele ukuqala ukwelashwa.

Abahlanganyeli manje bathole:

• noma i-placebo (iqembu A),
• Amafutha Embewu Yethanga (320 mg ngosuku - Iqembu B),
• Saw Palmetto Amafutha (320 mg ngosuku - Iqembu C) noma
• Amafutha embewu yethanga ahlanganiswe namafutha e-saw palmetto (320 mg lilinye ngosuku - iqembu D)

Nakuba kungazange kubonwe ukuncipha kosayizi we-prostate, amaphuzu ku-IPSS emaqenjini B, C, no-D ehla ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu nje. Izinga lempilo lenyuke ngokuphawulekayo kuwo womathathu amaqembu ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kamuva, kodwa hhayi eqenjini le-placebo. Eqenjini D, inani le-PSA liphinde lehla - inani elingabonisi kuphela izinkinga ze-benign prostate kodwa futhi lingabonisa ukuvuvukala kwendlala yesinye noma umdlavuza wendlala yesinye.

Ngo-June 2011, abacwaningi babhala ephephabhukwini elithi Urologia Internationalis ukuthi imbewu yethanga ngamaphesenti angu-15 wekhalori yansuku zonke yakwazi ukunciphisa ama-prostates ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-28 kumagundane. Ukudla imbewu yethanga kuphinde kwakwazi ukwehlisa inani le-PSA kulolu cwaningo.

Okwakamuva ucwaningo lwango-2016 olwenziwe e-Kurpark Klinik e-Bad Nauheim, eJalimane. Amadoda angaphezu kuka-1,400 ane-BPH abambe iqhaza futhi athatha ama-5 g wembewu yethanga kabili ngosuku, ama-capsules angu-500 wembewu yethanga kabili ngosuku, noma isithasiselo se-placebo.

Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12, kwavela ukuthi imbewu yethanga ayinawo umphumela othize. Kodwa-ke, eqenjini elalidla nje imbewu yethanga nsuku zonke, ababambiqhaza benze kangcono kakhulu kunaseqenjini le-placebo.

Imbewu yethanga yesinye esicasulayo

Imbewu yethanga ingabuye isetshenziselwe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi isinye esicasulayo (isinye esisebenza ngokweqile) esivame ukulangazelela ukuchama. Abesifazane ikakhulukazi bahlushwa yile nkinga, evame ukuqala phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amathathu nesihlanu yokuphila. Ngo-2014, ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ukuthatha i-10 g yamafutha embewu yethanga ngosuku kungase kuholele ekuthuthukisweni okuphawulekayo kwesinye isinye esicasulayo ngemva kwamasonto angu-12.

Imbewu yethanga inyusa amazinga e-serotonin

Umthamo omkhulu wama-535 mg we-tryptophan (i-amino acid ebalulekile) uhlala ku-100 g wembewu yethanga. Ngisho nenyama, equkethe amaprotheni amaningi, ayinikezi i-tryptophan eningi (isb. inyama yenkomo iqukethe kuphela ama-242 mg we-tryptophan ku-100 g). I-Serotonin ikhiqizwa emzimbeni kusuka ku-tryptophan. Lesi sidakamizwa sinomthwalo wemfanelo ngesimo sethu sengqondo ngakho amazinga aphansi e-serotonin angaholela ekucindezelekeni. Futhi eqinisweni, ngo-2018, ucwaningo eNyuvesi yaseCambridge lubonise ukuthi imbewu yethanga ingamelana nokucindezeleka.

Ebusuku, i-hormone melatonin ikhiqizwa ku-serotonin. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-hormone yokulala futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi siyakhathala kusihlwa, siphumule futhi sichithe ubusuku ngokulala okupholile. Uma umzimba une-serotonin encane kakhulu, ngokwemvelo kuba nzima ukukhiqiza i-melatonin futhi ukulala isikhathi eside kuyeza.

