Danielle Moore
“Ubisi lwenza amathambo aqine,” kusho abanye. “Ubisi luholela emdlavuzeni nakwezinye izifo,” kusho abanye. Zithini lezi zinganekwane zobisi, ingabe ubisi alunampilo ngempela? Siyacacisa.
Kunezingxoxo eziningi mayelana nokuthi ubisi lunempilo noma alunampilo - okuhlanganisa nezimangalo ezingelona iqiniso.
Akubona bonke abantu abalubekezelela ubisi. Kodwa lokho akubangelwa ukuthi ubisi alunampilo.
Ukuze uvikele izilwane kanye nemvelo, kufanele ucabangele izinto ezimbalwa lapho uthenga ubisi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ku-muesli, ikhofi noma ukuqabuleka nje: abantu abaningi baphuza ubisi nsuku zonke. Phela ubisi lukwenza ube mkhulu futhi ube namandla – akunjalo? Sekuyiminyaka kunezinganekwane eziningi ezizungeze umkhiqizo wobisi odumile. Sicacisa ukuthi ubisi alunampilo noma lunempilo.
Ingabe ubisi lunempilo futhi lwenza amathambo aqinile?
Liyini iqiniso lenkulumo ethi “ubisi lwenza amathambo akho aqine”?
Impendulo: Ubisi luqukethe i-calcium futhi lena ingxenye eyinhloko yamathambo ethu. Nokho, isiphetho sokuthi i-calcium esebisini yenza amathambo aqine asilungile. Umzimba wethu udinga i-vitamin D ukuze i-calcium ikwazi ukugeleza esakhiweni samathambo. Nokho, ukuze wakhe le vithamini, umzimba udinga ukuchayeka elangeni. Ngakho-ke ukuphuza ubisi lulodwa akwanele ekwakheni amathambo.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezinye izifundo ziye zafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi ubisi kwandisa ingozi yokuphuka. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yocwaningo iphikisana, ukuxhumana phakathi kobisi oluningi kanye nokuphuka kwamathambo akuzange kuboniswe. I-Max Rubner Institute, isikhungo socwaningo sikahulumeni sokudla okunomsoco nokudla, yafinyelela esiphethweni esifanayo ngo-2015.
Ingabe ubisi lunempilo ngoba lukwenza ube mncane?
Kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi ubisi lukugcina umncane?
Ubisi lunikeza umzimba wethu amaprotheni, amafutha kanye noshukela wobisi (i-lactose) kanye namavithamini namaminerali amaningana, kuhlanganise ne-calcium. Ngenxa yemisoco eminingi, akufanele uphuze ubisi njengesiphuzo njengamanzi, kodwa udle ngokulinganisela njengokudla. Kodwa ingabe ubisi lukwenza ube mncane noma ubisi lukwenza ukhuluphale?
Impendulo: Ukuze uphendule ukuthi ubisi luwumkhiqizo wokunciphisa umzimba noma umkhiqizo okhuluphalisayo, kufanele ubheke izinhlobo ezahlukene zobisi. Ubisi oluphelele, ubisi olunamafutha amancane kanye nobisi oluncibilikisiwe luthengwa kakhulu. Ubisi lonke ngokuvamile lunamafutha angamaphesenti angu-3.5, kuyilapho ubisi olunamafutha aphansi lusaqukethe amafutha angamaphesenti angu-1.5. Ubisi lwe-skimmed lunamafutha angekho ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-0.5.
Uma uphuza ingilazi yobisi oluphelele, usuvele udla amafutha amaningi. Ubisi oluphelele akuwona umkhiqizo wokunciphisa umzimba. Uma ufuna ukudla amafutha amancane futhi ngenxa yalokho ama-calories amancane, ungasebenzisa ubisi olunamafutha aphansi noma ubisi oluncibilikisiwe. Nokho, lokhu akunazo izinzuzo zezempilo.
Yini futhi okungelona iqiniso: ubisi akulona (lodwa) olubangela ukukhuluphala. Uma uphuza ingilazi yobisi nsuku zonke, ngeke uzuze isisindo kuso. Uma ukhuluphele, konke ukudla kwakho kunendima, kanjalo nokuzivocavoca kanye nemidlalo.
Ukuze lolo bisi lungabi okungenampilo
Lungakanani Ubisi Okufanele Uluphuze?