Ngakho-ke, ukunikezwa okuphelele kwe-tryptophan kuyisidingo esibalulekile sakho kokubili isimo sengqondo esinokulinganisela nokulala okuhle. Imbewu yethanga ingasiza ngokumangalisayo lapha, isb. Uma udla imbewu yethanga kanye nama-carbohydrate agayeka kalula (isib. isithelo esincane) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokulala.

Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ephephabhukwini i-Nutritional Neuroscience ngo-2005 lwabonisa ukuthi imbewu yethanga, lapho idliwa nomthombo wama-carbohydrate, yayisebenza ngempumelelo ekudaleni ubuthongo njengosizo lokulala olusekelwe e-tryptophan.

Abacwaningi abafanayo bathola eminyakeni emibili kamuva ukuthi imbewu yethanga-futhi, idliwe nama-carbohydrates (ocwaningweni nge-glucose ehlanzekile) -ingasetshenziswa nakubantu abanenkinga yokukhathazeka komphakathi, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhathazeka. Ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi:

"I-Tryptophan evela emthonjeni wamaprotheni njengembewu yethanga ehlanganiswe ne-glycemic carbohydrate ephezulu imelela ukukhathazeka okungaba khona kulabo abahlushwa ukukhathazeka komphakathi".

I-Pumpkin Seed Protein: Ilungele isibindi

Iphrotheni yembewu yethanga nayo inezinye izinzuzo: ingaba yinzuzo kakhulu empilweni yesibindi. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa okushicilelwe ngo-2020, ukudla amaprotheni embewu yethanga kungathuthukisa ama-enzyme esibindi akhushulwe ngenxa yokudakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaprotheni asembewu yethanga akhulisa amazinga ama-enzyme e-antioxidant omzimba, athuthukisa umthamo we-antioxidant, futhi avimbele ukucindezelwa kwe-oxidative, okubuye kuzuzise isibindi.

Imbewu yethanga inciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, imbewu yethanga iqukethe ama-phytoestrogens (lignans), angase anciphise ingozi yomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane, ngokusho kocwaningo lwangoMeyi 2012 kumagazini i-Nutrition and Cancer. Abacwaningi babheke ukudla kwabesifazane abangaphezu kuka-9,000 bathola ukuthi labo abadla ukudla okunothe nge-phytoestrogen mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba babe nomdlavuza webele. Ngaphezu kwezinhlamvu zamathanga, ukudla okucebile nge-phytoestrogen kuhlanganisa nembewu yelanga, i-flaxseed, nemikhiqizo ye-soy.

Imbewu yethanga ixosha ama-parasite

Imbewu yethanga iyaziwa futhi emithini yesintu ukuze ihlanze amathumbu - kubantu nasezilwaneni ngakho abanye abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo njalo baxuba imbewu yethanga eligaywe kahle ekudleni kwamahhashi abo nezinja ukuze bavimbele izimuncagazi zamathumbu.

Imbewu yethanga ayinawo umphumela wokuvimbela ekuthelelekeni kwezikelemu kodwa futhi ibe nomphumela oqondile wokwelapha. Ocwaningweni luka-2012 ( Acta Tropica ), abacwaningi bathola ukuthi imbewu yethanga, kanye ne-betel nut, yaqeda ukutheleleka kwe-tapeworm kumaphesenti angu-79 ababambiqhaza futhi kwaholela ekuchithekeni kwezikelemu zetapeworm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungakapheli amahora amabili, iziguli zase zingenazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezikelemu ezazingenwe ngazo.

Uma iziguli bezithatha imbewu yethanga zizodwa, okungenani amaphesenti angama-75 ababambiqhaza akwazi ukukhipha izikelemu zabo. Kwathatha amahora angu-14 ukuthi zonke izikelemu ziqedwe.

Ucwaningo lwenziwa ngoba umuthi owodwa wemithi emibili osebenza ngempumelelo ngokumelene nezikelemu ze-tapeworm (praziquantel) ungabangela ukuquleka kwesifo sokuwa kanti omunye (i-niclosamide) awutholakali ezindaweni eziningi ezihlaselwe yizimuncagazi, ngakho-ke omunye ubefuna ukubekezeleleka futhi okutholakala kabanzi kodwa emtholampilo. ngesikhathi esifanayo izindlela ezisebenzayo ngempela.

Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, imbewu yethanga iyinzalo ye-anti-par. Ngoba izingane zithanda ukungenwa ama-pinworms - futhi imbewu yethanga inambitheka kamnandi ukuze ikwazi ukumuncwa kalula ngokuvikela.

Imbewu yethanga njengamahlumela

Amahlumela amasha angatshalwa kalula kusuka kumbewu yethanga. Kubalulekile ukuthi imbewu yamathanga eluhlaza engenagobolondo isetshenziselwe ukutshala. Qhubeka kanje uma uzalanisa:

• Gcoba imbewu yethanga amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12, bese ukhipha amanzi.
• Faka imbewu yethanga embizeni ehlumayo.
• Vumela imbewu iqhume ku-18 kuya ku-20 °C bese uyinisela izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngosuku.
• Vuna amahlumela ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezingu-3, ​​ngaphandle kwalokho, azonambitha okubabayo.
• Ungagcina amahlumela esiqandisini izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2.

Ithanga lama-nutty lihluma linambitheka kakhulu esinkwa esigaywe ibhotela (i-wholemeal), kusaladi, ezitsheni zemifino, noma ku-herbal quark.

Ukuthenga imbewu yethanga

Ngegobolondo noma ngaphandle, okuluhlaza, okugazingiwe noma okufakwe usawoti: Imbewu yethanga itholakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezitolo ezinkulu, ezitolo zokudla kwezempilo, kanye nezitolo zokudla kwezempilo unyaka wonke. Lapho uthenga, qiniseka ukuthi iphakethe alilimele nokuthi usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi alukadluli. Uma ufuna ukwenza ngaphandle kwezinto eziyingozi, kufanele uthembele kukhwalithi ye-organic.

Imbewu yethanga igcina izibulala-zinambuzane

Ithanga linendawo yokumunca ubuthi obufana ne-polluting and carcinogenic fungicide i-hexachlorobenzene (HCB) nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali ezincibilika ngamafutha ezivela emhlabathini nasemoyeni. Njengoba izibulala-zinambuzane zikhethwa ngokukhethekile engxenyeni yamafutha embewu, ekugcineni zitholakala emafutheni embewu yethanga.

Nakuba i-HCB ingakavunyelwa isikhathi eside e-EU naseSwitzerland, amathanga, okuvela kuwo imbewu futhi kamuva amafutha embewu yethanga atholakala, manje asetshalwa emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke eChina naseNdiya, lapho ukusetshenziswa khona. Izibulala-zinambuzane kuyaziwa ukuthi azinakugwenywa.

Amafutha embewu yamathanga ase-Austrian avela eChina

Njengoba kwaziwa kudala ngamafutha omnqumo ase-Italy, akhona namafutha embewu yethanga emakethe okuthiwa aqhamuka e-Austria, okuyinto abagcina bengayenzi. Ngo-2012, imagazini yokuhlola yase-Austrian i-Verbraucher yahlaziya amafutha embewu yamathanga angu-30 futhi yathola ukuthi ngisho nowoyela onemvelaphi evikelekile yendawo awuqinisekisi ikhwalithi yase-Austrian.

Emafutheni amaningi ahloliwe, imbewu yethanga ecutshungulwe ngenxa yale njongo kungenzeka ukuthi ayizange ifike nhlobo noma ingxenye yayo yayivela e-Austria. Amafutha angu-11 kuphela ayengama-Austrians angempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha amathanga angu-3 anemvelaphi yendawo evikelwe ayembulwa, ngokuqinisekile ayengaveli e-Austria futhi equkethe nezibulala-zinambuzane ezingavunyelwe e-Austria.