I-German Society for Nutrition (DGE) incoma ukudla okusesilinganisweni kwansuku zonke kobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi. Kunconywa ama-milliliters angu-250 kubantu abadala, okuhambisana nengilazi yobisi noma amagremu angu-250 we-yoghurt, i-kefir noma i-quark ngosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DGE incoma ucezu olulodwa noma ezimbili zikashizi, ezihambisana nenani lamagremu angama-50 kuye kwangama-60.
Ingabe kuyiqiniso ukuthi ubisi lubangela ubuhlungu besisu?
Ingabe ubisi lukunikeza isisu esibuhlungu?
Impendulo: Akuwona wonke umuntu obekezelela ubisi (ngokulinganayo). Kwabanye abantu, ubisi lubangela ubuhlungu besisu, igesi, nesifo sohudo. Lokhu kungenxa ye-lactose ebisini noma i-enzyme engekho emzimbeni womuntu ukuze iphule ushukela obisi. Kunabantu abaningi abanokungabekezelelani kwe-lactose: EJalimane, cishe oyedwa kwabahlanu akakwazi ukubekezelela ubisi.
Abantu abanokungabekezelelani kwe-lactose bangashintshela obisini olungenayo i-lactose noma iziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, noma bamane bamunce i-calcium kokunye ukudla. Imifino eluhlaza njenge-broccoli, i-kale, i-fennel, neklabishi yaseShayina ine-calcium eningi, kanjalo nezinkwa ezigcwele okusanhlamvu namantongomane.
Ingabe ubisi luyandisa ingozi yomdlavuza?
Sifunda kaningi ukuthi ubisi kwandisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza. Izimangalo zisukela kukholoni kuya kumdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Ingabe kuyiqiniso lokho?
Impendulo: Isayensi lapha isesigabeni socwaningo futhi alukho ucwaningo oluye lwafakazela ngokuphelele ukuthi ubisi lulodwa lwandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza.
Okuwukuphela kwalokhu kungaba umdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Njengoba iMax Ruber Institute ichaza, kunokuhlobana okungenzeka phakathi kokuphuza kakhulu ubisi nesifo esikulo mdlavuza. Nokho, kuzomele uphuze amalitha angu-1.25 obisi noma udle amagremu angu-140 kashizi oqinile nsuku zonke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, endabeni yomdlavuza kapopopo, ubisi lubonakala lunciphisa ngisho namathuba okuba nalesi sifo. I-Max Rubner Institute nayo yafinyelela kulesi siphetho. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela awuthinti kuphela i-calcium obisini, kodwa futhi ungamuncwa kokunye ukudla okufana nemifino eluhlaza noma amantongomane futhi ube nomthelela wokuvimbela umdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ukukhiqizwa kobisi kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane
Ingabe iqiniso lokuthi ubisi lubangela unya lwezilwane?
Asidli nje ubisi ngendlela ehlanzekile, kodwa futhi kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yobisi efana noshizi, iyogathi, ukhilimu noma i-quark. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impushana yobisi egayiwe itholakala ekudleni okuningi. Lesi sidingo sobisi kufanele sikhiqizwe ngandlela thize. IJalimane ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wobisi e-EU. Akukhona yini lokho ngezindleko zezilwane?
Impendulo: Kuya ngokuthi uthenga luphi ubisi noma imikhiqizo yobisi. Ubisi oluvela emkhiqizweni ojwayelekile lungaphinde lusho ukulima kwasefekthri nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi - hhayi izinkomo ezijabule emadlelweni aluhlaza. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkomo zikhiqiza ubisi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka, zithola ukudla okukhethekile okugxilile futhi zifakwa njalo. Ngakho-ke bakhulelwe unomphela ukuze banikeze ubisi olwengeziwe.
Kunemithethonqubo eqinile yobisi oluphilayo; isibonelo, akukho kudla okungekona okwemvelo okungangezwa futhi izinkomo zinenkululeko eyengeziwe yokuhamba futhi ngokuvamile zifinyelela emadlelweni. Inani lezilwane ekufuyweni kobisi oluphilayo libuye libe lincane. Noma kunjalo, ukukhiqizwa kobisi nakho kuyinto ehamba phambili lapha futhi izinkomo "zikhulelwe unomphela".