Qaphela izinga lamafutha embewu yethanga

Ungawahlukanisa kanjani amafutha embewu yamathanga ekulingiseni okubi okuvela phesheya? Uma uke wajabulela amafutha embewu yethanga, uyazi ukuthi kufanele ukunambitha futhi kubukeke kanjani:

• Umbala: oluhlaza okotshani
• Ukuvumelana: obukhulu
• I-Flavor: Nutty (ayibabayo nakancane!)

Njengomthengi, ungasebenzisa futhi intengo njengomhlahlandlela. Isibonelo, amanani ancintisanayo ngokuvamile akhombisa umsuka wamaShayina. Lindela ukukhokha cishe ama-euro angama-30 ilitha ngomkhiqizo wesifunda omuhle kakhulu.

Ukugcinwa kwembewu yethanga

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimbewu, imbewu yethanga ithambile futhi iyakwazi ukungenwa isikhunta esinobuthi. Uma uzigcina isikhathi eside kakhulu, amafutha aphakeme ezinhlamvu ziphinde zisho ukuthi ziba ama-rancid bese zonakala. Ngakho-ke, lapho ugcina, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi imbewu yethanga igcinwe endaweni emnyama, epholile futhi eyomile.

Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuzigcina zingangenisi (esitsheni esivaliwe njengesiqukathi sokugcina ukudla noma imbiza yokugcina). Ngale ndlela, uqinisekisa ukuthi imbewu yethanga ihlala isha isikhathi eside futhi ayilahlekelwa iphunga layo. Isikhathi sokugcina siphakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3 nezi-4.

Ukugcinwa kwamafutha embewu yethanga

Njengembewu nje, amafutha embewu yethanga angokwemvelo. Uma kuziwa endabeni yokulondoloza, khumbula okulandelayo:

• Gcina amafutha embewu yethanga endaweni epholile futhi emnyama.
• Ibhodlela elingavuliwe lingagcinwa kuze kube unyaka ongu-1.
• Amafutha embewu yethanga avuliwe kufanele asetshenziswe phakathi kwamaviki ayisi-6 kuya kwayi-12.
• Amafutha embewu yethanga angcono kakhulu ezitsheni ezibandayo.
• Uma uwoyela ushisisa ngaphezu kuka-120 ° C, ama-acids angagcwalisiwe ayahlupheka.

Izinhlamvu zamathanga ezigazingiwe nazo zinempilo

Imbewu yethanga eligazingiwe inambitheka kakhulu. Kodwa umbuzo ophakamayo wokuthi ukugazinga akunawo yini umphumela omubi ezithakweni. Ngo-2021, abacwaningi baseShayina baphenya imiphumela yokugazinga (ku-120, 160 kanye no-200 ° C imizuzu eyi-10), isb kokuqukethwe kwamakhemikhali e-phytochemicals, anezakhiwo zokulwa ne-antioxidant, ama-fatty acids, namaprotheni.

Ukuhlaziya kubonise ukuthi inani eliphelele lezinto zezitshalo zesibili (isb. ama-flavonoid) futhi, ngenxa yalokho, amandla e-antioxidant anda ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lokugazinga. Ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwama-fatty acids akukashintshi kakhulu ngemva kokugazinga. Mayelana namaprotheni, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokugazinga lalingu-160°C ukuze kutholwe iphrotheni enekhwalithi engcono yokudla okunomsoco. Uma izinga lokushisa laliphezulu, ukushintshwa kwe-denaturation (ushintsho lwesakhiwo) kubangele ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi webhayoloji.

Izikhwebu ezigazingiwe namantongomane ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ngoba into enobuthi i-acrylamide ingakhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokugazinga. Kodwa-ke, i-acrylamide ikhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kokudla okunesitashi njengamazambane noma okusanhlamvu. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwama-carbohydrate ezinhlamvu zamathanga kuphansi, i-acrylamide encane noma ayikho nhlobo ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokugazinga.